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Particulate Gravity Currents
Theory, Experiments, and Environmental Applications

Benjamin Kneller (Edited by), Kneller (Author), Eckart Meiburg (Edited by), Bernhard Vowinckel (Edited by), Zhiguo He (Edited by)

9781394216697, Wiley

Hardback, published 6 November 2025

288 pages
28.2 x 22.6 x 3.6 cm, 1.021 kg

Exploring the properties, behavior, and dynamics of particulate gravity currents

Particulate gravity currents involve the movement of mixtures of particles and fluid under the influence of gravity. Examples in the natural environment include snow avalanches, pyroclastic flows, and seafloor turbidity currents. Understanding how particles move, mix, stratify, and settle has applications such as hazard mitigation and pollution management.

Particulate Gravity Currents: Theory, Experiments, and Environmental Applications presents experimental, numerical, and field studies of particulate gravity currents, offering new insights into their properties, behavior, and dynamics.

Volume highlights include:

  • Explorations of cohesive and non-cohesive sediment and transport
  • Applications of theoretical understanding to real-world subaerial and subaqueous processes
  • Studies using the latest techniques, including 3D numerical simulation
  • Broader relevance beyond the natural environment to other types of particulate and non-particulate gravity currents

List of contributors vii

Preface xi

Part I Nature and Behavior of Gravity Currents

1 A Review of Entrainment Into Gravity Currents Moving on a Horizontal Surface 3
Andrew W. Woods

2 Particle-laden Gravity Currents: The Lock-release Slumping Regime at the Laboratory Scale 15
Cyril Gadal, Jean Schneider, Cyrille Bonamy, Julien Chauchat, Yvan Dossmann, Sebastien Kiesgen de Richter, Matthieu J. Mercier, Florence Naaim-Bouvet, Marie Rastello, and Laurent Lacaze

3 A Comprehensive Understanding of the Structure and Dynamics of Channelized Turbidity Currents 31
Sivaramkrishnan Balachandar, Jorge Salinas, Santiago L. Zúñiga, and Mariano I. Cantero

4 Sedimentation of a High Alpine Hydropower Reservoir Under Climate Change: What Will Disappear First, the Glacier or the Reservoir? 49
Giovanni De Cesare

Part II Behavior of Flows Into Stratified Ambient Fluid

5 Dynamics of Gravity Currents in Stratified Environments 69
Zhiguo He, Samuel Ukpong Okon, Liang Zhao, and Rui Zhu

6 On the Equivalence of Top and Bottom Gravity Currents in a Linearly Stratified Channel: A Review and Extension of Data Processing and Prediction Theory 89
Tanmay Agrawal, Marius Ungarish, and Vamsi Chalamalla

Part III Behavior of Flows at Boundaries

7 Gravity Currents Generated by Surface Cooling Over an Inclined Surface 105
Kyoungsik Chang and George Constantinescu

8 Impacts of Rough-permeable Beds on Turbulent Structures of Gravity Currents 123
Dongrui Han, Ying-Tien Lin, Yakun Guo, and Zhiguo He

Part IV Behavior of Cohesive Sediment

9 Analysis of Simulation Data for Cohesive Sediment Flocculation Using a Population Balance Model 145
Henri Busch, Alexander Metelkin, Kunpeng Zhao, Jorge A. Penaloza-Giraldo, Eckart Meiburg, Tian-Jian Hsu, and Bernhard Vowinckel

10 The Role of Cohesion in Turbulent Sediment Transport Processes 155
Kunpeng Zhao, Shuaiqi Zhao, Han Huang, Bernhard Vowinckel, Bofeng Bai, and Eckart Meiburg

11 Using Mixed-clay Sediment Gravity Flow Rheology as an Indicator for Flow Velocity and Runout Distance 163
Megan L. Baker, Jaco H. Baas, Jonathan Malarkey, and Ricardo Silva Jacinto

Part V Transport of Noncohesive Sediment

12 Rheology of Bedload Transport 187
Pascale Aussillous, Bernhard Vowinckel, Élisabeth Guazzelli, Franco Tapia, and Eckart Meiburg

13 Grain-Size Distribution of Cyclic Steps Formed by Multisurge Turbidity Currents in an Experimental Flume: An Example of Downstream Coarsening 197
Miwa Yokokawa, Ren Nagano, Kazuma Matsunami, and Atsuki Fukuoka

Part VI Behavior of Pyroclastic Density Currents

14 Transient Dynamics in Particle-laden Density Currents: Insights Into Dilute Pyroclastic Density Current Runout 209
Eric C. P. Breard, Matteo Cerminara, Josef Dufek, and Sean O’Donnell

15 The Detachment of Pyroclastic Density Currents Behind Topographic Obstacles: A Large-scale Experimental Study 231
Lucas Corna, Jim Jones, Gert Lube, Ermanno Brosch, and Daniel Uhle

16 Spontaneous Unsteadiness and Sorting in Pyroclastic Density Currents and Their Deposits 249
Pete Rowley, Rebecca Williams, Matthew Johnson, Thomas Johnston, Natasha Dowey, Daniel Parsons, Alison Provost, Olivier Roche, Gregory Smith, and Nemi Walding

Index 267

Subject Areas: Earth sciences [RB]
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