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Organic Electroluminescence
From Molecular Structure to Device Performance
Qisheng Zhang (Edited by), Zhang (Author), Le Zhang (Edited by)
9781119694113, Wiley
Hardback, published 3 July 2025
464 pages
28 x 19 x 2.9 cm, 1.134 kg
Unique reference on the fundamentals, applications, and latest research in electroluminescence of organic molecules Organic Electroluminescence provides a comprehensive overview of organic electroluminescent materials from their structure-property relationships to the outlook of improved device performance. Divided into three parts, the first section of the book covers fundamental aspects of OLEDs such as history, structures, properties, and operating and aging mechanisms. The second section provides quantum chemical and experimental insights into correlations between device performance, material characteristics, molecular physical parameters, and molecular structure. The last section is devoted to improving device performance in real world applications using molecular and device simulations. Featuring contributions from experts from around the world, Organic Electroluminescence discusses sample topics including: Organic Electroluminescence delivers advanced information for professionals seeking a thorough reference on the subject and for students learning about OLEDs.
List of Contributors ix Preface xiii 1 Fundamentals of Organic Light-Emitting Diode 1 1.1 Brief History 1 1.2 Characterization and Measurements 3 1.3 OLED Materials 13 1.4 Device Structures 23 1.5 OLED Applications 33 1.6 Summary and Outlook 40 Acknowledgment 40 References 41 2 Fabrication Techniques from OLED Devices to Displays 53 2.1 Basic Fabrication Processes 54 2.2 OLED Display Architecture 60 2.3 Main Fabrication Processes of OLED Displays 66 2.4 Summary and Outlook 70 Acknowledgment 70 References 70 3 Physical Processes in OLEDs 73 3.1 Introduction 73 3.2 Charge Injection and Transport 73 3.3 Exciton Generation and Decay 82 3.4 Energy Transfer 88 3.5 Exciton–Exciton and Exciton–Polaron Annihilation 94 3.6 Molecular Self-Aggregation and Diffusion 100 References 118 4 Chemical Reactions in Organic Light-Emitting Diodes 121 4.1 Water and Oxygen Molecule-Induced Chemical Reaction 122 4.2 Electrochemical Reactions 125 4.3 Photochemical Reactions 136 4.4 Summary and Outlooks 142 Acknowledgment 143 References 143 5 Physical and Chemical Properties of Organic Semiconductors in Solutions and Thin Films 147 5.1 Photophysical Properties 147 5.2 Thermal Stability 157 5.3 Molecular Stability in Excited States 163 5.4 Molecular Stability in Charged States 172 5.5 Concluding Remarks 179 Acknowledgment 180 References 180 6 Basic Physical Parameters of Single Emitting Molecules 189 6.1 Introduction 189 6.2 Dipole Moment 189 6.3 Zero–Zero Energy of Low-Lying Excited States 193 6.4 Radiative Transition Rate 202 6.5 Internal Conversion Rate 208 6.6 ISC Rate 214 6.7 IP and EA 217 Acknowledgment 223 References 223 7 Molecular Interactions in Organic Semiconductor Thin Films 227 7.1 Introduction 227 7.2 Bimolecular Processes 227 7.3 Photophysical Properties of Solid Films 238 7.4 Intermolecular Interaction-Controlled IP and EA 252 References 259 8 Quantum–Chemical Insight into Electronic Excitation 263 8.1 Geometric and Electronic Configurations 263 8.2 Transitions between States 273 8.3 Vibrational Spectroscopy 280 8.4 Excimers and Exciplexes 283 8.5 Exciton Diffusion 288 References 290 9 Single Molecule Simulation 293 9.1 An Introduction to Common Quantum Chemistry Calculation Methods 293 9.2 Geometric and Electronic Structures of Ground, Oxidation, Reduction, and Excited States 300 9.3 Decay of the Excited State 314 9.4 Bond Dissociation Energy 328 Acknowledgments 332 References 332 10 Condensed-Matter Simulation 337 10.1 Introduction 337 10.2 Energy Levels of Dimer 339 10.3 Bimolecular Arrangement 340 10.4 Molecular Orientation 344 10.5 Solid-State Solvation 347 10.6 Charge-Carrier Mobility 359 10.7 Summaries and Outlook 363 Acknowledgments 364 References 364 11 Studies of OLED Device Performance Using Kinetic Monte Carlo Simulations 377 11.1 Introduction 377 11.2 Simulation Method 380 11.3 KMC Simulation Studies of the Charge Carrier Mobility 386 11.4 Relationships Between Mechanistic and Phenomenological Simulation Parameters 391 11.5 Methods for Obtaining the Input Parameters 396 11.6 Application Example 399 11.7 Concluding Remarks 405 Acknowledgments 405 References 406 12 Optical Simulation and Optimization of OLEDs 413 12.1 Introduction 413 12.2 Optical Theories of OLEDs 414 12.3 Optical Optimization of OLEDs 421 12.4 Optical Simulation of TDMs 426 12.5 Optical Simulation of an AMOLED Display 429 12.6 Summary and Outlook 430 Acknowledgments 431 References 431 Index 435
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Subject Areas: Mechanical engineering & materials [TG]
