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Protocols for Predictable Aesthetic Dental Restorations
Irfan Ahmad (Author)
9781405118200, Wiley
Paperback / softback, published 3 March 2006
240 pages
24.6 x 19.1 x 1.3 cm, 0.572 kg
Aesthetic dentistry has become increasingly important to dentists and their patients. This book is designed as a springboard to assist clinicians in developing the aesthetic potential of restorative procedures. The book marries evidence-based principles with handy hints and tips the author has distilled from years of clinical experience. This combination of scientific principles with ‘real world’ practice will boost the confidence of budding aesthetic practitioners and clinical dental students. The book focuses on the principles of aesthetic work across the dentist's repertoire, rather than concentrating on one particular technique. For this reason, it will add value to the range of daily restorative work in the dental surgery.
Dedication viii Foreword by Ronald E. Goldstein ix Preface xi 1 Treatment planning – assessment, planning and treatment 1 Assessment 1 Planning 3 Diagnosis 3 Risk assessment 3 Evidence-based decision making and treatment 6 Presenting treatment plan proposals to the patient 9 Treatment 11 Clinical case study 12 Assessment 12 Planning 13 Treatment 16 2 The health, function and aesthetic triad 21 Health 21 The periodontium 22 Restorative implications 29 Implants 29 Function 30 Occlusion 30 Phonetics 36 Aesthetics 37 Facial composition 38 Dentofacial composition 41 Dental composition 45 Gingival composition 48 3 Choice of all-ceramic systems 55 Scientific rationale 55 Rationale for all-ceramic restorations 55 Physical and mechanical properties of ceramic 58 Uni-layer and bi-layer all-ceramic systems 58 Aetiology of fractures 59 Dental ceramics 60 Silica-based ceramics 61 Alumina-based ceramics 65 Zirconia-based ceramics 68 Longevity 69 Metal–ceramic 69 Dicor and Cerestore 70 IPS-Empress 1 70 In-Ceram Alumina 70 Procera 70 Ceramic bridges (FPDs) 70 Clinical practice 73 4 Colour and shade analysis 77 Scientific rationale 77 The stimulus for colour 78 The illuminant 78 The object 79 Sensation (the detector) 81 Synopsis of the stimulus for colour 83 Perception 83 Tooth colour determination 85 Physical variables 85 Physiological variables 86 Psychological variables 86 Dental variables 87 Other optical variables influencing colour 89 Shade guides 90 Types of shade guide 91 Limitations of shade guides 93 Instrumental assessment 93 Spectrophotometer 94 Colorimeter 94 Digital camera and red, green, blue (RGB) devices 94 Clinical practice 94 Ocular shade assessment 95 Instrumental shade assessment 96 5 Foundations and intra-radicular support 98 Introduction 98 Vital teeth – scientific rationale 98 Vital teeth 98 Retention 99 Vital teeth – clinical practice 102 Pre-assessment for cores on vital teeth 102 Radiographic evaluation 102 Intra-oral evaluation 102 Clinical sequalae for cores on vital teeth 102 Non-vital teeth – scientific rationale 103 Post materials 103 Casting alloys 103 Prefabricated metal 103 Ceramics 104 Fibre 104 Criteria for intra-radicular post selection 106 Coronal dentine and the ferrule effect 106 Tapered vs. parallel 106 Smooth vs. serrated 107 Passive vs. active 107 Direct vs. indirect technique 107 Single- vs. multi-rooted teeth 109 Choice of luting agents 109 Aesthetics 110 Types of cores 113 Modes of failure 114 Loss of retention 115 Post fractures 115 Root fractures 116 Pre-post placement assessment 117 Endodontic factors 117 Periodontal factors 117 Choice of definitive restoration 118 Remaining coronal dentine 118 Tooth location 118 Summary 118 Non-vital teeth – clinical practice 118 6 Tooth preparation 125 Scientific rationale 125 Reasons for extra-coronal restorations 125 Biologic width 127 Margin location 128 Margin geometry 130 Preparation design 131 Maintenance of dental hard tissue integrity 133 Cutting efficiency 135 Clinical practice 135 Anterior tooth preparation 135 Assessment 136 Planning 136 Treatment 137 Posterior tooth preparation 140 Assessment 140 Planning 140 Treatment 141 7 Therapeutic temporary restorations 145 Introduction 145 Scientific rationale 145 Health 145 Function 147 Aesthetics 147 Biocompatibility 151 Strength 151 Palliative 151 Marginal integrity 152 Preventing plaque accumulation 153 Chromatic stability 155 Handling characteristics and ease of fabrication 155 Material selection 155 Polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA) 156 Polyvinyl ethylmethacrylate (PVEMA) 156 Bis-GMA resin 157 Bis-acryl resin composite 157 Urethane dimethacrylate (UDMA) resin 157 Clinical practice 157 Fabrication 157 Matrices 158 Existing anatomical form 158 Proposed anatomical form 158 Preformed metal and plastic crown forms 159 Techniques 159 Direct technique 160 Indirect technique 162 Direct–indirect technique 162 8 Biological impressions 165 Introduction 165 Scientific rationale 165 Secondary determinants 166 Stock vs. custom trays 166 Inter- vs. intra-arch 166 Closed vs. open tray 167 One vs. two stages 167 Passive vs. non-passive 168 Warm vs. cold environment 168 Manual vs. automated mixing 168 Physical vs. chemical gingival retraction 168 Impression materials 169 Primary determinant 172 Patient factors (risk assessment) 173 Operator factors 174 Clinical practice 177 Dental biological impressions 177 Gingival biological impressions 179 9 Try-in procedures 185 Clinical practice 186 Extra-oral evaluation 186 Inspection of restoration on trimmed die 187 Inspection of restoration on untrimmed die 188 Intra-oral evaluation 189 10 Cementation and dentine bonding agents 191 Scientific rationale 191 Types and properties of luting agents 191 Zinc oxide eugenol (ZOE) 191 Zinc phosphate (ZP) 192 Polycarboxylate (PC) 192 Glass ionomer (GI) 192 Resin-modified glass ionomer (RGI) 192 Dual-polymerisation resins (DR) 192 Self-adhesive, dual-polymerisation resins (SADR) 192 Self adhesive, auto-polymerisation resins (SAAR) 193 Ceramic primers (CP) 193 Efficacy of cementing agents 193 Adhesion 193 Occlusal stresses 194 Marginal integrity and leakage 195 Retention 196 Pre-treatment of abutment 197 Dentine bonding agents 197 Efficacy 201 Pre-treatment of intaglio surface 202 Clinical practice 203 Index 211
Subject Areas: Other branches of medicine [MM]
