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Wear of Orthopaedic Implants and Artificial Joints
Saverio Affatato (Edited by)
9780857091284, Elsevier Science
Hardback, published 12 April 2012
448 pages
23.4 x 15.6 x 2.8 cm, 0.82 kg
Although hip, knee and other orthopaedic implants are well-established prostheses, much remains to be understood about how these implants wear in use. This important book summarises the wealth of recent research in this area and its implications for implant and joint design.
After an introductory overview, the book reviews the causes and prevention of implant wear. Part one discusses fundamental issues such as tissue response to wear, the anatomy and biomechanics of hips and knees as well as the materials and design issues they raise for hip, knee and other types of orthopaedic implant. Part two considers wear phenomena in a range of materials, including ultra-high molecular weight (UHMWPE), metal and ceramic joints. It also covers surgical and other factors influencing wear as well as ways of detecting, analysing and predicting implant wear and failure.
With its distinguished editor and international team of contributors, Wear of orthopaedic implants and artificial joints is a standard reference for implant manufacturers, surgeons and those researching this important area.
Contributor contact details Acknowledgements Part I: Fundamentals of implant wear Chapter 1: Introduction to wear phenomena of orthopaedic implants Abstract: 1.1 History of wear 1.2 Wear mechanisms 1.3 Importance of wear mechanisms and their evaluation 1.4 In vivo wear measurements 1.5 In vitro wear measurements 1.6 Socio-economic wear impact 1.7 Future trends Chapter 2: Biology of implant wear Abstract: 2.1 Introduction 2.2 Inflammatory reaction to particulate materials 2.3 Cellular/molecular response to wear 2.4 Conclusion and therapeutic targets Chapter 3: Biomechanics of the hip and knee: implant wear Abstract: 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Kinematics of hip and knee joints 3.3 Kinetics and joint forces 3.4 Lubrication and contact conditions in hip and knee implants 3.5 Implications for implant wear 3.6 Future trends in biomechanics of hip and knee joints Chapter 4: Anatomy of the hip and suitable prostheses Abstract: 4.1 Anatomy of the hip 4.2 Kinematics of the hip 4.3 Biomechanics of the hip 4.4 History and indications for total hip replacement 4.5 Prosthetic designs and bearing surfaces 4.6 Future trends 4.7 Acknowledgments Chapter 5: Anatomy of the knee and suitable prostheses Abstract: 5.1 Bones and ligaments 5.2 Kinematics 5.3 Biomechanics 5.4 History and indications for total knee replacement 5.5 Prosthetic designs and bearing surfaces 5.6 Future trends 5.7 Acknowledgment Chapter 6: Orthopaedic implant materials and design Abstract: 6.1 Introduction 6.2 Materials in knee and hip arthroplasty 6.2.2 Ceramics 6.2.3 Polyethylene 6.2.4 Trabecular Metal Technology (TMT)/non–TMT augments 6.2.5 Cement 6.3 Evolution of total knee arthroplasty 6.4 History of total hip arthroplasty 6.5 Future trends 6.6 Sources of further information and advice 6.7 Acknowledgments Chapter 7: Materials used for hip and knee implants Abstract: 7.1 Introduction 7.2 Polymer evolution and internal/surface treatments 7.3 Metal evolution and internal/surface treatments to use in vivo 7.4 Ceramic evolution and internal/surface treatments to use in vivo 7.5 Conclusion Part II: Wear phenomena Chapter 8: Wear phenomena of ultra-high molecular weight polyethylene (UHMWPE) joints Abstract: 8.1 Introduction 8.2 Wear phenomena of UHMWPE knee joints 8.3 Concluding remarks 8.4 Acknowledgments Chapter 9: Wear phenomena of metal joints Abstract: 9.1 Alloys for orthopaedic implants 9.2 Electrochemical aspects of corrosion 9.3 Passivity and corrosion of implant alloys 9.4 Surface phenomena in biotribocorrosion 9.5 Tribocorrosion at the articulating interface 9.6 Fretting corrosion 9.7 Conclusions Chapter 10: Wear phenomena of ceramic joints Abstract: 10.1 Introduction 10.2 Developments in ceramic technology 10.2.1 Alumina 10.2.2 Zirconia 10.2.3 Zirconia-toughened alumina Chapter 11: The influence of surgical techniques on implant wear Abstract: 11.1 Introduction 11.2 Hip arthroplasty 11.3 Knee arthroplasty Conclusion Chapter 12: Factors contributing to orthopaedic implant wear Abstract: 12.1 Introduction 12.2 Implant-specific factors – materials and design 12.3 Surgical factors 12.4 Patient factors 12.5 Interactions between different factors 12.6 Conclusion Chapter 13: Diagnosis and surveillance of orthopaedic implants Abstract: 13.1 The importance of a correct diagnosis 13.2 Predictive and detection methods 13.3 Choice of prosthesis 13.4 Patient education 13.5 Surveillance Chapter 14: Failure analysis of orthopaedic implants Abstract: 14.1 Introduction 14.2 Implant retrieval laboratories 14.3 Failure modes 14.4 Analysis techniques 14.5 Importance of validation 14.6 Conclusion Chapter 15: Wear prediction of orthopaedic implants Abstract: 15.1 Introduction 15.2 Overall wear modelling 15.3 Wear models 15.4 Determination of wear factors and coefficients 15.5 Contact models 15.6 Numerical calculation of wear 15.7 Applications 15.8 Future trends 15.9 Further information 15.10 Acknowledgments Index
Subject Areas: Biomedical engineering [MQW]
