Part 1 Physical Modeling Of Energy Piles At Different Scales 1

Chapter 1 Soil Response under Thermomechanical Conditions Imposed by Energy Geostructures 3
Alice DI DONNA and Lyesse LALOUI

1.1 Introduction 4
1.2 Thermomechanical behavior of soils 5
1.3 Constitutive modeling of the thermomechanical behaviour of soils 12
1.4 Acknowledgments 18
1.5 Bibliography 18

Chapter 2 Full-scale In Situ Testing of Energy Piles 23
Thomas MIMOUNI and Lyesse LALOUI

2.1 Monitoring the thermomechanical response of energy piles 23
2.2 Description of the two full-scale in situ experimental sites 28
2.3 Thermomechanical behavior of energy piles 36
2.4 Conclusions 42
2.5 Bibliography 42

Chapter 3 Observed Response of Energy Geostructures 45
Peter BOURNE-WEBB

3.1 Overview of published observational data sources 45
3.2 Thermal storage and harvesting 46
3.3 Thermomechanical effects 58
3.4 Summary 65
3.5 Acknowledgments 66
3.6 Bibliography 67

Chapter 4 Behavior of Heat-Exchanger Piles from Physical Modeling 79
Anh Minh TANG, Jean-Michel PEREIRA, Ghazi HASSEN and Neda YAVARI

4.1 Introduction 79
4.2 Physical modeling of pile foundations 80
4.3 Physical modeling of a heat-exchanger pile 83
4.4 Conclusions 94
4.5 Acknowledgments 94
4.6 Bibliography 94

Chapter 5 Centrifuge Modeling of Energy Foundations 99
John S MCCARTNEY

5.1 Introduction 99
5.2 Background on thermomechanical soil–structure interaction 100
5.3 Centrifuge modeling concepts 101
5.4 Centrifuge modeling components 101
5.5 Centrifuge modeling tests for semi-floating foundations 105
5.6 Conclusions 113
5.7 Acknowledgments 113
5.8 Bibliography 114

Part 2 Numerical Modeling Of Energy Geostructures 117

Chapter 6 Alternative Uses of Heat-Exchanger Geostructures 119
Fabrice DUPRAY, Thomas MIMOUNI and Lyesse LALOUI

6.1 Small, dispersed foundations for deck de-icing 120
6.2 Heat-exchanger anchors 131
6.3 Conclusions 136
6.4 Acknowledgments 137
6.5 Bibliography 137

Chapter 7 Numerical Analysis of the Bearing Capacity of Thermoactive Piles Under Cyclic Axial Loading 139
Maria E SURYATRIYASTUTI, Hussein MROUEH, Sébastien BURLON and Julien HABERT

7.1 Introduction 139
7.2 Bearing capacity of a pile under an additional thermal load 140
7.3 A constitutive law of soil–pile interface under cyclic loading: the Modjoin law 143
7.4 Numerical analysis of a thermoactive pile under thermal cyclic loading 145
7.5 Recommendation for real-scale thermoactive piles 150
7.6 Conclusions 153
7.7 Acknowledgments 153
7.8 Bibliography 154

Chapter 8 Energy Geostructures in Unsaturated Soils 157
John S MCCARTNEY, Charles J.R COCCIA, Nahed ALSHERIF and Melissa A STEWART

8.1 Introduction 157
8.2 Thermally induced water flow 159
8.3 Thermal volume change in unsaturated soils 160
8.4 Thermal effects on soil strength and stiffness 161
8.5 Thermal effects on hydraulic properties of unsaturated soils 163
8.6 Thermal effects on soil–geosynthetic interaction 164
8.7 Conclusions 167
8.8 Acknowledgments 167
8.9 Bibliography 167

Chapter 9 Energy Geostructures in Cooling-Dominated Climates 175
Ghassan Anis AKROUCH, Marcelo SANCHEZ and Jean-Louis BRIAUD

9.1 Introduction 175
9.2 Climatic factors and their effects on soil conditions and properties 175
9.3 Saturated and unsaturated soil thermal properties and heat transfer 177
9.4 Impact of soil conditions on energy geostructures performance 179
9.5 Full scale tests on energy piles 187
9.6 Conclusions 189
9.7 Acknowledgments 190
9.8 Bibliography 190

Chapter 10 Impact of Transient Heat Diffusion of a Thermoactive Pile on the Surrounding Soil 193
Maria E SURYATRIYASTUTI, Hussein MROUEH and Sébastien BURLON

10.1 Introduction 193
10.2 Heat transfer phenomenon 194
10.3 Numerical modeling of thermal diffusion in a thermoactive pile 197
10.4 Impact of the long-term thermal operation 202
10.5 Conclusions 205
10.6 Acknowledgments 207
10.7 Bibliography 208

Chapter 11 Ground-Source Bridge Deck De-icing Systems Using Energy Foundations 211
C Guney OLGUN and G Allen BOWERS

11.1 Introduction 211
11.2 Ground-source heating of bridge decks 213
11.3 Thermal processes and evaluation of energy demand for ground-source de-icing systems 214
11.4 Numerical modeling and analysis results 216
11.5 Summary and conclusions 223
11.6 Acknowledgments 223
11.7 Bibliography 224

Part 3 Engineering Practice 227

Chapter 12 Delivery of Energy Geostructures 229
Peter BOURNE-WEBB with contributions from Tony AMIS, Jean-Baptiste BERNARD, Wolf FRIEDEMANN, Nico VON DER HUDE, Norbert PRALLE, Veli Matti UOTINEN and Bernhard WIDERIN

12.1 Introduction 229
12.2 Planning and design 230
12.3 Construction 236
12.4 System integration and commissioning 260
12.5 Summary 261
12.6 Acknowledgments 262
12.7 Bibliography 262

Chapter 13 Thermo-Pile: A Numerical Tool for the Design of Energy Piles 265
Thomas MIMOUNI and Lyesse LALOUI

13.1 Basic assumptions 265
13.2 Mathematical formulation and numerical implementation 266
13.3 Validation of the method 270
13.4 Piled-beams with energy piles 271
13.5 Conclusions 277
13.6 Acknowledgments 278
13.7 Bibliography 278

Chapter 14 A Case Study: The Dock Midfield of Zurich Airport 281
Daniel PAHUD

14.1 The Dock Midfield 281
14.2 Design process of the energy pile system 282
14.3 The PILESIM program 288
14.4 System design and measurement points 289
14.5 Measured thermal performances of the system 291
14.6 System optimization and integration 293
14.7 Conclusions 294
14.8 Acknowledgments 295
14.9 Bibliography 295

List of Authors 297