War and Citizenship
Enemy Aliens and National Belonging from the French Revolution to the First World War

Demonstrates how states at war redrew the boundaries between members and non-members, thus redefining belonging and the path to citizenship.

Daniela L. Caglioti (Author)

9781108489423, Cambridge University Press

Hardback, published 19 November 2020

466 pages
23.4 x 16 x 2.9 cm, 0.79 kg

'The result of years of meticulous archival research, this is surely the definitive study of the way states in World War I took away the rights of legal residents by labelling them 'enemy aliens'. Highly relevant for our time, when the chase for 'enemies within' is once more on in so many countries.' Erik-Jan Zürcher, Universiteit Leiden

What did it mean to be an alien, and in particular an enemy alien, in the interstate conflicts that occurred over the nineteenth century and that climaxed in the First World War? In this ambitious and broad-ranging study, Daniela L. Caglioti highlights the many ways in which belligerent countries throughout the world mobilized populations along the member/non-member divide, redefined inclusion and exclusion, and refashioned notions and practices of citizenship. She examines what it meant to be an alien in wartime, how the treatment of aliens in wartime interfered with sovereignty and the rule of law, and how that treatment affected population policies, individual and human rights, and conceptions of belonging. Concentrating on the gulf between citizens and foreigners and on the dilemma of balancing rights and security in wartime, Caglioti highlights how each country, regardless of its political system, chose national security even if this meant reducing freedom, discriminating among citizens and non-citizens, and violating international law.

Introduction: Part I. Background: 1. The emergence of the enemy alien
2. Enemy aliens and 'civilization' in warfare
3. Citizens and aliens in peacetime
Part II. The First World War: 4. War, state of emergency and early measures (1914)
5. Targeting internal enemies and enemy aliens (1914)
6. Consolidating the policies (1915–1916)
7. Repression and the economic war (1915–1917)
8. Globalizing and radicalizing the policies on enemy aliens (1917–1918)
9. From citizens to enemy aliens (1914–1923)
Part III. Aftermath: 10. The end of the war: enemy aliens and the war's legacies (1919–1927)
11. Conclusion: A prolonged state of emergency?
Works Cited
Index.

Subject Areas: Civil rights & citizenship [JPVH1], Military history [HBW], 20th century history: c 1900 to c 2000 [HBLW], Modern history to 20th century: c 1700 to c 1900 [HBLL], European history [HBJD]