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Doing Research in Emergency and Acute Care
Making Order Out of Chaos
Michael P. Wilson (Author), Kama Z. Guluma (Author), Stephen R. Hayden (Author)
9781118643488, Wiley
Paperback / softback, published 6 November 2015
288 pages
24.6 x 19 x 1.5 cm, 0.499 kg
A practical guide to understanding and navigating the unique challenges faced by physicians and other professionals who wish to undertake research in the ED or other acute care setting. Focusing on the hyper-acute and acute care environment and fulfilling two closely-related needs: 1) the need for even seasoned researchers to understand the specific logistics and issues of doing research in the ED; and 2) the need to educate clinically active physicians in research methodology. This new text is not designed to be a complex, encyclopedic resource, but instead a concise, easy-to-read resource designed to convey key “need-to-know” information within a comprehensive framework. Aimed at the busy brain, either as a sit-down read or as a selectively-read reference guide to fill in knowledge gaps, chapters are short, compartmentalized, and are used strategically throughout the text in order to introduce and frame concepts. This format makes it easy - and even entertaining - for the research novice to integrate and absorb completely new (and typically dry) material. The textbook addresses aspects of feasibility, efficiency, ethics, statistics, safety, logistics, and collaboration in acute research. Overall, it grants access for the seasoned researcher seeking to learn about acute research to empathically integrate learning points into his or her knowledge base. As the ED is the primary setting for hyper-acute and acute care, and therefore a prime site for related clinical trial recruitment and interventions, the book presents specific logistical research challenges that researchers from any discipline, including physicians, research nurse coordinators, study monitors, or industry partners, need to understand in order to succeed.
List of contributors, ix Part 1: Getting ready: Preparing for your research study 1 Aspects of research specific to acute care, 3 2 Aspects of feasibility in research, 7 3 How do I formulate a research question?, 13 4 Evidence]based medicine: Finding the knowledge gap, 17 5 How to carry out an efficient literature search, 21 6 What do I need to know to get started with animal and basic science research?, 31 7 The IRB process: How to write up a human studies protocol, 37 8 Ethics in research: How to collect data ethically, 45 9 Safety in research: How to ensure patient safety?, 53 Part 2: Getting it done: Doing your research study 10 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Minimizing bias and confounding, 61 11 How to design a study that everyone will believe: An overview of research studies and picking the right design, 65 12 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Random selection and allocation of patients to treatment conditions, 71 13 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Surveys, 79 14 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Retrospective reviews, 85 15 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Prehospital studies, 93 16 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Ethical concepts for special populations in emergency research, 97 17 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Industry studies, 105 18 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Prospective studies, 115 19 How to design a study that everyone will believe: effectiveness, safety, and the intention to treat, 121 20 How to design a study that everyone will believe: Emergency department operations and systems, 129 21 How to design a study that everyone will believe: The challenges of doing international research, 133 22 The development of clinical prediction rules, 139 23 Testing the safety and efficacy of devices: Device safety, as well as obtaining an IDE (investigational device exemption) from the FDA, 149 24 Privacy in research: How to collect data safely and confidentially, 155 25 How do I establish a research assistant program?, 161 26 How to complete a research study well and in a minimum of time: The importance of collaboration, 167 Part 3: Getting it out there: Analyzing and publishing your study 27 Eliminating common misconceptions to enable intelligent use of biostatistics: How can a novice use statistics more intelligently?, 175 28 Basic statistics: sample size and power: How are sample size and power calculated?, 183 29 Basic statistics: Means, P values, and confidence intervals, 191 30 Basic statistics: Assessing the impact of therapeutic interventions with odds-ratios, relative risk, and hazard ratios, 199 31 Basic statistics: Assessing the impact of a diagnostic test; choosing a gold standard, sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV, and likelihood ratios, 205 32 Advanced biostatistics: Chi]square, ANOVA, regression, and multiple regression, 213 33 Can I combine the results of this study with others? An introduction to systematic reviews, 223 34 How to write a scientific paper for publication, 231 35 How do I make reviewers happy? The review process: What do reviewers look for in a manuscript? What is the review process?, 239 36 How do I write a grant?, 247 37 How to make an academic career: Developing a successful path in research, 253 Glossary, 259 Index, 267
Jarrod M. Mosier and Peter Rosen
Kama Z. Guluma
Michael P. Wilson
Eddy Lang and Zubair Bayat
Aleksandr Tichter, Louise Falzon, and Peter Wyer
George J. Shaw
Christian Tomaszewski
Nas Rafi and Brian Snyder
Robert Grover and Vicken Y. Totten
Michael Witting
Julian Villar, Jennifer Lanning, and Robert Rodriguez
Katie L. Tataris, Mary Mercer, and Prasanthi Govindarajan
Edward M. Castillo and Gary M. Vilke
Jonathan Auten and Paul Ishimine
Christopher Kahn
Kimberly Nordstrom
Richard F. Clark and Alicia B. Minns
Gary Gaddis
Ashleigh Campillo, Christopher J. Coyne, and Juan A. Luna
Vaishal Tolia
Vicken Y. Totten
Benton R. Hunter and Christopher R. Carpenter
Sean]Xavier Neath
Gary M. Vilke and Edward M. Castillo
Judd E. Hollander
Austin Hopper and Michael P. Wilson
Gary Gaddis
Manish Garg, Richard Harrigan, and Gary Gaddis
Daniel del Portal and Richard Harrigan
Jesse J. Brennan and Edward M. Castillo
Stephen R. Hayden
Gary Gaddis
Brian H. Rowe
Stephen R. Hayden
David J. Karras and Jacob W. Ufberg
Zachary D.W. Dezman and Jon Mark Hirshon
Deirdre Anglin and Michael Menchine
Subject Areas: Medicine: general issues [MB]
