Introduction xxi
Joan V. Gallos

About the Editor xxix

Part One: The OD Field: Setting the Context, Understanding the Legacy 1
Editor’s Interlude

Historical Roots

1 What Is Organization Development? 3
Richard Beckhard

2 Where Did OD Come From? 13
W. Warner Burke

Evolution of the Field

3 Revolutions in OD: The New and the New, New Things 39
Philip H. Mirvis

Theory Versus Practice

4 Theories and Practices of Organizational Development 89
John R. Austin and Jean M. Bartunek

Part Two: The OD Core: Understanding and Managing Planned Change 129
Editor’s Interlude

Understanding Planned Change

5 Kurt Lewin and the Planned Approach to Change: A Reappraisal 133
Bernard Burnes

Intervention Theory

6 Effective Intervention Activity 158
Chris Argyris

Action Technologies

7 Action Research: Rethinking Lewin 185
Linda Dickens and Karen Watkins

8 Action Learning and Action Science: Are They Different? 202
Joseph A. Raelin

Appreciative Inquiry

9 Toward a Theory of Positive Organizational Change 223
David L. Cooperrider and Leslie E. Sekerka

Models of Change

10 Leading Change: Why Transformation Efforts Fail 239
John P. Kotter

11 The Congruence Model of Change 252
David A. Nadler

Part Three: The OD Process: Diagnosis, Intervention, and Levels of Engagement 263
Editor’s Interlude

Individual

12 Teaching Smart People How to Learn 267
Chris Argyris

Small Group

13 Facilitative Process Interventions: Task Processes in Groups 286
Edgar H. Schein

Large Group

14 Large Group Interventions and Dynamics 309
Barbara Bunker and Billie Alban

Intergroup

15 Understanding the Power of Position: A Diagnostic Model 322
Michael J. Sales

Organization

16 Reframing Complexity: A Four-Dimensional Approach to Organizational Diagnosis, Development, and Change 344
Joan V. Gallos

Part Four: OD Consulting: Leading Change from the Outside 363
Editor’s Interlude

Consulting Process

17 Masterful Consulting 365
Keith Merron

Consulting Phases and Tasks

18 Flawless Consulting 385
Peter Block

Contracting

19 The Organization Development Contract 397
Marvin Weisbord

Facilitation

20 The Facilitator and Other Facilitative Roles 409
Roger Schwarz

Coaching

21 The Right Coach 433
Howard Morgan, Phil Harkins, Marshall Goldsmith

Part Five: OD Leadership: Fostering Change from the Inside 445
Editor’s Interlude

Understanding Options and Challenges

22 Reframing Change: Training, Realigning, Negotiating, Grieving, and Moving On 447
Lee G. Bolman and Terrence E. Deal

Leading as the Internal Consultant

23 What Constitutes an Effective Internal Consultant? 470
Alan Weiss

Leading as the Boss

24 Reversing the Lens: Dealing with Different Styles When You Are the Boss 485
Gene Boccialetti

Leading the Boss

25 Relations with Superiors: The Challenge of “Managing” a Boss 501
John Kotter

Building Support

26 Enlist Others 518
James Kouzes and Barry Posner

Part Six: OD Focus: Organizational Intervention Targets 541
Editor’s Interlude

Strategy

27 Business Strategy: Creating the Winning Formula 545
Edward E. Lawler

Organizational Design

28 Matching Strategy and Structure 565
Jay Galbraith

Structure of Work

29 Designing Work: Structure and Process for Learning and Self-Control 583
Marvin Weisbord

Workspace Design

30 Making It Happen: Turning Workplace Vision into Reality 602
Franklin Becker and Fritz Steele

Culture

31 So How Can You Assess Your Corporate Culture? 614
Edgar H. Schein

Workforce Development

32 What Makes People Effective? 634
Edward E. Lawler

Team Development

33 What Makes a Team Effective or Ineffective? 656
Glenn M. Parker

Leadership Development

34 Developing the Individual Leader 681
Jay Conger and Beth Benjamin

Part Seven: OD Purpose and Possibilities: Seeing the Forest for the Trees 705
Editor’s Interlude

Fostering Mission and Commitment

35 Creating a Community of Leaders 709
Phillip H. Mirvis and Louis “Tex” Gunning

Integrating Systems

36 Designing High-Performance Work Systems: Organizing People, Work, Technology, and Information 730
David A. Nadler and Marc S. Gerstein

Utilizing Diversity

37 Diversity as Strategy 748
David A. Thomas

Creating Learning Organizations

38 The Leader’s New Work: Building Learning Organizations 765
Peter M. Senge

Creating Humane Organizations

39 Compassion in Organizational Life 793
Jason M. Kanov, Sally Maitlis, Monica C. Worline, Jane E. Dutton, Peter J. Frost, Jacoba M. Lilius

Fostering Growth and Development

40 Generating Simultaneous Personal, Team, and Organization Development 813
William R. Torbert

Part Eight: OD and the Future: Embracing Change and New Directions 829
Editor’s Interlude

Changes in the Field

Practitioner Perspective

41 Emerging Directions: Is There a New OD? 833
Robert J. Marshak

Scholarly Perspective

42 The Future of OD? 842
David L. Bradford and W. Warner Burke

Changes in the External Environment

The Digital Revolution

43 From Cells to Communities: Deconstructing and Reconstructing the Organization 858
Rosabeth Moss Kanter

Globalization

44 Actions for Global Learners, Launchers, and Leaders 888
Ron Ashkenas, Dave Ulrich, Todd Jick, Steve Kerr

Knowledge Management

45 Knowledge-Worker Productivity: The Biggest Challenge 914
Peter F. Drucker

Sustainability and the Environment

46 Beyond Greening: Strategies for a Sustainable World 934
Stuart L. Hart

Organizational Values

47 The Healthy Organization 950
Richard Beckhard

References 953

Name Index 1021

Subject Index 1035