Capitalism As Civilisation
A History of International Law

Using the theoretical tools drawn from historical materialism and deconstruction, Tzouvala offers a comprehensive history of the standard of civilisation.

Ntina Tzouvala (Author)

9781108739559, Cambridge University Press

Paperback / softback, published 11 November 2021

276 pages
22.8 x 15.3 x 1.5 cm, 0.43 kg

'In this impassioned and timely book, Ntina Tzouvala brings a humanist interpretation of Marxism to bear on the violent history of colonisation and capitalist exploitation facilitated by international lawyers since the nineteenth century. Tzouvala compellingly argues that the standard of civilisation has not been abandoned but that it reappears in new patterns of international legal argumentation that continue to impose and entrench capitalist relations on a global scale. Capitalism As Civilisation gives voice to a new spirit of revolution in a world on fire.' Anne Orford, Redmond Barry Distinguished Professor, Michael D Kirby Chair of International Law, Australian Laureate Fellow, Melbourne Law School

Methodologically and theoretically innovative, this monograph draws from Marxism and deconstruction bringing together the textual and the material in our understanding of international law. Approaching 'civilisation' as an argumentative pattern related to the distribution of rights and duties amongst different communities, Ntina Tzouvala illustrates both its contradictory nature and its pro-capitalist bias. 'Civilisation' is shown to oscillate between two poles. On the one hand, a pervasive 'logic of improvement' anchors legal equality to demands that non-Western polities undertake extensive domestic reforms and embrace capitalist modernity. On the other, an insistent 'logic of biology' constantly postpones such a prospect based on ideas of immutable difference. By detailing the tension and synergies between these two logics, Tzouvala argues that international law incorporates and attempts to mediate the contradictions of capitalism as a global system of production and exchange that both homogenises and stratifies societies, populations and space.

1. The standard of civilisation in international law: politics, theory, method
2. The standard of civilisation in the nineteenth century: between the 'logic of improvement' and the 'logic of biology'
3. The institutionalisation of civilisation in the interwar period
4. Arguing with borrowed concepts: 'The sacred trust of civilisation' in the South West Africa Saga
5. From Iraq to Syria: legal arguments for the civilising missions of the twenty-first century
6. Thinking through contradictions on a warming planet.

Subject Areas: International organisations & institutions [LBBU], International economic & trade law [LBBM], Public international law [LBB], International law [LB], Legal history [LAZ], Law [L], International relations [JPS]