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Secondary Metabolites and Drug Discovery

Umar Ali Dar (Edited by), Dar (Author), Mohd. Shahnawaz (Edited by), Neha Singh (Edited by)

9781394204342, Wiley

Hardback, published 5 September 2025

576 pages
28 x 19 x 2.5 cm, 1.043 kg

This book explores the promising potential of plant and microbe-derived compounds in drug discovery, offering insights into safer alternatives to synthetic drugs and highlighting the vital role of natural products in treating diseases with fewer side effects.

Plants and microbes are a promising source for natural products with the potential to play a major role in drug discovery. Due to advances in the fields of science, technology, engineering, and medicine, the commercial pharmaceutical industry is growing across the globe. Currently, allopathy uses synthetic pharmaceutical drugs for the treatment of diseases, but this practice also exposes patients to significant side effects. Since ancient times, other systems of medicine have been developed that utilize plant-based extracts and molecules to treat various diseases with fewer side effects. While changes in lifestyle, including diet, have had a significant impact on the increased risks of various diseases, there is substantial scientific evidence, both epidemiological and experimental, that vegetables and fruits are key features of diets associated with lower risks of diseases such as cancers and infections. These efforts to identify and create medications from plants are leading to increased manufacturing for larger clinical trials. The continuing scientific research of medicinal plants will undoubtedly provide a wealth of novel, structurally varied, bioactive chemicals. This edited volume provides an overview of various medical systems, with a special focus on microbial and plant-based drug molecules for treating communicable and non-communicable diseases, making it an invaluable resource for researchers, scientists, and practitioners interested in the potential of plant- and microbe-derived secondary metabolites in the ongoing search for innovative, effective, and safer medicines.

Readers will find this book:

  • Provides an overview of different types of sources and drug molecules used in allopathic, homeopathic, ayurvedic, Chinese, and Unani systems of medicine;
  • Highlights past and current methods of alternative, complementary, folklore, and integrative medicines;
  • Discusses the benefits and side effects of the drug molecules used in different systems of medicine at the global level;
  • Explores microbial and plant-based drug molecules for treating various communicable and non-communicable diseases.

Audience

Researchers, academics, industry, and governmental experts working in the fields of natural science, natural products, synthetic chemistry, pharmacology, and medicinal chemistry.

Preface xxiii
Acknowledgment xxv

1 Drug Discovery and Secondary Metabolites: An Overview 1
Arfa Ji, Asfer Hamid, Ehtishamul Haq, Dar Murtaza, Andleeb Amin, Asma Hakak and Zubaid ul Khazir

2 Relationship Between Allopathic Medicine and Secondary Metabolites: Opportunities in Drug Discovery 15
Rajaguru Arivuselvam, Sai Eswar B., Mohamed Sheik Tharik A., Raf iuddin Mohammed, Umesh M., Vasanth Raj P., Raman Rajeshkumar, Amit Anand and Kenganora Mruthunjaya

3 Endophytic Microorganisms in Traditional and Modern Plant-Based Medicine: Diversity, Biomedical Applications, and Future Prospects 57
Dhara Rajput, Borra Yesaswi, Angel Raju, Lalhmunsiami, Balaji Sathyanaryana Gupta, Haripriya G., Nallupillai Paramakrishnan, Rajaguru Arivuselvam, Amit Anand and Kenganora Mruthunjaya

4 Historical and Current Scenario of Ayurvedic, Unani, and Chinese Medical Systems 111
Taha Gökmen Ülger

5 Historical and Present Scenario of Folklore System of Medicine, Homeopathic System of Medicine 137
Nyla Ajaz, Fauzia Rehman, Iman Fatima, Tahira Ansar Sanam, Ayesha Bibi, Khadija Umer Farooq and Tahreem Iftikhar

6 Alternative System of Medicine vs. Traditional System of Medicine 151
Priyanka Parhad, Sanjana Agrawal, Neha Singh and Kamlesh Jain

7 Cost, Benefits, and Side Effects of Alternative, Complementary, and Traditional Medicine to Control Non-Communicable Diseases 177
Abida Rani, Shehbaz Ali, Mudasir A. Dar and Ahmad Raza

8 Integrative Medicine: An Overview 197
Mohammad Aasif, Fehmida Rasheid, Sajad Bhat, G.N. Yatoo, Abdul Haleem Wani, Ishfaq Ahmad, Zubaid-ul-Khazir, Sohial Amin Malik and Javid A. Banday

9 Different Sources and Types of Drug Molecules Used in Homeopathy System of Medicine 215
Saurabh Sarkar, Prem Rajak, Moutushi Mandi, Santu Nandi, Sayantani Nanda, Kanchana Das, Abhratanu Ganguly and Abhijit Ghosh

10 Cost, Benefits, and Side Effects of Allopathic Medicine to Control Communicable Diseases 261
Sourav Mohanto, Darshan J.C., Abdul Mannan Faruk Ahmed, Prolay Paul, Adrija Bhunia, Tanvi Goel, Sagnik Nag, Amol Dilip Gholap and Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed

11 Assessing the Value of Allopathic Medicine in Non-Communicable Disease Management: Costs, Benefits, and Side Effects 303
Ritu Painuli, Abhishek Kumar Gupta, Chetan Kumar and Ravindra S. Phatake

12 Roles of Allopathic Medicines to Treat SARS-CoV-2 Pathogen Causing COVID-19 327
Norein Sakander, Bisma Rasool, Ajaz Ahmed, Debaraj Mukherjee and Qazi Naveed Ahmed

13 Therapeutic Potential of Plant Secondary Metabolites in the Treatment of Disease and Drug Development: A Global Approach 345
Rashaid Ali Mustafa, Shabir Ahmad Rather, Rukhsana Kousar and M. A. Hannan Khan

14 Costs, Benefits, and Side Effects of Microbial Secondary Metabolites to Control Non-Communicable Diseases 369
Al Kamal Muhammad Shafiul Kadir, Mohammad Ullah Shemanto and Yasmine Adel Mohammed

15 Bioactive Plant-Derived Secondary Metabolites in Non-Communicable Disease Management 395
Sudip Paramanik, Abhratanu Ganguly, Prem Rajak and Manas Paramanik

16 Sources and Types of Secondary Metabolites: An Overview 419
Suman Rawte, Diksha Prakash and Zenu Jha

17 Antidiabetic Activities of Carica papaya L. 439
Pawan Prabhakar and Mamoni Banerjee

18 Phytochemical Analysis and Antioxidant Potential in Six Important Medicinal Plants of Ladakh Trans-Himalaya for Drug Discovery 459
Mohd Shabir and Fayaz Hussain

19 Future Research Directions and Prospects of Secondary Metabolites in Drug Discoveries 475
Sourav Mohanto, Ayesha Sultana, Deokrishna Kumar Choudhary, Adrija Bhunia, Sagnik Nag, Shadma Wahab and Mohammed Gulzar Ahmed

20 Pharmacological Diversity in Integrative Medicine: Exploring Sources and Approaches to Drug Discovery Utilizing Natural Products 493
Ritu Painuli, Biru Chauhan, Kanhaiya Kumar, Chetan Kumar and Ravindra S. Phatake

Acknowledgments 519
References 519
Index 529

Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
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