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Biocomposite Materials for Wastewater Remediation
Preparation, Properties, and Applications
Rachid Bouhfid (Edited by), R Bouhfid (Author), Nadia Zari (Edited by), Abou el kacem Qaiss (Edited by)
9781394246458, Wiley
Hardback, published 21 May 2026
592 pages
22.9 x 15.2 x 3.1 cm, 1.043 kg
Explores biocomposite materials for sustainable wastewater treatment and advanced environmental applications The growing demand for sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective wastewater treatment solutions underscores the importance of biocomposite materials as a next-generation technology. Derived from renewable resources and enhanced with nanomaterials or functional additives, biocomposites combine biodegradability, affordability, and high performance in removing contaminants such as dyes, heavy metals, organic compounds, and pathogens. Biocomposite Materials for Wastewater Remediation: Preparation, Properties, and Applications examines how biocomposite materials are designed and optimized as adsorbents, photocatalysts, and membranes for diverse water treatment scenarios. With contributions from global experts across chemistry, materials science, and environmental engineering, the text addresses both the technical and practical aspects of biocomposites, including physicochemical and mechanical properties, treatment mechanisms, and scalability. In-depth chapters also review major challenges—such as durability, reusability, and integration into industrial wastewater systems—while highlighting strategies to overcome current limitations. Illuminating the current state of the field and pointing to future directions in sustainable water treatment, this book: Emphasizing the vital role of biocomposites in the evolving toolkit for addressing water pollution, this title is an essential reference for graduate and postgraduate students in environmental science, chemical engineering, and materials science, particularly in courses such as Environmental Remediation Technologies, Polymer Composites, and Water Treatment Engineering. It is also a valuable resource for wastewater engineers, polymer chemists, and effluent treatment plant specialists.
List of Contributors xix Preface xxv 1 Natural-Fiber-Based Biocomposites for Wastewater Treatment 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Overview of Natural Fibers 2 1.3 Natural-Fiber-Based Biocomposites 10 1.4 Application of Natural-Fiber-Based Biocomposites in Wastewater Treatment 11 1.5 Sustainability Assessment and Life Cycle Assessment 18 1.6 Research Gaps and Areas for Improvement 19 1.7 Conclusion 21 References 22 2 Synthesis and Characterization of Chitosan Biopolymer Material for Application in Wastewater Treatment via Adsorption 27 2.1 Introduction 27 2.2 Synthesis of Chitosan Biopolymer 30 2.3 Characterization and Mechanical Proprieties of Chitosan Biopolymer 37 2.4 Wastewater Treatment Application via Adsorption 42 2.5 Conclusion 52 References 52 3 Cellulose Nanomaterials: From Extraction to Wastewater Remediation 67 3.1 Introduction 67 3.2 Cellulose Nanomaterials 68 3.3 Extraction of Cellulose Nanomaterials 73 3.4 Properties of Cellulose Nanomaterials 82 3.5 Cellulose Nanomaterials for Wastewater Remediation 84 3.6 Challenges and Opportunities Associated with CN 99 3.7 Environmental Impacts 100 3.8 Conclusions and Future Prospects 101 References 102 4 Biochar-Based Biocomposites for Wastewater Treatment 121 4.1 Introduction 121 4.2 Wastewater and Wastewater Treatment 122 4.3 Biochar: Definition and Properties 123 4.4 Methods of Biochar Production 124 4.5 Biochar Biocomposites Application in Wastewater Treatment 129 4.6 Removal of Contaminants from Wastewater by Biochar-Based Biocomposites 132 4.7 Factors Affecting the Adsorption Performance of Biochar Biocomposites 137 4.8 Challenges and Limitations 139 4.9 Conclusion 140 References 141 5 Lignin Valorization as Biopolymer in Wastewater Treatment 151 5.1 Introduction 151 5.2 Lignin Structure and Characteristics 152 5.3 Lignin-Based Materials for Removal of Pollutants from Wastewater 154 5.4 Technology Readiness Level and Techno-Economic Implications of Producing Activated Carbon from Lignin 163 5.5 Research Opportunities and Future Perspectives 165 References 166 6 Alginate-TiO 2 Composite: Formulation and Optimization for Wastewater Treatment 173 6.1 Introduction 173 6.2 Alginate-Based Nano-Biosorbents (ANBs) 177 6.3 Alginate-TiO 2 Composites (ATCs): Design and Application 180 6.4 Limitations and Stability Concerns of ATCs 188 6.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 189 References 190 7 Cellulose Nanocrystalline Biocomposites Applications in Wastewater Treatment 199 7.1 Introduction 199 7.2 Nanocellulose 200 7.3 Wastewater Treatment by Nanocellulose Biocomposites 209 7.4 Challenges and Limitations 218 7.5 Conclusion and Future Perspectives 219 References 220 8 Graphene Bionanocomposites: Preparation and Applications in Wastewater Remediation 231 8.1 Introduction 231 8.2 Preparation Methods 235 8.3 Graphene Bionanocomposites Applications in Wastewater Treatment 247 References 251 9 Lignocellulosic Biocomposite Adsorbents for Removal of Pollutants from Urban Waste 255 9.1 Introduction 255 9.2 Application and Mechanism Study of Composite Materials in Wastewater Treatment 260 9.3 Conclusion 283 References 284 10 Magnetic Biocomposites for Wastewater Remediation 287 10.1 Introduction 287 10.2 Magnetic Biocomposite: Synthesis Strategy and Characterization Methodology 288 10.3 Approaches to Evaluate the Performance of Magnetic Biocomposites 294 10.4 Applications in Wastewater Remediation 298 10.5 Conclusions 308 References 308 11 Alginate Biocomposite Materials: Development and Application in Wastewater Treatment 319 11.1 Introduction 319 11.2 Modification and Preparation of Alginate Biocomposites 322 11.3 Application of Alginate Biocomposites in Wastewater Treatment 326 11.4 Conclusion and Prospects 340 References 342 12 Chitosan/Clay Membranes for Heavy Metals Removal 351 12.1 Introduction 351 12.2 Chitosan/Clay Membrane 364 12.3 Application of Chitosan/Clay Membranes for Heavy Metals Removal 368 12.4 Conclusion 369 References 370 13 Cellulose-Based Composite Membranes for Pollutants Elimination 379 13.1 Introduction 379 13.2 Cellulose: Structure and Surface Chemistry 380 13.3 Microfibrillated Cellulose (MFC) and Cellulose Nanocrystals (CNCs) 382 13.4 Chemical Surface Modifications of Nanocellulose 384 13.5 The Use of Nanocellulose as a Membrane Material 390 13.6 Potential of Nanocellulose-Based Membranes in Large-Scale Water Treatment 400 13.7 Challenges and Prospects for Nanocellulose-Based Membrane 402 13.8 Conclusion and Outlook 404 References 405 14 Alginate Nanocomposite Membranes for Wastewater Treatment 411 14.1 Introduction of Alginate 411 14.2 Synthesis of Alginate Membranes 413 14.3 Wastewater Treatment 414 14.4 Conclusion 426 References 426 15 Photocatalytic Photothermal Membranes for Microbial Wastewater Remediation 433 15.1 Introduction 433 15.2 Types of Photocatalytic Photothermal Membranes 436 15.3 Factors Effecting Efficiency of Photocatalytic Photothermal Membranes 439 15.4 Applications of Photocatalytic Photothermal Membranes 442 15.5 Conclusion and Outlook 446 References 447 16 Nanocellulose Biocomposite Membranes for Wastewater Treatment 453 16.1 Introduction 453 16.2 Characteristics and Classification of Nanocellulose 454 16.3 Membrane Fabrication Techniques 457 16.4 Applications in Wastewater Treatment 459 16.5 Environmental Impact 462 16.6 Conclusions 463 References 463 17 Wastewater Treatment Plants Based on Biocomposite Materials 469 17.1 Introduction 469 17.2 Global Water Crisis and Wastewater Management 470 17.3 Biocomposite Materials in the Management of Wastewater 478 17.4 Conclusion, Challenges, and Future Recommendations 491 References 492 18 Biocomposites for Wastewater Remediation: Present Trends and Challenges for the Future 501 18.1 Introduction 501 18.2 Fundamentals of Biocomposites 502 18.3 Application of Biocomposites in Wastewater Treatment 519 18.4 Conclusion and Future Prospects 535 References 538 Index 553
Soulaima Chkirida and Rachid Bouhfid
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Nusrat Zahan Ramesha, Abdullah Al Jobair, and Md Enamul Hoque
Aziz Ihammi, Nadia Zari, and Rachid Bouhfid
Brener Felipe Melo Lima Gomes, André Luís Rossoni Ferreira, and Leandro Vinícius Alves Gurgel
Sadia Khalid, Anca Mazare, and Amara Nasir
Sadia Khalid, Asiya Gul, and Tania Ali
P. K. Praseetha, R. Shalini, K. Ravichandran, M. Varshini, A. Viji, and A. R. Umayal Sundari
Fanqing Meng, Yinglong Wang, Hongwei Xu, Xiaxia Chen, Chao Liu, Ranran Wei, Xiaoying Zhang, and Xuewen Wei
Feihu Li and Mengyu Ma
Congfei Yao, Junkai Zhang, Yilei Ding, and Chunguang Chen
Ismaila Olalekan Saheed and Faiz Bukhari Mohd Suah
Abdelhay El Amri, Nadia Zari, and Rachid Bouhfid
Vandana Patyal, Prashant Mahajan, and Dipika Jaspal
Laila Noureen, Nadeem Muhammad, Noureddine El Messaoudi, Bushra Iqbal, and Muhammad Tayyab
Subhrata Dutta, Sathish Kumar Palaniappan, Sanjay Mavinkere Rangappa, and Suchart Siengchin
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Subject Areas: Chemistry [PN]
