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Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences
Gordon G. Hammes (Author)
9780471713449, Wiley
Paperback / softback, published 22 July 2005
192 pages
23.1 x 15.5 x 1.3 cm, 0.295 kg
"...everything about this book seems to be right...If you are a student or researcher in the biological sciences who needs a brief refresher in biological spectroscopy, this is the book you must read." (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, March/April 2006) "...a valuable overview of the spectroscopy techniques commonly encountered in biological research…" (The Quarterly Review of Biology, March 2006) "...a great introduction to the world of spectroscopic methods." (Applied Spectroscopy, October 2005)
An introduction to the physical principles of spectroscopy and their applications to the biological sciences
Advances in such fields as proteomics and genomics place new demands on students and professionals to be able to apply quantitative concepts to the biological phenomena that they are studying. Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences provides students and professionals with a working knowledge of the physical chemical aspects of spectroscopy, along with their applications to important biological problems.
Designed as a companion to Professor Hammes's Thermodynamics and Kinetics for the Biological Sciences, this approachable yet thorough text covers the basic principles of spectroscopy, including:
* Fundamentals of spectroscopy
* Electronic spectra
* Circular dichroism and optical rotary dispersion
* Vibration in macromolecules (IR, Raman, etc.)
* Magnetic resonance
* X-ray crystallography
* Mass spectrometry
With a minimum of mathematics and a strong focus on applications to biology, this book will prepare current and future professionals to better understand the quantitative interpretation of biological phenomena and to utilize these tools in their work.
Preface ix 1. Fundamentals of Spectroscopy 1 Introduction 1 Quantum Mechanics 3 Particle in a Box 5 Properties of Waves 9 References 13 Problems 14 2. X-ray Crystallography 17 Introduction 17 Scattering of X Rays by a Crystal 18 Structure Determination 22 Neutron Diffraction 25 Nucleic Acid Structure 25 Protein Structure 28 Enzyme Catalysis 30 References 32 Problems 32 3. Electronic Spectra 35 Introduction 35 Absorption Spectra 36 Ultraviolet Spectra of Proteins 38 Nucleic Acid Spectra 40 Prosthetic Groups 41 Difference Spectroscopy 44 X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy 46 Fluorescence and Phosphorescence 47 RecBCD: Helicase Activity Monitored by Fluorescence 51 Fluorescence Energy Transfer: A Molecular Ruler 52 Application of Energy Transfer to Biological Systems 54 Dihydrofolate Reductase 57 References 58 Problems 59 4. Circular Dichroism, Optical Rotary Dispersion, And Fluorescence Polarization 63 Introduction 63 Optical Rotary Dispersion 65 Circular Dichroism 66 Optical Rotary Dispersion and Circular Dichroism of Proteins 67 Optical Rotation and Circular Dichroism of Nucleic Acids 69 Small Molecule Binding to DNA 71 Protein Folding 74 Interaction of DNA with Zinc Finger Proteins 77 Fluorescence Polarization 78 Integration of HIV Genome into Host Genome 80 a-Ketoglutarate Dehyrogenase 81 References 84 Problems 84 5. Vibrations in Macromolecules 89 Introduction 89 Infrared Spectroscopy 92 Raman Spectroscopy 92 Structure Determination with Vibrational Spectroscopy 95 Resonance Raman Spectroscopy 98 Structure of Enzyme-Substrate Complexes 100 References 101 Problems 102 6. Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance 103 Introduction 103 NMR Spectrometers 106 Chemical Shifts 108 Spin-Spin Splitting 110 Relaxation Times 112 Multidimensional NMR 115 Magnetic Resonance Imaging 121 Electron Spin Resonance 122 References 125 Problems 125 7. Applications of Magnetic Resonance to Biology 129 Introduction 129 Regulation of DNA Transcription 129 Protein-DNA Interactions 132 Dynamics of Protein Folding 133 RNA Folding 136 Lactose Permease 139 Conclusion 142 References 142 8. Mass Spectrometry 145 Introduction 145 Mass Analysis 145 Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MSMS) 149 Ion Detectors 150 Ionization of the Sample 150 Sample PreparationAnalysis 154 Proteins and Peptides 154 Protein Folding 157 Other Biomolecules 160 References 161 Problems 161 Appendices 1. Useful Constants and Conversion Factors 163 2. Structures of the Common Amino Acids at Neutral pH 165 3. Common Nucleic Acid Components 167 Index 169
Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
