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Noise in High-Frequency Circuits and Oscillators
Burkhard Schiek (Author), Ilona Rolfes (Author), Heinz-Jürgen Siweris (Author)
9780471706076, Wiley
Hardback, published 21 July 2006
424 pages, Drawings: 0 B&W, 0 Color
23.8 x 16.4 x 3.5 cm, 0.821 kg
"…a complete and organized document where [the reader will] find well-structured and in depth material on electrical noise in high-frequency circuits." (IEEE Circuits & Devices Magazine, November/December 2006)
A classroom-tested book addressing key issues of electrical noise This book examines noise phenomena in linear and nonlinear high-frequency circuits from both qualitative and quantitative perspectives. The authors explore important noise mechanisms using equivalent sources and analytical and numerical methods. Readers learn how to manage electrical noise to improve the sensitivity and resolution of communication, navigation, measurement, and other electronic systems. Noise in High-Frequency Circuits and Oscillators has its origins in a university course taught by the authors. As a result, it is thoroughly classroom-tested and carefully structured to facilitate learning. Readers are given a solid foundation in the basics that allows them to proceed to more advanced and sophisticated themes such as computer-aided noise simulation of high-frequency circuits. Following a discussion of mathematical and system-oriented fundamentals, the book covers: Each chapter contains a set of numerical and analytical problems that enable readers to apply their newfound knowledge to real-world problems. Solutions are provided in the appendices. With their many years of classroom experience, the authors have designed a book that is ideal for graduate students in engineering and physics. It also addresses key issues and points to solutions for engineers working in the burgeoning satellite and wireless communications industries.
Preface xi 1 Mathematical and System-oriented Fundamentals 1 2 Noise of Linear One- and Two-Ports 29 3 Measurement of Noise Parameters 73 4 Noise of Diodes and Transistors 127 5 Parametric Circuits 163 6 Noise in Non-linear Circuits 207 7 Noise in Oscillators 235 8 Quantization Noise 287 Appendix A Solutions to the problems of Chapter 1 305 References 405
1.1 Introduction 2
1.2 Mathematical basics for the description of noise signals 4
1.3 Transfer of noise signals by linear networks 20
2.1 Noise of one-ports 30
2.2 Noise of two-ports 39
2.3 Noise figure of linear two-ports 54
3.1 Measurement of noise power 75
3.2 Measurement of the correlation function and the cross-spectrum 88
3.3 Illustrative interpretation of the correlation 92
3.4 Measurement of the equivalent noise temperature of a one-port 93
3.5 Special radiometer circuits 95
3.6 Measurement of the noise figure 113
3.7 Measurement of minimum noise figure and optimum source impedance 115
3.8 De-embedding of the noise parameters 123
3.9 Alternative determination of the noise temperature of a one-port 125
4.1 Shot noise 128
4.2 Shot noise of Schottky diodes 133
4.3 Shot noise of pn-diodes 137
4.4 Noise of PIK diodes 137
4.5 Noise equivalent circuits of bipolar transistors 140
4.6 Noise of field effect transistors 146
5.1 Parametric theory 163
5.2 Down converters with Schottky diodes 166
5.3 Mixer circuits 172
5.4 Noise equivalent circuit of pumped Schottky diodes 177
5.5 Noise figure of down-converters with Schottky diodes 184
5.6 Mixers with field effect transistors 186
5.7 Noise figure of down converters with field effect transistors 188
5.8 Harmonic mixers 189
5.9 Noise figure of harmonic mixers 194
5.10 Noise figure measurements of down converters 196
5.11 Noise figure of a parametric amplifier 196
5.12 Up-converters with varactors 205
6.1 Introduction 207
6.2 Problems with the noise characterization of non-linear two-ports 208
6.3 l/f-noise 209
6.4 Amplitude and phase noise 211
6.5 Normalized single sideband noise power density 216
6.6 Amplitude and phase noise of amplifiers 218
6.7 Transformation of amplitude and phase noise in linear two-ports 221
6.8 Amplitude and phase noise in non-linear two-ports 223
6.9 Measurement of the phase noise 230
7.1 Two-port and one-port oscillators 235
7.2 Oscillation condition 236
7.3 Noise analysis 238
7.4 Stability condition 242
7.5 Examples 243
7.6 Noise in phase-locked loop circuits 256
7.7 Measurement of the oscillator noise 262
7.8 Disturbing effects of oscillator noise 279
8.1 Quantization noise of analog-to-digital converters 287
8.2 Quantization noise of fractional divider phase locked loops 289
Appendix B Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 2 315
Appendix C Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 3 335
Appendix D Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 4 355
Appendix E Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 5 365
Appendix F Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 6 379
Appendix G Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 7 389
Appendix H Solutions to the Problems of Chapter 8 401
Index 408
Subject Areas: Electronics & communications engineering [TJ]
