Regimes of Ethnicity and Nationhood in Germany, Russia, and Turkey

Akturk discusses how the definition of being German, Soviet, Russian and Turkish changed at the turn of the twenty-first century.

?ener Aktürk (Author)

9781107614253, Cambridge University Press

Paperback / softback, published 12 November 2012

321 pages, 11 b/w illus. 5 maps 36 tables
23.5 x 15.5 x 1.5 cm, 0.47 kg

'… a well-conceived and well-tested study … recommended to scholars interested in citizenship studies [and] institutionalists as well as to sociologists as a fine read.' Nur Bilge Criss, Turkish Studies

Akturk discusses how the definition of being German, Soviet, Russian and Turkish radically changed at the turn of the twenty-first century. Germany's ethnic citizenship law, the Soviet Union's inscription of ethnic origins in personal identification documents and Turkey's prohibition on the public use of minority languages, all implemented during the early twentieth century, underpinned the definition of nationhood in these countries. Despite many challenges from political and societal actors, these policies did not change for many decades, until around the turn of the twenty-first century, when Russia removed ethnicity from the internal passport, Germany changed its citizenship law and Turkish public television began broadcasting in minority languages. Using a new typology of 'regimes of ethnicity' and a close study of primary documents and numerous interviews, Sener Akturk argues that the coincidence of three key factors – counterelites, new discourses and hegemonic majorities – explains successful change in state policies toward ethnicity.

Part I. Theoretical Framework and Empirical Overview: 1. Regimes of ethnicity: comparative analysis of Germany, Soviet Union, post-Soviet Russia, and Turkey
Part II. Germany: 2. The challenges to the monoethnic regime in Germany, 1955–1982
3. The construction of an assimilationist discourse and political hegemony: transition from a monoethnic to an antiethnic regime in Germany, 1982–2000
Part III. Turkey: 4. Challenges to the ethnicity regime in Turkey: Alevi and Kurdish demands for recognition, 1923–1980
5. From social democracy to Islamic multiculturalism: failed and successful attempts to reform the ethnicity regime in Turkey, 1980–2009
Part IV. Soviet Union and the Russian Federation: 6. The nation that wasn't there?: Sovetskii narod discourse, nation-building, and passport ethnicity, 1953–1983
7. Ethnic diversity and state-building in post-Soviet Russia: removal of ethnicity from the internal passport and its aftermath, 1992–2008
Part V. Conclusion: 8. Dynamics of persistence and change in ethnicity regimes.

Subject Areas: Political economy [KCP], International relations [JPS], Comparative politics [JPB]