Concrete art and poetry burst onto Brazil’s cultural stage in the 1950s, while the country was embarking on a dizzying period of modernization. Bringing together key poets and visual artists alongside less recognized figures, Nathaniel Wolfson shows that concretism was hardly socially inert, as pundits have suggested. Rather, it presciently grappled with an emerging information age that would soon reorganize human relations globally.

Concrete Encoded describes a nascent cybernetic imaginary. While concretism has long been considered Brazil’s most global aesthetic movement, Wolfson traces new circles of international theorists and practitioners involved in critical technological thought. Wolfson argues that concrete poetry is the quintessential literary genre of the early information age. He shows that Brazilian poets, artists, and designers contested the military dictatorship’s technological authoritarianism and information-gathering operations. Vigorous experimentalists, their attention to form and semantics unveiled both the creative and nefarious possibilities of algorithmic writing. A highly original and daring work, Concrete Encoded reckons with aesthetic responses from Brazil to an advancing capitalist and digital era.