Reduction and Unification in Natural Language Ontology

This Element investigates which ontological categories (such as individuals, properties, events, degrees, and kinds) are minimally required to provide a semantics for natural language.

Kristina Liefke (Author)

9781009559645, Cambridge University Press

Hardback, published 16 January 2025

86 pages
22.9 x 15.2 x 0.6 cm, 0.265 kg

Semantic theories for natural language assume many different kinds of objects, including (among many others) individuals, properties, events, degrees, and kinds. Formal type-theoretic semantics tames this 'zoo' of objects by assuming only a small number of ontologically primitive categories and by obtaining the objects of all other categories through constructions out of these primitives. This Element surveys arguments for this reduction of semantic categories. It compares the ontological commitments of different such reductions and establishes relations between competing foundational semantic ontologies. In doing so, it yields insights into the requirements on minimal semantic ontologies for natural language and the challenges for semantic ontology engineering.

1. Introduction
2. Descriptive Natural Language Ontology
3. Merits of Typing Ontologies
4. Type Theory Basics
5. Typing Montague's Ontology
6. Typing Larger Ontologies
7. Type Uni_cation and Meta-Ontology
8. Conclusion
References.

Subject Areas: Semantics, discourse analysis, etc [CFG]