Water Transport in Plants under Climatic Stress

This book brings together contributions from a range of experts who have worked on the cavitation of water in the transport system.

M. Borghetti (Edited by), J. Grace (Edited by), A. Raschi (Edited by)

9780521112000, Cambridge University Press

Paperback, published 11 June 2009

320 pages
22.9 x 15.2 x 1.8 cm, 0.47 kg

The prospect of future climate change has stimulated research into the physiological responses of plants to stress. Water is a key factor controlling the distribution and abundance of plants in nature and the efficient uptake and subsequent transport of water within the plant is critical in hot, dry regions. This book, based on a meeting which focused on the failure of the hydraulic pathway within the xylem, brings together contributions from a range of experts who have worked on the cavitation of water in the transport system. The phenomenon of cavitation, discovered only in the 1960s, is now becoming recognised as being widespread and, whilst its ecological significance is a matter for further research, many scientists consider than embolism in the xylem predisposes plants to further water stress. Cavitation and refilling may, therefore, hold the key to vegetational response to climatic warming and drying. This book will provide a valuable compendium of information for those working in the plant and environmental sciences as well as for those whose interests lie in the more applied disciplines of agriculture and forestry.

Preface
1. Global change and plant water relations P. G. Jarvis
2. Cavitation. A review: past, present and future J. A. Milburn
3. Effect of cavitation on the status of water in plants J. J. Oertli
4. Stomatal control of xylem cavitation H. G. Jones and R. A. Sutherland
5. Refilling of embolized xylem J. Grace
6. Interpretation of the dynamics of plant water potential M. A. Dixon and R. W. Johnson
7. A proposed mechanism of freezing and thawing in conifer xylem D. J. Robson and J. A. Petty
8. Winter xylem embolism and spring recovery in Betula cordifolia, Fagus grandifolia, Abies balsamea and Picea rubens J. Sperry
9. Drought resistance strategies and vulnerability to cavitation of some Mediterranean sclerophyllous trees S. Salleo and M. A. Lo Gullo
10. Relations between sap velocity and cavitation in broad-leaved trees M. Borghetti, P. De Angelis, A. Raschi, G. E. Scarascia Mugnozza, R. Tognetti and R. Valentini
11. NMR and water transport in plants S. Ratkovic and G. Bacic
12. The symplast radial-axial water transport in plants: an NMR approach A. V. Anisimov
13. Reproductive adaptation by polyembryony of coniferous forest trees under climatic stress is revealed by the metabolism of tritiated water D. J. Durzan
14. A heat balance method for measuring sap flow in small trees C. Valancogne and Z. Nasr
15. Heat pulse measurements on beech in relation to weather conditions J. Heimann and W. Stickan
16. Extremely fast changes of xylem water flow rate in tall trees caused by atmospheric, soil and mechanic factors J. Cermak and J. Kucera
17. Water relations and water transport in coppice vs. single stem Querus cerris L. trees M. Sabatti, G. E. Scarascia Mugnozza, R. Valentini and A. Del Lungo
18. Environmental control of water flux through Maritime pine D. Loustau and A. Granier
19. Evaluation of transpiration of apple trees and measurement of daily course of water flow within the main branches of walnut trees C. Valancogne, T. Ameglio, L. Angelocci and P. Cruiziat
20. Estimating citrus orchard canopy resistance from measurements of actual and potential transpiration Y. Cohen, M. Fuchs and S. Moreshet
21. Stomatal conductance in tomato responds to air humidity I. Ferreira
22. Water relations of Canarian laurel forest trees R. Losch
23. Watering regime and photosynthetic performance of Gunnera tinctoria Mirbel G. J. Campbell and B. A. Osborne
24. Water relations and ultrasound emissions in Douglas fir-seedings infected with xylem pathogens M. Pisante, N. Moretti and S. Frisullo
25. Diurnal fruit shrinkage: a model A. Berger and G. Selles
26. Analysis of pressure-volume curves by non-linear regressions M. N. Anderson, C. R. Jensen and R. Losch
27. Determination of the amount of apoplastic water and other water relations parameters in conifer needles K. Gross and W. Koch
28. The assessment of water status in chilled plants A. Pardossi, P. Vernieri and F. Tognoni
29. An artificial osmotic cell: a model system for studying phenomena of negative pressure and for determining concentrations of solutes H. Heydt and E. Steudle
30. Measurement of water and solute uptake into excised roots at positive and negative roots pressures H. Heydt and E. Steudle
Index.

Subject Areas: Botany & plant sciences [PST]