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1, 2 Peter and Jude Through the Centuries
Rebecca Skaggs (Author)
9781118973301, Wiley
Hardback, published 22 April 2020
336 pages
23.1 x 15.5 x 2.5 cm, 0.635 kg
Explores the epistles’ reception history and their effects in sermons, music, art, literature, and politics over time 1, 2 Peter and Jude Through the Centuries considers three small epistles which are often overlooked in controversial discussions of theology, culture, art, music, politics, and literature. This book offers fresh perspectives on the epistles’ effects in numerous theological and cultural contexts such as slavery, the role of women in marriage, the nature of Christology, and how believers should relate to the government. Author Rebecca Skaggs traces the reception history of 1 Peter, Jude, and 2 Peter and investigates the texts’ effects on diverse doctrinal, social and political issues. Their influence on artists, musicians, dramatists and literary writers is explored, especially the Doctrine of the Descent of Christ into Hades. Each chapter includes an overview of central issues and topics, a selection of ancient readings with interpretations and a brief survey of modern scholarship on the subject. Illuminating how readings vary across historical periods and interpretive communities, this book: Offering enlightening essays and new approaches, 1, 2 Peter and Jude Through the Centuries is an ideal book for anyone interested in the rich contributions of these epistles, such as Biblical and Theological Studies students, and pastors looking for original insights on reception material.
Acknowledgments ix Abbreviations xii Introduction 1 Historical Overview and Genre 2 Reception Historical Sources for 1, 2 Peter, and Jude 6 Significant Ancient Interpreters 7 Nineteenth‐ and Twentieth‐Century Perspectives 10 Aims and Methods of this Commentary 14 Literary Relationships: Which Came First – Jude or 2 Peter? 18 Chapter 1 The Transformed Life in the Context of Suffering, Grace, Hope, and Love (1:1–2:10) 22 Author, Audience, and Abundant Grace (1:1–2) 22 The Meaning and Purpose of Suffering (1:3–10) 26 Consequences of the Transformed Life: Suffering Related to the Suffering of Christ (1:11–12) 36 Consequences of the Transformed Life: Hope, Holiness, and Love (1:13–23) 40 The Transformed Life: Three Metaphors (1:24 – 2:10) 47 The Grass Metaphor (1:24, 25) 47 The Milk Metaphor (2:1–3) 49 The Living Stones Metaphor (2:4–10) 51 Doctrinal Interpretations: The Priesthood of all Believers 54 Doctrinal Interpretations: Eternal Security 55 Chapter 2 Three Practical Situations (1 Peter 2:11–3:17) 57 Transition (2:11–12) 57 The Governing Authorities (2:13–17) 59 Slavery (2:18–25) 66 Submission and Suffering for Doing Good 68 Christ as Guardian of Our Souls, v.25 74 Marriage (3:1–7) 76 Ornamentation (3:3–6) 83 To “Husbands” (3:7) 86 The “Weaker Vessel” (3:7) 88 Transition: Summary and Concepts to Come (3:8–17) 88 Summary: Live in Harmony and Mutual Love (3:8–12) 89 Suffering for Doing Good (3:13–17) 89 Chapter 3 Christ’s Visit to the Spirits in Prison, 3:18–22 91 Christ’s Resurrection, the Ground of the Transformed Life 91 The Preaching or Announcement in Hades 96 The Audience for Christ’s Preaching 97 Religious Traditions 105 Opposition 108 Summary of the Effects of 1 Peter 3:18–22 So Far 109 Other Interpretations 110 Effects in Literature 110 Effects in Music 112 Effects in Drama 112 Effects in Art 114 Relation to the Harrowing of Hell Tradition 128 Summary/Observations 130 Chapter 4 The Transformed Life: The Believer as Sufferer (1 Peter 4:1–19) 132 Suffering is in God’s Control (4:7–11) 138 Love Covers a Multitude of Sins (v.8) 139 Love Shown in Joyful Service and Hospitality (4:9–11) 141 Suffering for Being a Christian (4:12–19) 142 The Spirit of Glory … Rests upon You (v.14) 144 Judgment Begins with the House of God (4:17) 145 Scarcely Saved (vv.18–19) 146 Chapter 5 Final Exhortations and Greetings (1 Peter 5:1–14) 149 Message to Three Groups (5:1–10): “Elders” (vv.1–4); the “Younger” (vv.5–6); and “All” (vv.6–10) 149 The Message to “All” (vv.2, 6–10) 155 God Gives Grace to the Humble (vv.6–11) 157 The Final Promise to All (vv.10–11) 160 Final Greetings: Who, Where, and How (vv.12–14) 161 Who is Silvanus and What is His Role in the Writing of the Epistle? 161 Who is “Mark?” 162 Where/What is Babylon? 162 Chapter 6 Jude: A Dynamic Response to Heresy 166 Greeting and Purpose 166 Purpose (v.3) 170 The Body of the Epistle: Charges/Punishment Predicted (vv.4–16) 173 The Fallen Angels: Second Example of Punishment (v.6) 175 Sodom and Gomorrah: Third Example (v.7) 178 Second Set of Triple Charges (vv.8–11): Pollution, Rejection of Authority, Slander of Heavenly Beings 180 The Illustration: The Dispute Between Michael and Satan (v.9) 182 Three Examples of Punishment: Cain, Balaam, and Korah (v.11) 184 Metaphors of Charges Against the Teachers (vv.12–16) 186 Prediction of Punishment: Enoch’s Prophecy (vv.14–16) 188 Exhortations to the Faithful (17–23) 191 Closing Doxology (vv.24–25) 194 Effects in Literature, Culture, and Art: Michael and Satan’s Dispute (v.9) 196 Chapter 7 Excursus: Jude’s Role in the Reception History of Enoch 200 Enoch in the Early Church 201 Summary 205 Effects in Literature, Culture, and Art: The Fallen Angels, Jude 6; 2 Peter 2:4 206 Chapter 8 Greetings and the Bases for Certainty (2 Peter 1) 213 Greetings: Authorship, Authenticity, and Authority (1:1–2) 213 The Basis for Certainty and Peter’s Response: Participation in the Divine Nature (1:4–11) 216 Can Salvation Be Lost? (vv.10–11) 222 More Grounds for Certainty: Eyewitness Testimony (1:12–15) 223 Even More Grounds for Certainty: The Nature of Prophecy and the Inspiration of Scripture (1:16–21) 225 Chapter 9 The False Teachers and Peter’s Response (2 Peter 2:1–22) 232 Chapter 10 Where is the Promise of His Coming? (2 Peter 3:1–18) 244 Reaffirmation and Reminders (3:1–3) 244 Where is the Promise and Peter’s Response: Judgment andRescue (3:4–10) 248 Final Exhortations (3:11–18) 252 Chapter 11 Excursus: Delay of the Parousia (2 Peter 3) 255 Modern and Current Scholarship (eighteenth to twenty-first centuries) 261 Concluding Remarks 265 Appendix 1: Who Wrote These Epistles? The Reception of 1, 2 Peter and Jude 268 Appendix 2: Ancient Writers, their Writings, and their Sources 273 Appendix 3: Reception Historical Timeline 279 Appendix 4: Overview of the Reception History of Enoch 284 Glossary 288 Bibliography 296 Index of Biblical References 312 Index 316
Subject Areas: Religion & beliefs [HR]
