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Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences
Gordon G. Hammes (Author)
9780471713449, Wiley
Paperback / softback, published 22 July 2005
192 pages
23.1 x 15.5 x 1.3 cm, 0.295 kg
"...everything about this book seems to be right.... If you are a student or researcher in the biological sciences who needs a brief refresher in biological spectroscopy, this is the book you must read." (Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education, March/April 2006) "...a valuable overview of the spectroscopy techniques commonly encountered in biological research...." (The Quarterly Review of Biology, March 2006) "...a great introduction to the world of spectroscopic methods." (Applied Spectroscopy, October 2005)
An introduction to the physical principles of spectroscopy and their applications to the biological sciences Advances in such fields as proteomics and genomics place new demands on students and professionals to be able to apply quantitative concepts to the biological phenomena that they are studying. Spectroscopy for the Biological Sciences provides students and professionals with a working knowledge of the physical chemical aspects of spectroscopy, along with their applications to important biological problems. Designed as a companion to Professor Hammes's Thermodynamics and Kinetics for the Biological Sciences, this approachable yet thorough text covers the basic principles of spectroscopy, including: With a minimum of mathematics and a strong focus on applications to biology, this book will prepare current and future professionals to better understand the quantitative interpretation of biological phenomena and to utilize these tools in their work.
Preface ix 1. Fundamentals of Spectroscopy 1 2. X-ray Crystallography 17 3. Electronic Spectra 35 4. Circular Dichroism, Optical Rotary Dispersion, And Fluorescence Polarization 63 5. Vibrations in Macromolecules 89 6. Principles of Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and Electron Spin Resonance 103 7. Applications of Magnetic Resonance to Biology 129 8. Mass Spectrometry 145 Appendices Index 169
Introduction 1
Quantum Mechanics 3
Particle in a Box 5
Properties of Waves 9
References 13
Problems 14
Introduction 17
Scattering of X Rays by a Crystal 18
Structure Determination 22
Neutron Diffraction 25
Nucleic Acid Structure 25
Protein Structure 28
Enzyme Catalysis 30
References 32
Problems 32
Introduction 35
Absorption Spectra 36
Ultraviolet Spectra of Proteins 38
Nucleic Acid Spectra 40
Prosthetic Groups 41
Difference Spectroscopy 44
X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy 46
Fluorescence and Phosphorescence 47
RecBCD: Helicase Activity Monitored by Fluorescence 51
Fluorescence Energy Transfer: A Molecular Ruler 52
Application of Energy Transfer to Biological Systems 54
Dihydrofolate Reductase 57
References 58
Problems 59
Introduction 63
Optical Rotary Dispersion 65
Circular Dichroism 66
Optical Rotary Dispersion and Circular Dichroism of Proteins 67
Optical Rotation and Circular Dichroism of Nucleic Acids 69
Small Molecule Binding to DNA 71
Protein Folding 74
Interaction of DNA with Zinc Finger Proteins 77
Fluorescence Polarization 78
Integration of HIV Genome into Host Genome 80
a-Ketoglutarate Dehyrogenase 81
References 84
Problems 84
Introduction 89
Infrared Spectroscopy 92
Raman Spectroscopy 92
Structure Determination with Vibrational Spectroscopy 95
Resonance Raman Spectroscopy 98
Structure of Enzyme-Substrate Complexes 100
References 101
Problems 102
Introduction 103
NMR Spectrometers 106
Chemical Shifts 108
Spin-Spin Splitting 110
Relaxation Times 112
Multidimensional NMR 115
Magnetic Resonance Imaging 121
Electron Spin Resonance 122
References 125
Problems 125
Introduction 129
Regulation of DNA Transcription 129
Protein-DNA Interactions 132
Dynamics of Protein Folding 133
RNA Folding 136
Lactose Permease 139
Conclusion 142
References 142
Introduction 145
Mass Analysis 145
Tandem Mass Spectrometry (MSMS) 149
Ion Detectors 150
Ionization of the Sample 150
Sample Preparation Analysis 154
Proteins and Peptides 154
Protein Folding 157
Other Biomolecules 160
References 161
Problems 161
1. Useful Constants and Conversion Factors 163
2. Structures of the Common Amino Acids at Neutral pH 165
3. Common Nucleic Acid Components 167
Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
