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Engineering Acoustics
Noise and Vibration Control
Malcolm J. Crocker (Author), Jorge P. Arenas (Author)
9781118496428, Wiley
Hardback, published 13 January 2021
784 pages
25.7 x 21.1 x 3.6 cm, 1.52 kg
"This book is an excellent source of information for all those who want to learn or deepen their knowledge of acoustics and vibration engineering" "A much-needed textbook that is on par with the best noise control books." "To mention a particular highlight, Chapter 12 contains an introduction to the method of statistical energy analysis (SEA)"
—Michael Voerlander, The Journal of the Acoustical Society of America
—David Herrin, Noise Control Engr. J. 70 (6), November-December 2022
—Jens Blauert, International Journal of Acoustics and Vibration, Vol. 26, No. 2, 2021
ENGINEERING ACOUSTICS A masterful introduction to the theory of acoustics along with methods for the control of noise and vibration In Engineering Acoustics: Noise and Vibration Control, two experts in the field review the fundamentals of acoustics, noise, and vibration. The authors show how this theoretical work can be applied to real-world problems such as the control of noise and vibration in aircraft, automobiles and trucks, machinery, and road and rail vehicles. Engineering Acoustics: Noise and Vibration Control covers a wide range of topics. The sixteen chapters include the following: Readers, whether students, professional engineers, or community planners, will find numerous worked examples throughout the book, and useful references at the end of each chapter to support supplemental reading on specific topics. There is a detailed index and a glossary of terms in acoustics, noise, and vibration.
NOISE AND VIBRATION CONTROL
Series Preface xix Preface xxi Acknowledgements xxiii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Types of Noise and Vibration Signals 1 1.3 Frequency Analysis 3 1.4 Frequency Analysis Using Filters 10 1.5 Fast Fourier Transform Analysis 15 2 Vibration of Simple and Continuous Systems 19 2.1 Introduction 19 2.2 Simple Harmonic Motion 19 2.3 Vibrating Systems 23 2.4 Multi-Degree of Freedom Systems 30 2.5 Continuous Systems 38 3 Sound Generation and Propagation 49 3.1 Introduction 49 3.2 Wave Motion 49 3.3 Plane Sound Waves 50 3.4 Decibels and Levels 56 3.5 Three-dimensional Wave Equation 60 3.6 Sources of Sound 61 3.7 Sound Power of Sources 63 3.8 Sound Sources Above a Rigid Hard Surface 67 3.9 Directivity 68 3.10 Line Sources 71 3.11 Reflection, Refraction, Scattering, and Diffraction 72 3.12 Ray Acoustics 74 3.13 Energy Acoustics 75 3.14 Near Field, Far Field, Direct Field, and Reverberant Field 76 3.15 Room Equation 80 3.16 Sound Radiation From Idealized Structures 82 3.17 Standing Waves 85 3.18 Waveguides 91 3.19 Other Approaches 92 4 Human Hearing, Speech and Psychoacoustics 95 4.1 Introduction 95 4.2 Construction of Ear and Its Working 95 4.3 Subjective Response 99 4.4 Hearing Loss and Diseases (Disorders) 116 4.5 Speech Production 118 5 Effects of Noise, Vibration, and Shock on People 125 5.1 Introduction 125 5.2 Sleep Disturbance 125 5.3 Annoyance 126 5.4 Cardiovascular Effects 127 5.5 Cognitive Impairment 129 5.6 Infrasound, Low-Frequency Noise, and Ultrasound 130 5.7 Intense Noise and Hearing Loss 131 5.8 Occupational Noise Regulations 134 5.9 Hearing Protection 140 5.10 Effects of Vibration on People 144 5.11 Metrics to Evaluate Effects of Vibration and Shock on People 147 6 Description, Criteria, and Procedures Used to Determine Human Response to Noise and Vibration 155 6.1 Introduction 155 6.2 Loudness and Annoyance 155 6.3 Loudness and Loudness Level 156 6.4 Noisiness and Perceived Noise Level 157 6.5 Articulation Index and Speech Intelligibility Index 160 6.6 Speech Interference Level 161 6.7 Indoor Noise Criteria 162 6.8 Equivalent Continuous SPL 166 6.9 Sound Exposure Level 167 6.10 Day–Night Equivalent SPL 168 6.11 Percentile SPLs 170 6.12 Evaluation of Aircraft Noise 170 6.13 Evaluation of Traffic Noise 172 6.14 Evaluation of Community Noise 174 6.15 Human Response 175 6.16 Noise Criteria and Noise Regulations 180 6.17 Human Vibration Criteria 182 7 Noise and Vibration Transducers, Signal Processing, Analysis, and Measurements 189 7.1 Introduction 189 7.2 Typical Measurement Systems 189 7.3 Transducers 190 7.4 Noise Measurements 195 7.5 Vibration Measurements 202 7.6 Signal Analysis, Data Processing, and Specialized Noise And Vibration Measurements 211 8 Sound Intensity, Measurements and Determination of Sound Power, Noise Source Identification, and Transmission Loss 217 8.1 Introduction 217 8.2 Historical Developments in the Measurement of Sound Pressure and Sound Intensity 217 8.3 Theoretical Background 221 8.4 Characteristics of Sound Fields 223 8.5 Active and Reactive Sound Fields 228 8.6 Measurement of Sound Intensity 232 8.7 Applications 253 8.8 Comparison Between Sound Power Measurements Using Sound Intensity and Sound Pressure Methods 275 8.9 Standards for Sound Intensity Measurements 280 9 Principles of Noise and Vibration Control 287 9.1 Introduction 287 9.2 Systematic Approach to Noise Problems 287 9.3 Use of Vibration Isolators 290 9.4 Use of Damping Materials 296 9.5 Use of Sound Absorption 300 9.6 Acoustical Enclosures 319 9.7 Use of Barriers 330 9.8 Active Noise and Vibration Control 339 10 Mufflers and Silencers – Absorbent and Reactive Types 351 10.1 Introduction 351 10.2 Muffler Classification 351 10.3 Definitions of Muffler Performance 352 10.4 Reactive Mufflers 352 10.5 Historical Development of Reactive Muffler Theories 354 10.6 Classical Reactive Muffler Theory 358 10.7 Exhaust System Modeling 374 10.8 Tail Pipe Radiation Impedance, Source Impedance and Source Strength 377 10.9 Numerical Modeling of Muffler Acoustical Performance 380 10.10 Reactive Muffler IL 403 10.11 Measurements of Source Impedance 403 10.12 Dissipative Mufflers and Lined Ducts 406 10.13 Historical Development of Dissipative Mufflers and Lined Duct Theories 406 10.14 Parallel-Baffle Mufflers 407 11 Noise and Vibration Control of Machines 427 11.1 Introduction 427 11.2 Machine Element Noise and Vibration Sources and Control 427 11.3 Built-up Machines 443 11.4 Noise Due to Fluid Flow 454 11.5 Noise Control of Industrial Production Machinery 459 12 Noise and Vibration Control in Buildings 465 12.1 Introduction 465 12.2 Sound Transmission Theory for Single Panels 466 12.3 Sound Transmission for Double and Multiple Panels 476 12.4 Sound and Vibration Transmission and Structural Response Using Statistical Energy Analysis (SEA) 484 12.5 Transmission Through Composite Walls 508 12.6 Effects of Leaks and Flanking Transmission 511 12.7 Sound Transmission Measurement Techniques 514 12.8 Single-Number Ratings for Partitions 520 12.9 Impact Sound Transmission 523 12.10 Measured Airborne and Impact Sound Transmission (Insulation) Data 527 12.11 Sound Insulation Requirements 534 12.12 Control of Vibration of Buildings Caused by Strong Wind 541 13 Design of Air-conditioning Systems for Noise and Vibration Control 557 13.1 Introduction 557 13.2 Interior Noise Level Design Criteria 558 13.3 General Features of a Ventilation System 558 13.4 Fan Noise 565 13.5 Space Planning 581 13.6 Mechanical Room Noise and Vibration Control 583 13.7 Sound Attenuation in Ventilation Systems 598 13.8 Sound Generation in Mechanical Systems 614 13.9 Radiated Noise 621 14 Surface Transportation Noise and Vibration Sources and Control 633 14.1 Introduction 633 14.2 Automobile and Truck Noise Sources and Control 633 14.3 Interior Road Vehicle Cabin Noise 644 14.4 Railroad and Rapid Transit Vehicle Noise and Vibration Sources 650 14.5 Noise And Vibration Control in Ships 654 15 Aircraft and Airport Transportation Noise Sources and Control 661 15.1 Introduction 661 15.2 Jet Engine Noise Sources and Control 661 15.3 Propeller and Rotor Noise Sources and Control 663 15.4 Helicopter and Rotor Noise 663 15.5 Aircraft Cabin Noise and Vibration and Its Control 666 15.6 Airport Noise Control 669 16 Community Noise and Vibration Sources 677 16.1 Introduction 677 16.2 Assessment of Community Noise Annoyance 677 16.3 Community Noise and Vibration Sources and Control 680 16.4 Environmental Impact Assessment 689 16.5 Environmental Noise and Vibration Attenuation 690 16.6 City Planning for Noise and Vibration Reduction and Soundscape Concepts 694 References 699 Glossary 705 Index 737
Subject Areas: Mechanical engineering & materials [TG]
