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Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels, Liquid Biofuel Production
Lalit Kumar Singh (Edited by), Gaurav Chaudhary (Edited by)
9781119459873, Wiley
Hardback, published 11 June 2019
416 pages
1 x 1 x 1 cm, 0.808 kg
Biofuels production is one of the most extensively studied fields in the energy sector that can provide an alternative energy source and bring the energy industry closer to sustainability. Biomass-based fuel production, or renewable fuels, are becoming increasingly important as a potential solution for man-made climate change, depleted oil reserves, and the dangers involved with hydraulic fracturing (or "fracking"). The price of oil will always be volatile and changeable, and, so long as industry and private citizens around the world need energy, there will be a need for alternative energy sources. The area known as "biofuels and biofeedstocks" is one of the most important and quickly growing pieces of the "energy pie." Biofuels and biofeedstocks are constantly changing, and new processes are constantly being created, changed, and improved upon. The area is rapidly changing and always innovative. It is important, therefore, that books like the volumes in this series are published and the information widely disseminated to keep the industry informed of the state-of-the-art. This third volume in the Advances in Biofeedstocks and Biofuels series focuses on the production of liquid biofuel, covering all of the major biofuels, such as biodiesel, biobutanol, bioethanol, and others. This engaging text touches on all of the most important new processes and technologies, providing the most up-to-date coverage of the science available to industry. It is a must-have for any engineer or scientist working with biofuel technology.
1 Process Engineering Biofuel Production 1 1.1 Biofuel Production Background 1 1.2 Process Engineering Liquid Biofuel Production 8 1.3 Algal Cultivation Process Technology 18 1.4 Algal Biomass Biorefinery Process Engineering 26 Acknowledgment 32 About the Author 33 References 34 2 A Renewable Source of Hydrocarbons and High Value Co-Products from Algal Biomass 35 2.1 Introduction 36 2.2 Algal Biomass Production 38 2.3 Developments in Algal Cultivation for Fuel By Using Different Production System 44 2.4 Algal Biofuels – Feedstock of the Future 48 2.5 Biofuel Pathways 51 2.6 High Value Co-Products from Algal Biomass 53 2.7 Microalgae in Wastewater Treatment 57 2.8 Economics of Algae Cultivation 58 2.9 Problems and Potential of Alga-Culture 61 2.10 Conclusion 63 References 64 3 Waste Biomass Utilization for Liquid Fuels: Challenges & Solution 73 3.1 Introduction 74 3.2 Waste Biomass and its Types 75 3.3 Major Waste Biomass Conversion Routes 76 3.4 Metabolic Engineering in Yeast for Accumulation of C5 Sugars along with C6 Sugars 77 3.5 Genetic Engineering for Improved Xylose Fermentation by Yeasts 77 3.6 Biofuel from Microalgae through Mixotrophic Approach Utilizing Lignocellulosic Hydrolysate 80 3.7 Conclusion 82 References 83 4 Biofuel Production from Lignocellulosic Feedstock via Thermochemical Routes 89 4.1 Introduction 89 4.2 Fast Pyrolysis 92 4.3 Bio-Oil Upgrading 111 4.4 Gasification 126 4.5 Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis 140 4.6 Summary 147 References 148 5 Exploring the Potential of Carbohydrate Rich Algal Biomass as Feedstock for Bioethanol Production 167 5.1 Introduction 168 5.2 Microalgae and Macroalgae as Bioethanol Feedstock 169 5.3 Process Involved for Production of Bioethanol from Algae 176 5.4 Algal Biomass Cultivation 177 5.5 Pretreatment of Algal Biomass 180 5.6 Fermentation of Algal Hydrolysate 183 5.7 Distillation 184 5.8 Manipulation of Algal Biomass 185 5.9 Pros and Cons of Bioethanol Production from Algae 186 5.10 Conclusions 187 References 187 6 Development of Acid-Base-Enzyme Pretreatment and Hydrolysis of Palm Oil Mill Effluent for Bioethanol Production 197 6.1 Introduction 198 6.2 Biomass Energy 200 6.3 Palm Oil Mill Effluent (POME) 201 6.4 Pome Characterization 203 6.5 Pretreatment 203 6.6 Hydrolysis 206 6.7 Fermentation Process 209 6.8 Bioethanol 210 6.9 Conclusion 214 6.10 Acknowledgment 214 References 214 7 Technological Barriers in Biobutanol Production 219 7.1 Introduction 219 7.2 Production Technologies of Biobutanol 220 7.3 Lignocellulosic Materials for Bio-Butanol Production 223 7.4 Natural Producers of Biobutanol 225 7.5 Main Obstacles in the Biobutanol Production 227 7.6 Engineered Pathways towards a Better Solventogenic Producer 227 7.7 In-Situ Butanol Recovery Integrated with Batch and Fed-Batch Fermentation 231 7.8 Future Prospects 232 7.9 Conclusions 233 References 233 8 Biobutanol: Research Breakthrough for its Commercial Interest 237 8.1 Introduction 238 8.2 Butanol: Next-Generation Liquid Fuel 239 8.3 Routes of Butanol Production 241 8.4 Microbial ABE Production 243 8.5 Feedstocks Used in ABE Fermentation Process 247 8.6 Saccharification and Detoxification Processes 248 8.7 Strain Engineering and Developments in Butanol Production 250 8.8 Bioreactor Operations 253 8.9 Butanol Separation Techniques 255 8.10 Techno-Economic Assessment 266 8.11 Current Status and Future Prospective 268 References 270 9 Potential and Prospects of Biobutanol Production from Agricultural Residues 285 9.1 Introduction 286 9.2 Agricultural Residues 287 9.3 ABE Fermentation 292 9.4 Challenges 305 9.5 Future Prospects and Conclusions 309 Acknowledgments 310 References 310 10 State of Art Strategies for Biodiesel Production: Bioengineering Approaches 319 10.1 Introduction 319 10.2 Biodiesel and Microalgal Biorefineries 320 10.3 Metabolic Engineering Approaches for Biodiesel Production 332 10.4 Novel Photobioreactor Designs for Biodiesel Production 337 10.5 Advanced Photobioreactor Configurations and Kinetics 338 10.6 Conclusions 340 References 340 11 Bio-Oil Production from Algal Feedstock 351 11.1 Introduction 351 11.2 Technologies Used for the Production of Bio-Oil from Algal Biomass 356 11.3 Properties of Bio-Oils 362 11.4 Uses of Bio-Oils 362 11.5 Up-Gradation of Bio-Oil to Biodiesel along with Recent Developments 363 11.6 Conclusion 367 References 368 12 Effect of Upgrading Techniques on Fuel Properties and Composition of Bio-Oil 373 12.1 Introduction 374 12.2 Bio-Oil and its Properties 375 12.3 Upgrading of Bio-Oil 376 12.4 Conclusion 381 References 382 Index 387
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Subject Areas: Energy technology & engineering [TH]
