The Earth Summit and After.

Effectiveness of Policies.

Moving Ahead.

Chronology.

References.

2. Resources and Environment:.

Source and Sink Problems.

Changes in Natural Resources.

Changes in Environment.

Climate Change.

Desertification.

Biodiversity.

Conclusions.

References.

3. Sustainable Development: Interpretations:.

Biogeophysical and Ecological Aspects.

Economic Approaches.

Economic Growth and Sustainability.

Irreversibility and Nonlinearity.

The Precautionary Principle.

Conclusions.

References.

4. Managing Global Commons:.

Global Commons.

Global Warming Potential.

Economics of the Greenhouse Effect.

Greenhouse Gas Emissions Policies.

Economics of Green Tax.

Conclusions.

Appendix: Economic Models for Green Taxes.

References.

5. Poverty and Environment:.

Poverty, Prosperity and the Environment.

Trends in Poverty.

Poverty Reduction and Sustainability.

Structural Adjustments and Public Finance.

Policy Alternatives and Political Economy.

Conclusions.

References.

6. Valuing Resources and Future:.

Valuing Environmental Resources.

Market and Non-Market Valuations.

Net National Product and Sustainability.

Technical Progress and Sustainability.

Changes in Preferences and Discounting.

Choosing Discount Factors.

Conclusions.

Appendix: Models for Net National Product and Sustainability.

References.

7. Green Accounting:.

Assessing Environmental Costs.

Green National Accounts.

Integrated Economic and Environmental Accounting.

Indicators for Sustainability.

Conclusions.

References.

8. Debt, Trade and Environment:.

Internal Debt and Sustainability.

External Debt and Trade.

Debt and Environment.

Trade and Environment.

Conclusions.

References.

9. Governance and Private Sector:.

Markets and the Environment.

Regulations and Compliance Incentives.

Private Investment and Sustainability.

Mechanisms for Private Financing.

Conclusions.

References.

10. International Institutions:.

Global Policy Institutions.

External Financing and Institutions.

Local Knowledge, Resources and Institutions.

International Institutional Mechanisms.

Conclusions.

References.

11. Policy Framework:.

Objectives.

Methods of Operation.

National and Local Policies.

International Policies.

Directions for the Future.

References.

Glossary.

Statistical Information.

Additional Bibliography.