The Inclusionary Turn in Latin American Democracies

This volume analyzes how enduring democracy amid longstanding inequality engendered inclusionary reform in contemporary Latin America.

Diana Kapiszewski (Edited by), Steven Levitsky (Edited by), Deborah J. Yashar (Edited by)

9781108816182, Cambridge University Press

Paperback / softback, published 30 December 2021

585 pages
22.9 x 15.2 x 3.3 cm, 0.85 kg

'In the last 30 years, democratization in Latin America has opened opportunities for the mobilization of a broad array of popular sector groups seeking an end to the region's historic legacy of social and economic exclusion. This excellent volume provides a comprehensive analysis of this 'inclusionary turn,' and of the political contradictions that have limited its social impact. With contributions from leading scholars in the field, it offers an essential overview of the changing politics of the 21st century.' Robert R. Kaufman, Professor of Political Science, Rutgers

Latin American states took dramatic steps toward greater inclusion during the late twentieth and early twenty-first Centuries. Bringing together an accomplished group of scholars, this volume examines this shift by introducing three dimensions of inclusion: official recognition of historically excluded groups, access to policymaking, and resource redistribution. Tracing the movement along these dimensions since the 1990s, the editors argue that the endurance of democratic politics, combined with longstanding social inequalities, create the impetus for inclusionary reforms. Diverse chapters explore how factors such as the role of partisanship and electoral clientelism, constitutional design, state capacity, social protest, populism, commodity rents, international diffusion, and historical legacies encouraged or inhibited inclusionary reform during the late 1990s and early 2000s. Featuring original empirical evidence and a strong theoretical framework, the book considers cross-national variation, delves into the surprising paradoxes of inclusion, and identifies the obstacles hindering further fundamental change.

Introduction
1. Inequality, Democracy, and the Inclusionary Turn in Latin America Diana Kapiszewski, Steven R. Levitsky and Deborah J. Yashar
Part I. Extending Social Policy and Participation: 2. Including Outsiders in Latin America Candelaria Garay
3. Diffusion Dynamics: Shaping Social Policy in Latin America's Inclusionary Turn Wendy Hunter
4. Inclusion without Power? Limits of Participatory Institutions Benjamin Goldfrank
5. Brazil's Participatory Infrastructure: Opportunities and Limitations for Inclusion Lindsay Mayka and Jessica Rich
Part II. Inclusion and Partisan Representation: 6. Changing Patterns of Ideology and Partisanship in Latin America Grigore Pop-Eleches
7. Brokering Inclusion: Intermediaries, Clientelism, and Constraints on Latin America's Left Turn Thad Dunning and Lucas M. Novaes
8. States of Discontent: State Crises, Party System Change, and Inclusion in South America Samuel Handlin
Part III. New Party-Society Linkages: 9. The Politics of Popular Coalitions: Unions and Territorial Social Movements in Post-Neoliberal Latin America (2000-2015) Sebastián Etchemendy
10. After Corporatism: Party Linkages with Popular-Sector Organizations in Neoliberal Latin America Brian Palmer-Rubin
11. Expanding the Public Square: Evangelicals and Electoral Politics in Latin America Taylor C. Boas
Part IV. Inclusion, Populism, and Democracy: 12. Pathways to Inclusion in Latin America Maxwell A. Cameron
13. Inclusionary Turn, Rentier Populism, and Emerging Legacies: the Propagation Effects of the Commodity Boom Sebastián Mazzuca
14. Strong Citizens, Strong Presidents: The Constitutional Architecture of the Inclusionary Turn in Latin America Zachary Elkins
15. Shaping the People: Populism and the Politics of Identity Formation in South America Jason Seawright and Rodrigo Barrenechea
Conclusion: 16. The Inclusionary Turn and its Political Limitations Kenneth M. Roberts.

Subject Areas: Comparative politics [JPB], Political science & theory [JPA], Sociology [JHB], Hispanic & Latino studies [JFSL4]