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Invisible Enemy
The African American Freedom Struggle after 1965

“A remarkable scholarly work that illuminates why the struggle for equal rights did not achieve full racial equality. . . de Jong draws attention to the oppressive economic and political  forces that have yet to be overcome, even as Americans celebrate the dream of Martin Luther King, Jr.” 
Clayborne Carson, Founding director of the Martin Luther King, Jr. Research and Education Institute at Stanford University

“De Jong writes with passion and grace.  Her historically-grounded treatment of both racism and black Americans' self-directed struggles for justice make this study an invaluable guide to the complexities of race in contemporary society.”
William L. Van Deburg, author of New Day in Babylon: The Black Power Movement and American Culture, 1965-1975

Greta de Jong (Author)

9781405167185, Wiley

Paperback / softback, published 12 March 2010

256 pages
22.9 x 15.2 x 1.5 cm, 0.34 kg

"The book is an important contribution in understanding a still largely overlooked period of contemporary history. Highly recommended. All levels/libraries." (Choice , 1 April 2011)

"Even so, the thematic unity and clear elucidation of the nature and persistence of systemic racism in American society and of white Americans ' blindness to it makes the book a valuable study that should engage student audiences and the reading public." (Journal of American History, 1 March 2011)

This highly accessible account of the evolution of American racism outlines how 'colorblind' approaches to discrimination ensured the perpetuation of racial inequality in the United States well beyond the 1960s.

  • A highly accessible account of the evolution of American racism, its perpetuation, and black people's struggles for equality in the post-civil rights era
  • Guides students to a better understanding of the experiences of black Americans and their ongoing struggles for justice, by highlighting the interconnectedness of African American history with that of the nation as a whole
  • Highlights the economic and political functions that racism has served throughout the nation's history
  • Discusses the continuation of the freedom movement beyond the 1960s to provide a comprehensive new historiography of racial equality and social justice

Acknowledgments vi

Introduction 1

1 The Never Ending Story: American Racism from Slavery to the Civil Rights Movement 7

2 From the Freedom Movement to Free Markets: Racializing the War on Poverty and Colorblinding Jim Crow 30

3 A System without Signs: The Invisible Racism of the Post-Civil Rights Era 53

4 Fighting Jim Crow’s Shadow: Struggles for Racial Equality after 1965 76

5 To See or Not to See: Debates over Affirmative Action 100

6 Is This America? Electoral Politics after the Voting Rights Act 124

7 Fir$t Cla$$ Citizen$hip: Struggles for Economic Justice 147

8 All Around the World: The Freedom Struggle in a Global Context 169

Notes 194

Index 230

Subject Areas: History [HB]
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