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The Group 13 Metals Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium
Chemical Patterns and Peculiarities
Simon Aldridge (Author), Anthony J. Downs (Author)
9780470681916, Wiley
Hardback, published 18 March 2011
752 pages
25.4 x 19.8 x 4.2 cm, 1.601 kg
"All the chapters in this book are written by leading experts in the corresponding research areas and offer an excellent overview of recent research. The nearly exhaustive collection of literature references reflects the state of the art up to 2009, or even 2010. The opus is a real mine of information for everyone interested in modern chemistry, for researchers, and for advanced students. Even those who have been active in triel chemistry for years will find this to be a very valuable reference work." (Angewandte Reviews, 2011) "For this reason, I would recommend this book wholeheartedly to any inorganic or organometallic chemist with a fundamental interest in this fascinating and varied series of elements." (Applied Organometallic Chemistry, 2011)
The last two decades have seen a renaissance in interest in the chemistry of the main group elements. In particular research on the metals of group 13 (aluminium, gallium, indium and thallium) has led to the synthesis and isolation of some very novel and unusual molecules, with implications for organometallic synthesis, new materials development, and with biological, medical and, environmental relevance. The Group 13 Metals Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium aims to cover new facts, developments and applications in the context of more general patterns of physical and chemical behaviour. Particular attention is paid to the main growth areas, including the chemistry of lower formal oxidation states, cluster chemistry, the investigation of solid oxides and hydroxides, advances in the formation of III-V and related compounds, the biological significance of Group 13 metal complexes, and the growing importance of the metals and their compounds in the mediation of organic reactions. Chapters cover: The Group 13 Metals Aluminium, Gallium, Indium and Thallium provides a detailed, wide-ranging, and up-to-date review of the chemistry of this important group of metals. It will find a place on the bookshelves of practitioners, researchers and students working in inorganic, organometallic, and materials chemistry.
Preface ix List of Contributors xi 1 New Light on the Chemistry of the Group 13 Metals 1 1.1 Reprise of the General Features of Group 13 Elements 1 1.2 Developments in Methodology 6 1.3 Redox Chemistry of the Group 13 Metals: Access to Oxidation States Lower than + 3 25 1.4 Bonding Aspects 28 1.5 Solid Compounds with Specific Electronic, Structural or Other Properties 38 1.6 Coordination Chemistry of M(III) Compounds 43 1.7 Mediation of Organic Transformations by Group 13 Metal Compounds 57 References 60 2 The Chemistry of the Group 13 Metals in the +3 Oxidation State: Simple Inorganic Compounds 75 2.1 Introduction 75 2.2 Hydrides 76 2.3 Halides and Pseudo-Halides 99 2.4 Oxides and Oxo-Derivatives 107 2.5 Chalcogenides and Chalco-Derivatives 118 2.6 Compounds with Bonds to Group 15 Atoms 122 References 132 3 Formal Oxidation State +3: Organometallic Chemistry 148 3.1 Introduction 148 3.2 Organo Derivatives with a Metal–Carbon Primary Framework 151 3.3 Derivatives with Bonds to Group 15 Elements 168 3.4 Derivatives with Bonds to Group 16 Elements 192 3.5 Organometal Halides 210 3.6 Organometal Hydrides 215 3.7 d-Block and f-Block Compounds with Organo-Group 13 Metal(III) Fragments 220 References 227 4 Formal Oxidation State +2: Metal–Metal Bonded Versus Mononuclear Derivatives 246 4.1 Introduction 246 4.2 Subhalides Containing M–M Bonds 247 4.3 Homoleptic Chalcogen Compounds 250 4.4 Homoleptic Dielement Compounds with Pnicogen Atoms Coordinated to the M–M Bonds 251 4.5 Heteroleptic Compounds Containing Donor Atoms of Groups 15 to 17 254 4.6 Homoleptic Dinuclear Organoelement(II) Compounds 257 4.7 Heteroleptic Organoelement(II) Compounds 265 4.8 Mononuclear Element(II) Compounds 274 References 277 5 The Chemistry of the Group 13 Metals in the +1 Oxidation State 285 5.1 Introduction 285 5.2 Aluminium 286 5.3 Gallium 298 5.4 Indium 310 5.5 Thallium 317 References 329 6 Mixed or Intermediate Valence Group 13 Metal Compounds 342 6.1 Mixed Valency 342 6.2 Halides 346 6.3 Arene-stabilised Mixed Valent Species 353 6.4 Chalcogenide and Other Non-Halide Salts 363 6.5 Discretely Bonded Systems 368 6.6 Donor–Acceptor Compounds 390 6.7 Conclusions 396 References 397 7 Aluminium and Gallium Clusters: Metalloid Clusters and their Relationship to the Bulk Phases, to Naked Clusters and to Nanoscaled Materials 402 7.1 Introduction 402 7.2 Explanations of Special Terms 404 7.3 The Naked Al 13 Cluster 407 7.4 Metalloid Al/Ga Clusters 416 7.5 Interactions between Cluster Species within the Crystal 471 7.6 Summary and Outlook 480 References 482 8 Simple and Mixed Metal Oxides and Hydroxides: Solids with Extended Structures of Different Dimensionalities and Porosities 488 8.1 Introduction 488 8.2 The Parent Oxides and Hydroxides 489 8.3 Layered Materials 494 8.4 Framework Materials 502 References 509 9 Coordination and Solution Chemistry of the Metals: Biological, Medical and Environmental Relevance 519 9.1 Introduction 519 9.2 Hydrides 521 9.3 Halides 542 9.4 Group 13 Complexes of N-donor Ligands 548 9.5 Complexes of the Monovalent M(I) Group 13 Metals 557 9.6 Divalent M(II) Complexes 568 9.7 Chemistry Relevant to Environmental and Biological Systems 569 9.8 Environmental Abundances, Uses and Sources 572 9.9 Biological Systems 576 References 593 10 III–V and Related Semiconductor Materials 612 10.1 Introduction 612 10.2 III–Nitrides 619 10.3 III–Phosphides 627 10.4 III–Arsenides 631 10.5 III–Antimonides 636 References 645 11 Group 13 Metal-Mediated Organic Reactions 654 11.1 Aluminium 654 11.2 Gallium 675 11.3 Indium 681 11.4 Thallium 688 References 692 Index 701
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Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
