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Essentials of Parrot Medicine and Surgery

John Chitty (Edited by), JR Chitty (Author), Aidan Raftery (Edited by), Aidan Raftery (Author)

9781119290117, Wiley

Paperback / softback, published 2 July 2026

304 pages
25.2 x 20.3 x 1.5 cm, 0.726 kg

An accessible guide to parrot medicine for the general veterinary practitioner

Essentials of Parrot Medicine and Surgery is for veterinarians treating parrots in general practice. Designed as a quick reference, the book is applicable to the most commonly kept parrot species and covers essentials including anatomy, nutrition, history-taking, pathology and imaging. A range of surgical options are also presented by anatomical regions and include biopsy and anaesthesia.

Built on these principles, the authors also provide an entire section on differential diagnostics. Logically arranged by presenting signs such as regurgitation, feather disorders, dropped wings, lameness and parasites.

Readers will also find:

  • Differential diagnostic and problem-based approaches by presenting signs in the parrot
  • Information relevant to the non-specialist practitioner
  • Consideration of behavior, training, and behavioral diseases
  • Appendices including an avian formulary, summary tables of infectious diseases, toxins, and more

Essentials of Parrot Medicine and Surgery is authored by a team with decades of experience in avian and exotic practice and is a must-have for any veterinary practitioner seeking a handy reference. It will also serve as a refresher for educators and specialists in avian veterinary medicine.

List of Contributors x

Preface xi

Acknowledgements xii

Introduction xiii

1 Parrot Biology 1

1.1 Anatomy and Physiology 1
Mariah Harrington

1.2 Natural History of Parrots 10
Felipe Martinho

2 Diet and Husbandry 18

2.1 An Approach to Nutrition and Nutritional Disease in Pet Parrots 18
Brian Stockdale

2.2 Breeding and Rearing of Pet Parrots 31
John Chitty

2.3 Husbandry of Pet Parrots 34
John Chitty

3 Parrot Behaviour, Training and Behavioural Disease 37
John Chitty

4 Handling 46
Cheryl Ramsbottom

5 Transport 50
Cheryl Ramsbottom

6 Reception Skills 53
Cheryl Ramsbottom Copyrighted Material

7 Clinical Examination and History Taking 55
Aidan Raftery and Cheryl Ramsbottom

8 Therapeutics and Basic Techniques 65

8.1 Oral Dosing and Crop Tubing 65
Natalie Wissinck- Argilaga

8.2 Injection Techniques and Fluid Therapy 68
Lianne Foxall

8.3 Grooming Techniques 71
Natalie Wissinck- Argilaga

8.4 Microchip Placement 79
Natalie Wissinck- Argilaga

8.5 Leg Ring Placement and Removal 81
Natalie Wissinck- Argilaga

8.6 Nasal Flush 84
Aidan Raftery

8.7 Blood Feathers and Imping 86
Aidan Raftery

8.8 Air Sac Cannula/Tube 88
Zacharias Vougioukalos

9 Clinical Pathology and Faecal Examination 91

9.1 Clinical Pathology of Parrots 91
John Chitty

9.2 Parasitology 104
John Chitty

10 Euthanasia 107
John Chitty and Aidan Raftery

11 Post- mortem Examination 109
Charlotte li

12 Imaging 115

12.1 Radiography 115
Cristian Segura- Cortijos

12.2 Ultrasonography 122
Elisa Gonzalez

12.3 Advanced Imaging 125
John Chitty

13 Endoscopy 130
Aidan Raftery

14 Anaesthesia and Analgesia 135

14.1 General Anaesthesia 135
Aidan Raftery

14.2 Parrot Analgesia 141
John Chitty

15 Surgery 144

15.1 Principles of Avian Surgery 144
Aidan Raftery

15.2 Peri- operative Care 146
Aidan Raftery and Amy Shawcross

15.3 Surgery of the Skin 150
Aidan Raftery

15.4 Surgery of the Respiratory Tract 152

15.4.1 Rhinoliths 152
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.4.2 Surgery of Infraorbital Sinuses 154
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.4.3 Tracheal – Syringeal Obstruction 157
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.5.1 Caudal Coeliotomy 162
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.5.2 Coelomic (Abdominal) Hernias – Pseudohernias 170
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.6 Gastrointestinal Surgery 173
Aidan Raftery

15.7 Reproductive Surgery 176

15.7.1 Female Reproductive Tract Surgery 176
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.7.2 Male Reproductive Tract Surgery 181
Zacharias Vougioukalos

15.8 Cloacal Surgery 184
Rebecca Hindley

15.9 Fracture Repair Principals 188
Aidan Raftery

15.10 Biopsy Techniques 190
John Chitty

16 Hospitalisation and Nursing Care 192
Amy Shawcross

17 Problem- Based Approaches 195

17.1 The Fluffed Bird 195
John Chitty

17.2 The Thin Bird 198
John Chitty

17.3 Vomiting and Regurgitation 201
Cristian Segura- Cortijos

17.4 Loose or Abnormal Droppings 204
Lourdes Lavilla- Atienza

17.5 Seizures 208
Federica Fogli

17.6 Collapse 210
Federica Fogli

17.7 Coelomic Distension 212
John Chitty

17.8 Chronic Egg Laying and Egg Retention/Dystocia 215
Federica Fogli

17.9 Prolapse 218
Federica Fogli

17.10 Feather and Skin Disorders 221
John Chitty

17.11 Lumps 229
John Chitty

17.12 Lameness 232
John Chitty

17.13 Dropped Wings 236
John Chitty

17.14 Respiratory Changes Including Change in Voice 239
Lianne Foxall

17.15 Upper Respiratory Tract Disease and Nasal Discharge 244
Lianne Foxall

17.16 Eye Diseases 246
Lourdes Lavilla- Atienza

17.17 Parasites 252
John Chitty

Appendix A: Formulary of Commonly Used Drugs 257
John Chitty

Appendix B: Important Infectious Diseases of Parrots 263
John Chitty

Appendix C: Important Toxicoses in Pet Parrots 269
Federica Fogli

Appendix D: Typical Weights of Normal Parrots 273
John Chitty

Index 275

Subject Areas: Veterinary medicine [MZ]
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