Glacially-Triggered Faulting

A comprehensive overview of glacially triggered faulting summarising theory, methods and modelling, and listing confirmed and proposed glacially induced faults.

Holger Steffen (Edited by), Odleiv Olesen (Edited by), Raimo Sutinen (Edited by)

9781108490023, Cambridge University Press

Hardback, published 16 December 2021

460 pages
25 x 17.4 x 2.6 cm, 1.08 kg

Glacially triggered faulting describes movement of pre-existing faults caused by a combination of tectonic and glacially induced isostatic stresses. The most impressive fault-scarps are found in northern Europe, assumed to be reactivated at the end of the deglaciation. This view has been challenged as new faults have been discovered globally with advanced techniques such as LiDAR, and fault activity dating has shown several phases of reactivation thousands of years after deglaciation ended. This book summarizes the current state-of-the-art research in glacially triggered faulting, discussing the theoretical aspects that explain the presence of glacially induced structures and reviews the geological, geophysical, geodetic and geomorphological investigation methods. Written by a team of international experts, it provides the first global overview of confirmed and proposed glacially induced faults, and provides an outline for modelling these stresses and features. It is a go-to reference for geoscientists and engineers interested in ice sheet-solid Earth interaction.

Part I. Introduction: 1. Glacially-Triggered Faulting – A Historical Overview and Recent Developments H. Steffen, O. Olesen and R. Sutinen
2. Geomechanics of Glacially-Triggered Faulting R. Steffen, P. Wu and B. Lund
Part II. Methods and Techniques for Fault Identification and Dating: 3. Earthquake-Induced Landforms in the Context of Ice-Sheet Loading and Unloading P. B. E. Sandersen and R. Sutinen
4. The Challenge to Distinguish Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures (SSDS) Formed by Glaciotectonic, Periglacial and Seismic Processes in a Formerly Glaciated Area: A Review and Synthesis K. Müller, J. Winsemann, M. Pisarska-Jamro?y, T. Lege, T. Spies, and C. Brandes
5. Glacially Induced Fault Identification with LiDAR, Based on Examples from Finland J.-P. Palmu, A. Ojala, J. Mattila, M. Markovaara-Koivisto, T. Ruskeeniemi, R. Sutinen, T. Bauer and M. Keiding
6. Fault Identification from Seismology N. Gestermann and T. Plenefisch
7. Imaging and Characterization of Glacially Induced Faults Using Applied Geophysics R. Beckel, C. Juhlin, A. Malehmir and O. Ahmadi
8. Dating of Postglacial Faults in Fennoscandia C. A. Smith, A. Ojala, S. Grigull and H. Mikko
9. Proposed Drilling into Postglacial Faults: The Pärvie Fault System M. Ask, I. Kukkonen, O. Olesen, B. Lund, Å. Fagereng, J. Rutqvist, J.-E. Rosberg and H. Lorenz
Part III. Glacially Triggered Faulting in the Fennoscandian Shield: 10. Seismicity and Sources of Stress in Fennoscandia S. Gregersen, C. Lindholm, A. Korja, B. Lund, M. Uski, K. Oinonen, P. H. Voss and M. Keiding
11. Postglacial Faulting in Norway: Large Magnitude Earthquakes of the Late Holocene Age O. Olesen, L. Olsen, S. Gibbons, B. O. Ruud, F. Høgaas, T. A. Johansen and T. Kværna
12. Glacially Induced Faults in Sweden: The Rise and Reassessment of the Single-Rupture Hypothesis C. A. Smith, H. Mikko and S. Grigull
13. Glacially Induced Faults in Finland R. Sutinen, E. Hyvönen, M. Markovaara-Koivisto, M. Middleton, A. Ojala, J.-P. Palmu, T. Ruskeeniemi and J. Mattila
14. Late- and Postglacial Faults in the Russian Part of the Fennoscandian Shield S. Nikolaeva, A. Nikonov and S. Shvarev
Part IV. Glacially Triggered Faulting at the Edge and in the Periphery of the Fennoscandian Sheild: 15. Late– and Postglacial Faulting in Denmark P. B. E. Sandersen, S. Gregersen and P. Voss
16. Glacially Induced Faults in Germany K. Müller, J. Winsemann, D. Tanner, T. Lege, T. Spies and C. Brandes
17. Glacially Induced Faulting in Poland M. Pisarska-Jamro?y, P. P. Wozniak and T. van Loon
18. Soft-Sediment Deformation Structures in the Eastern Baltic Region: Implication in Seismicity and Glacially Triggered Faulting A. Bitinas, J. Lazauskien? and M. Pisarska-Jamro?y
Part V. Glacially Triggered Faulting Outside Europe: 19. The Search for Glacially Induced Faults in Eastern Canada J. Adams and G. Brooks
20. Glacially Induced Faulting in Alaska J. Sauber, C. Rollins, J. T. Freymueller and N. A. Ruppert
21. Indications on Glacially Triggered Faulting in Polar Areas H. Steffen and R. Steffen
Part VI. Modelling of Glacially Induced Faults and Stress: 22. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment Models for Earthquake Triggering P. Wu, R. Steffen, H. Steffen and B. Lund
23. Crustal-Scale Stress Modelling to Investigate Glacially Triggered Faulting S. Gradmann and R. Steffen
Part VII. Outlook: 24. Future Research on Glacially Triggered Faulting and Intraplate Seismicity O. Olesen, H. Steffen and R. Sutinen

Subject Areas: Marine engineering [TTS], Geodesy & surveying for maps & charts [RGY], Physical geography & topography [RGB], Geological surface processes [geomorphology RBGD], Volcanology & seismology [RBC], Geophysics [PHVG]