Freshly Printed - allow 7 days lead
Couldn't load pickup availability
Polymer Morphology
Principles, Characterization, and Processing
Qipeng Guo (Author)
9781118452158, Wiley
Hardback, published 24 June 2016
464 pages
28.2 x 21.8 x 3.3 cm, 1.361 kg
With a focus on structure-property relationships, this book describes how polymer morphology affects properties and how scientists can modify them. The book covers structure development, theory, simulation, and processing; and discusses a broad range of techniques and methods. • Provides an up-to-date, comprehensive introduction to the principles and practices of polymer morphology
• Illustrates major structure types, such as semicrystalline morphology, surface-induced polymer crystallization, phase separation, self-assembly, deformation, and surface topography
• Covers a variety of polymers, such as homopolymers, block copolymers, polymer thin films, polymer blends, and polymer nanocomposites
• Discusses a broad range of advanced and novel techniques and methods, like x-ray diffraction, thermal analysis, and electron microscopy and their applications in the morphology of polymer materials
Preface xiii Part I Principles and Methods of Characterization 1 1 Overview and Prospects of Polymer Morphology 3 1.1 Introductory Remarks 3 2 X-ray Diffraction from Polymers 14 2.1 Introduction 14 3 Electron Microscopy of Polymers 37 3.1 Introduction 37 4 Characterization of Polymer Morphology by Scattering Techniques 54 4.1 Introduction 54 5 Differential Scanning Calorimetry of Polymers 72 5.1 Introduction to Differential Scanning Calorimetry. Basic Principles and Types of DSC Equipment 72 6 Imaging Polymer Morphology using Atomic Force Microscopy 100 6.1 Introduction 100 7 FTIR Imaging of Polymeric Materials 118 7.1 Introduction 118 8 NMR Analysis of Morphology and Structure of Polymers 131 8.1 Introduction 131 Part II Morphology Properties and Processing 151 9 Small-Angle X-ray Scattering for Morphological Analysis of Semicrystalline Polymers 153 9.1 Introduction 153 10 Crystalline Morphology of Homopolymers and Block Copolymers 165 10.1 Introduction 165 11 Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics of Polymers 181 11.1 Introduction 181 12 Surface-induced Polymer Crystallization 204 12.1 Introduction 204 13 Thermodynamics and Kinetics of Polymer Crystallization 242 13.1 Introduction 242 14 Self-Assembly and Morphology in Block Copolymer Systems with Specific Interactions 259 14.1 Introduction 259 15 Dynamics Simulations of Microphase Separation in Block Copolymers 283 15.1 Introduction 283 16 Morphology Control of Polymer thin Films 299 16.1 Wetting 299 17 Polymer Surface Topography and Nanomechanical Mapping 317 17.1 Introduction 317 18 Polymer Morphology and Deformation Behavior 335 18.1 Introduction 335 19 Morphology Development in Immiscible Polymer Blends 348 19.1 Introduction 348 20 Processing Structure and Morphology in Polymer Nanocomposites 374 20.1 Overview 374 21 Morphology and Gas Barrier Properties of Polymer Nanocomposites 397 21.1 Introduction 397 22 Features on the Development and Stability of Phase Morphology in Complex Multicomponent Polymeric Systems: Main Focus on Processing Aspects 418 22.1 Introduction 418 References 436
List of Contributors xv
Jerold M. Schultz
1.2 Experimental Avenues of Morphological Research 4
1.3 Modeling and Simulation 8
1.4 Wishful Thinking 11
1.5 Summary 11
N. Sanjeeva Murthy
2.2 Basic Principles 14
2.3 Instrumentation 16
2.4 Structure Determination 17
2.5 Phase Analysis 19
2.6 Crystallite Size and Disorder 21
2.7 Orientation Analysis 22
2.8 Small-Angle Scattering 25
2.9 Specialized Measurements 30
2.10 Summary 33
Goerg H. Michler and Werner Lebek
3.2 Microscopic Techniques 37
3.3 Sample Preparation 47
3.4 In situ Microscopy 50
Jean-Michel Guenet
4.2 A Short Theoretical Presentation 55
4.3 Experimental Aspects 60
4.4 Typical Results 62
4.5 Concluding Remarks 69
Alejandro J. Müller and Rose Mary Michell
5.2 Detection of First-Order and Second-Order Transitions by DSC. Applications of Standard DSC Experiments to the Determination of the Glass Transition Temperature and the Melting Temperature of Polymeric Materials 74
5.3 Self-Nucleation 75
5.4 Thermal Fractionation 78
5.5 Multiphasic Materials: Polymer Blends and Block Copolymers. Fractionated Crystallization and Confinement Effects 81
5.6 Self-Nucleation and the Efficiency Scale to Evaluate Nucleation Power 91
5.7 Determination of Overall Isothermal Crystallization by DSC 95
5.8 Conclusions 95
Holger Schönherr
6.2 Fundamental AFM Techniques 101
6.3 Imaging of Polymer Morphology 107
6.4 Property Mapping 113
S. G. Kazarian and K. L. A. Chan
7.2 Principles of FTIR Imaging 118
7.3 Sampling Methods 120
7.4 Spatial Resolution 122
7.5 Recent Applications 124
7.6 Conclusions 127
Takeshi Yamanobe and Hiroki Uehara
8.2 Basic Concepts in NMR 131
8.3 Morphology and Relaxation Behavior of Polyethylene 134
8.4 Morphology and Structure of the Nascent Powders 137
8.5 Kinetics of Dynamic Process of Polymers 141
8.6 Conclusions 146
Anne Seidlitz and Thomas Thurn-Albrecht
9.2 Small-angle X-ray Scattering 153
9.3 Concluding Remarks 162
Shuichi Nojima and Hironori Marubayashi
10.2 Crystalline Morphology of Homopolymers 165
10.3 Crystalline Morphology of Block Copolymers 171
10.4 Concluding Remarks 176
Alejandro J. Müller Rose Mary Michell and Arnaldo T. Lorenzo
11.2 Crystallization Process 182
11.3 Crystallization Kinetics 182
11.4 Isothermal Crystallization Kinetics–Morphology Relationship 191
11.5 Conclusions 201
Xiaoli Sun and Shouke Yan
12.2 Influence of Foreign Surface on the Crystallization Kinetics of Polymers 205
12.3 Influence of Foreign Surface on the Crystal Structure and Morphology of Polymers 205
12.4 Bulk Crystallization of Polymers in Contact with a Foreign Surface 226
12.5 Summary 234
Wenbing Hu and Liyun Zha
13.2 Thermodynamics of Polymer Crystallization 242
13.3 Crystal Nucleation 247
13.4 Crystal Growth 251
13.5 Crystal Annealing 254
13.6 Summary 255
Anbazhagan Palanisamy and Qipeng Guo
14.2 Block Copolymer Systems with Hydrogen Bonding Interaction in Solid State 260
14.3 Block Copolymer Systems with Hydrogen-Bonding Interaction in Solution 268
14.4 Block Copolymer Systems with Ionic Interaction 275
14.5 Block Copolymer Blends via Metal–Ligand Coordination Bonds 278
14.6 Concluding Remarks 278
Xuehao He Xuejin Li Peng Chen and Haojun Liang
15.2 Polymer Model and Simulation Algorithm 284
15.3 Dynamics of Self-Assembly of Block Copolymers 287
15.4 Outlook 294
Jiangang Liu Xinhong Yu Longjian Xue and Yanchun Han
16.2 Thin Film of Polymer Blend 304
16.3 The Introduction of Polymer Blend Film in Solar Cells 307
16.3.4 Construct the Relationship Between Film Morphology and Device Performance 312
16.4 Summary and Outlook 313
Hao Liu So Fujinami Dong Wang Ken Nakajima and Toshio Nishi
17.2 Contact Mechanics 317
17.3 Application of Contact Mechanics to Experimental Data 321
17.4 Application Examples 323
17.5 Conclusion 331
Masanori Hara
18.2 Deformation Behavior of Amorphous Polymers 336
18.3 Deformation Behavior of Semicrystalline Polymers 339
18.4 Deformation Behavior of Block Copolymers 342
18.5 Conclusions and Outlook 345
Ruth Cardinaels and Paula Moldenaers
19.2 Morphology Development in Bulk Flow 350
19.3 Recent Advances in Polymer Blends 363
19.4 Conclusions 367
Duraccio Donatella Clara Silvestre Sossio Cimmino Antonella Marra and Marilena Pezzuto
20.2 Nanoparticles with One Dimension Less Than 100 nm (Layered Silicates) 375
20.3 Nanoparticles with Two Dimensions Less Than 100 nm (Carbon Nanotubes) 377
20.4 Nanoparticles with Three Dimensions Less Than 100 nm (Metal Metal Oxide) 380
20.5 Preparative Methods 382
20.6 Structure and Morphology of Polymer Nanocomposites 385
20.7 Concluding Remarks 388
Abbas Ghanbari Marie-Claude Heuzey Pierre J. Carreau and Minh-Tan Ton-That
21.2 Structure of Layered Silicates 397
21.3 Morphologies of Polymer-Layered Silicate Composites 398
21.4 Nanocomposite Preparation Methods 398
21.5 Challenges of Thermal Degradation in Melt Intercalation 400
21.6 Methods for Improving Gas Barrier Properties of Polymers 403
21.7 Polyamide Nanocomposites 405
21.8 Polyolefin Nanocomposites 405
21.9 Pet Nanocomposites 406
21.10 Polylactide Nanocomposites 413
21.11 Conclusions and Perspectives 414
Charef Harrats Maria-Beatrice Coltelli and Gabriel Groeninckx
22.2 Phase Morphology Development in Polymer Blends 419
22.3 Melt Processing of Polymer Blends 423
22.4 Chemistry Involved in Polymer Blends 426
Index 439
Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
