Chapter 1 Interiors Projects 1

Introduction To Commercial Interiors Projects 1

A Brief History 2

Base Building and Tenant Improvements 7

The Lease and the Work Letter 7

Measuring Commercial Office Space 7

Contract Documents for Commercial and Residential Interiors 9

The Contract for Commercial Construction 9

The Contract for Furniture, Furnishings, and Equipment (FF&E) 14

Laws That Affect The Contracts For Interiors Projects 22

Sources of U.S. Law 22

Contract Law and Commercial Law 26

Sales Contracts and Services Contracts 26

Differences Between Contract Law and Commercial Law Warranties 26

Warranties 29

Custom and Standard Contract Document Forms 29

Residential Contract Forms 29

Standard Commercial Contract Forms 30

Specifications 32

Types of Specifications 32

Specification Formats 33

Specification Information Classification 33

Specification Section Organization 33

Specification Page Organization 37

Division 1—General Requirements 37

Chapter 2 Regulations, Codes, and Standards 39

Federal Regulations 39

Building Codes 41

Other Regulations Affecting Interior Design 42

Fire Codes 44

Standards 45

Flammability Standards 47

Flammability Standards for Construction Materials and Assemblies 47

Flammability Standards For Floor Coverings 49

Methenamine Pill Test 49

Flammability Standards For Wall Finishes 52

Room Corner Test 52

Flammability Standards For Wall and Ceiling Or Floor and Ceiling Assemblies 54

Wall or Floor and Ceiling Assembly Test 54

Flammability Standards For Door Assemblies 55

Door Assembly Test 55

Flammability Standards For Furniture 55

Cigarette Ignition Resistance Test for Furniture Composites 55

Flammability Standards For Furnishings 59

Vertical Ignition Test 59

Flammability Standards for Fabric 62

Accessibility Regulations 64

The History of Accessible Design and Civil Rights 64

ADA and FHAA Design Requirements 65

Interior Accessible Routes 65

Accessible Toilet Rooms 67

Plumbing Fixture Standards 69

Accessible Kitchens 70

Chapter 3 Building Systems and Performance 75

Structural Systems 76

Wood 76

Masonry 78

Steel 79

Concrete 81

Heating and Cooling Systems 82

Electric Systems 82

Hydronic Systems 83

Forced Air Systems 85

Thermal Performance of Buildings 86

Methods of Heat Transfer 86

Moisture Considerations In A Building 87

Dew Point and Condensation 88

Acoustic Performance of A Building 90

Sound Absorption 90

Noise Isolation 91

Chapter 4 Materials 93

Sustainable Design 93

Green Design 94

Sustainable Product and Material Selection 94

Green Buildings 101

Metals 104

Dissimilar Metals 105

Metal Finishes 105

Nonferrous Metals 109

Copper 110

Ferrous Metals 112

Wood 114

Solid Wood 116

Pressure-Treated Lumber 120

Wood Composite Panels 120

Sustainability and Environmental Impact 126

Wood Veneer 126

Wood Finishing 129

Plastics 134

The Components of Plastics 134

Thermoplastics 135

Thermosets 137

Sustainability and Environmental Impact 140

Glass 142

Float Glass 142

Heat-Treated Glass 143

Safety Glass 144

Wired Glass 145

Fire-Rated Glass and Glazing 145

Laminated Glass 146

Cast Glass 148

Low-Iron Glass 148

Frosted Glass 149

Antireflective Glass 149

Glass Used as Railings 150

Sealing Glass Joints 150

Sustainability and Environmental Impact 151

Textiles and Leather 151

Fibers 151

Natural Fibers 155

Synthetic Fibers 158

Fabric Construction 161

Fabric Wear Resistance 163

Sustainability and Environmental Impact 167

Leather 167

Leather Surface Treatments 170

Chapter 5 Construction Materials 173

Wall Finishes 173

Gypsum Board 173

Gypsum Board Assemblies 174

Plaster 181

Sustainability and Environmental Impact 183

Paints and Coatings 183

Wallcoverings 197

Upholstered Wall Systems 212

Ceiling Finishes 216

Glass Reinforced Gypsum (GRG) 216

Acoustic Ceilings 217

Acoustic Concerns 219

Floor Finishes 223

Flooring Selection Considerations 224

Ceramic Tile 229

Terrazzo 237

Wood Flooring 241

Plastic Laminate Flooring 246

Bamboo Flooring 247

Stone 247

Vinyl Flooring 254

Rubber Flooring 260

Linoleum 263

Cork 263

Resilient Flooring Accessories 264

Carpet and Carpet Tile 268

Doors and Door Hardware 297

Wood Doors 297

Steel Doors 298

Door Hardware 299

Chapter 6 Furniture and Furnishings 307

Casework 307

Custom Casework 307

Prebuilt Casework 308

Countertops 309

File Cabinets 311

Seating 314

Seating for Work 314

Upholstered Seating 318

Systems Furniture 325

Wire and Cable 327

Window Treatments 331

Shading From Solar Heat Gain 331

Insulation from Heat Loss 334

Blinds 335

Shades 339

Draperies 340

Appendix A AIA Document B171 ID 347

Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Architect For Architectural Interior Design Services 348

Appendix B AIA Document A275 ID 369

General Conditions of the Contract For Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment 370

Appendix C AIA Document A175 ID 383

Standard Form of Agreement Between Owner and Vendor For Furniture, Furnishings and Equipment 384

Appendix D Uniform Commercial Code, Article 2 (Abridged) 391

Glossary 403

Index 415