{"product_id":"wear-materials-mechanisms-and-practice-hardback-9780470016282","title":"Wear; Materials, Mechanisms and Practice (Hardback) 9780470016282","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eWear\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eMaterials, Mechanisms and Practice\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eGwidon W. Stachowiak (Edited by), GW Stachowiak (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470016282, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 11 November 2005\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e480 pages\u003cbr\u003e25 x 17.5 x 3.2 cm, 1.021 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eTribology is emerging from the realm of steam engines and crank-case lubricants and becoming key to vital new technologies such as nanotechnology and MEMS. Wear is an integral part of tribology, and an effective understanding and appreciation of wear is essential in order to achieve the reliable and efficient operation of almost any machine or device. Knowledge in the field has increased considerably over recent years, and continues to expand: this book is intended to stimulate its readers to contribute towards the progress of this fascinating subject that relates to most of the known disciplines in physical science.  \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eWear – Materials, Mechanisms and Practice\u003c\/i\u003e provides the reader with a unique insight into our current understanding of wear, based on the contributions of numerous internationally acclaimed specialists in the field.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eOffers a comprehensive review of current knowledge in the field of wear.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiscusses latest topics in wear mechanism classification.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes coverage of a wide variety of materials such as metals, polymers, polymer composites, diamonds, and diamond-like films and ceramics.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDiscusses the chemo-mechanical linkages that control tribology, providing a more complete treatment of the subject than just the conventional mechanical treatments.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIllustrated throughout with carefully compiled diagrams that provide a unique insight into the controlling mechanisms of tribology.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eThe state of the art research on wear and the mechanisms of wear featured will be of interest to post-graduate students and lecturers in engineering, materials science and chemistry. The practical applications discussed will appeal to practitioners across virtually all sectors of engineering and industry including electronic, mechanical and electrical, quality and reliability and design.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeries Editors’ Foreword xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 The Challenge of Wear 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eI.M. Hutchings\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Definitions and Development of Wear Studies 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Scope and Challenges 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Conclusions 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Classification of Wear Mechanisms\/Models 9\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eK. Kato\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Classification of Wear Mechanisms and Wear Modes 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Mechanical, Chemical and Thermal Wear 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Wear Modes: Abrasive, Adhesive, Flow and Fatigue Wear 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Corrosive Wear 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Melt and Diffusive Wear 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 General Discussion of Wear Mechanisms and Their Models 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Material Dependence 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Wear Maps 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Wear Mode Transition 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Erosion 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Conclusion 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Wear of Metals: A Material Approach 21\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eS.K. Biswas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Mild Wear and Transition to Severe Wear 22\u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.2.1 Mild Wear 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Transition to Severe Wear 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Strain Rate Estimates and Bulk Surface Temperature 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Strain Rate Response Maps 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Bulk Surface Temperature 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 The Phenomenological Argument 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Micrographic Observations 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Summary 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Homogeneous Deformation – Severe Wear 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Homogeneous Deformation – Mild Wear 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Inhomogeneous Deformation – Severe Wear 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Boundary Lubricated Wear 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eS.M. Hsu, R.G. Munro, M.C. Shen, and R.S. Gates\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Lubricated Wear Classification 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Lubricated Wear Versus “Dry” Wear 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Wear Measurement in Well-Lubricated Systems 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Measurement Procedures 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Run-In Process 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 General Performance Wear Test (GPT) 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Enhanced Oxidation Wear Test (EOT) 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4 Boundary Film Persistence Test (BFPT) 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.5 Case Study with GPT and BFPT 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.6 Boundary Film Failure Test (BFFT) 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Wear Mechanisms Under Lubricated Conditions 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Modeling of Lubricated Wear 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.1 Wear 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.2 Contact Area 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.3 Rheology 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.4 Film Thickness 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.5 Contact Stress 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7.6 Flash Temperatures 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Summary 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Wear and Chemistry of Lubricants 71\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA. Neville and A. Morina\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Encountering Wear in Tribological Contacts 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Lubricant Formulations – Drivers for Change 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Tribochemistry and Wear 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Antiwear Additive Technologies 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Antiwear Technologies 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 ZDDP – Antiwear Mechanism 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Interaction of ZDDP with Other Additives 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 New Antiwear Additive Technologies 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Extreme Pressure Additives 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Lubricating Non-Fe Materials 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Surface Chemistry in Tribology 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA.J. Gellman and N.D. Spencer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Boundary Lubrication and Oiliness Additives 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Introduction 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Monolayers, Multilayers and Soaps 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Viscous Near-Surface Layers 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Boundary Lubrication in Natural Joints 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5 Summary 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Zinc Dialkyldithiophosphate 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Background 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Analytical Approaches 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Summary of Film-Formation Mechanism 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Studies of Film Structure, Composition, and Thickness 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Hard Disk Lubrication 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Vapor-Phase Lubrication 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Tribology of Quasicrystals 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusions 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Tribology of Engineered Surfaces 123\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eK. Holmberg and A. Matthews\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Definition of an Engineered Surface 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Tribomechanisms of Coated Surfaces 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Scales of Tribology 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Macromechanical Friction and Wear 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Micromechanical Mechanisms 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Modelling Stresses and Strains in a Coated Microcontact 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Tribochemical Mechanisms 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.6 Nanoscale Mechanisms 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.7 Debris Generation and Transfer Layers 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Contact Types 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Sliding 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Abrasion 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Impact 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Surface Fatigue 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.5 Fretting 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.6 Chemical Dissolution 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.7 Lubricated 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Advanced Coating Types 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Hard Binary Compound Coatings 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Multilayer Coatings 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Nanocomposite Coatings 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 Hybrid and Duplex Coatings 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Applications 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Conclusions 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Wear of Ceramics: Wear Transitions and Tribochemical Reactions 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eS. Jahanmir\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Structure and Properties of Ceramics 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Alumina Ceramics 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Silicon Nitride Ceramics 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Silicon Carbide Ceramics 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Wear Transitions 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Alumina 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Silicon Nitride 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Silicon Carbide 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Damage Formation in Hertzian Contacts 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Brittle Behavior 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Quasi-Plastic Behavior 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Brittleness Index 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Transition Loads in Sliding Contacts 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Quasi-Plastic Behavior 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Brittle Behavior 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Transition from Brittle Fracture to Quasi-Plasticity 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Ceramics in Tribological Applications 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Tribology of Diamond and Diamond-Like Carbon Films: An Overview 191\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA. Erdemir and Ch. Donnet\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 General Overview 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Diamond Films 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Deposition and Film Microstructure 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Tribology of Diamond Films 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Practical Applications 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Diamond-like Carbon Films 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Structure and Composition 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Tribology of DLC Films 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Synthesis of Carbon Films with Superlow-Friction and -Wear Properties 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Practical Applications 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Summary and Future Direction 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Tribology of Polymeric Solids and Their Composites 223\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eB.J. Briscoe and S.K. Sinha\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 The Mechanisms of Polymer Friction 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 The Ploughing Term – Brief Summary 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 The Adhesion Term – Brief Summary 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Wear 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Semantics and Rationalizations 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Wear Classification Based on Generic Scaling Responses 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Phenomenological Classification of Wear Damages 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Wear Classification Based on Polymeric Responses 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Tribology of Polymer Composites 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 ‘Soft and Lubricating’ Phases in a Harder Matrix 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 ‘Hard and Strong’ Phases in a ‘Soft’ Matrix 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Hybrid Polymer Composites 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Environmental and Lubrication Effects 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 A Case Study: Polymers in Hip and Knee Prosthetic Applications – Ultrahigh-Molecular-Weight Poly(ethylene) (UHMWPE) 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Concluding Remarks 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Wear of Polymer Composites 269\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eK. Friedrich, Z. Zhang and P. Klein\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Sliding Wear of Filler Reinforced Polymer Composites 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Short Fibres and Internal Lubricants 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 PTFE Matrix Composites 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Micro- and Nanoparticle Reinforcements 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Integration of Traditional Fillers with Inorganic Nanoparticles 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 Functionally Graded Tribo-Materials 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Artificial Neural Networks Approach for Wear Prediction 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Fibre Orientation, Wear Mechanisms and Stress Conditions in Continuous Fibre Reinforced Composites 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Conclusions 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Third-Body Reality – Consequences and Use of the Third-Body Concept to Solve Friction and Wear Problems 291\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eY. Berthier\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Relationship Between the Third Body and Friction 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Boundary Conditions 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Friction Analysis 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Relationship Between the Third Body and Wear 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Wear Laws 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Material Hardness and Wear 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 What Methods Exist for Studying Friction and Wear? 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 The Scientific Context Surrounding Tribology 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Physical Difficulties Related to Studying Contacts 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 So Where to from Here? 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 The Third-Body Concept 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Artificial and Natural Third Bodies 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Contact Without the Third Body 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Types of “Solid” Third Body from the Mechanical Viewpoint 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4 “Action Heights” of Third Bodies 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Functions and Behaviour of the Third Body 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Functions of the Third Body 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Operation of Solid Third Bodies 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.3 Tribological Circuit of Third-Body Flows 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.4 Rheology of the Third Body 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.5 Scientific and Technological Consequences of the Tribological Circuit 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Roles of the Materials in a Tribological Contact 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.1 Indirect Role of the Materials – Scale of the Actual Mechanism or Mechanical Device 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.2 Direct Role of the Materials – Scale of First Bodies 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.3 Optimal Direct Response of Material to the Tribological Contact 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.4 Consequences on the Approach Used for Solving Technological Problems 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Taking into Account the Effects of the Mechanism 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.1 Choosing the Conditions to be Modelled 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.2 Technological Consequences of the Effects of the Mechanism 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Taking into Account the Effect of the First Bodies 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.1 Local Contact Dynamics 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.2 Technological Consequences of the Effects of the First Bodies 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 “Solid” Natural Third-Body Modelling 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10.1 Reconstruction of the Tribological Circuit 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10.2 Technological Consequences of the Third Body 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.11 Correspondence of the Strategy Proposed to Reality 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12 Control of Input Conditions 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.1 Objectives 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.2 Procedure 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.3 Precautions 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13 Performing Experiments 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.1 Initial Conditions 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.2 Exterior of the Contact 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.3 Interior of the Contact 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.14 Conclusions 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Basic Principles of Fretting 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eP. Kapsa, S. Fouvry and L. Vincent\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Wear 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Industrial Needs 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Fretting in Assemblies 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Fretting Processes 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Fretting Parameters 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.1 Nature of Loading 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.2 Nature of the First Bodies 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3 Coatings 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.4 Environment 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.5 Frequency 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.6 Temperature 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Conclusions 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Characterization and Classification of Abrasive Particles and Surfaces 339\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eG.W. Stachowiak, G.B. Stachowiak, D. De Pellegrin and P. Podsiadlo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 General Descriptors of Particle Shape 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Particle Angularity Parameters 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Angularity Parameters SP and SPQ and Their Relation to Abrasive and Erosive Wear 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Cone-Fit Analysis (CFA) 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Sharpness Analysis 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Particle Size Effect in Abrasive Wear 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Sharpness of Surfaces 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Characterization of Surface Sharpness by the Modified SPQ Method 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Characterization of Surface Sharpness by SA 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Classification of Abrasive Surfaces 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Summary 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Wear Mapping of Materials 369\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eS.M. Hsu and M.C. Shen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 Wear – A System Perspective 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2 Historical Material Selection Guide 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Basic Definition of Wear 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Nature of Wear 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Wear Characterization 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Wear as a System Function 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Wear Maps as a Classification Tool to Define the System 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Wear as an “Intrinsic” Material Property as Defined by Wear Maps 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Different Kinds of Wear Maps 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Application of Wear Maps 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.1 Material Comparison Based on Wear Maps 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.2 Wear Transition Diagrams 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.3 Material Selection Guided by Wear Maps 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.4 Wear Mechanism Identification 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.5 Wear Modeling Guide Based on Wear Maps 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.6 Wear Prediction Based on Wear Maps 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Construction Techniques of Wear Maps 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.1 Conducting Wear Experiments 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.2 Wear Data 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.3 Data Trend Analysis 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.4 Wear Mapping 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.5 Selection of Parameters for Mapping 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8.6 Assumptions in the Step-Loading Test Procedure 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.9 Application Map Concept and Examples 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.10 Future Wear Map Research 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Machine Failure and Its Avoidance – Tribology’s Contribution to Effective Maintenance of Critical Machinery 425\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eB.J. Roylance\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbstract 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Maintenance Practice and Tribological Principles 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Maintenance Practice – A Brief Historical Overview 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Tribological Principles 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.3 Tribology and Maintenance 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Failure Diagnoses 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Failure Morphology and Analysis 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Dealing with Failure – Two Short Case Studies 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Comment 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Condition-Based Maintenance 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Wear and Wear Debris Analysis 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 Wear Modes and Associated Debris Characteristics – Some Experimental Results and Their Application to RAF Early Failure Detection Centres 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Summary of Laboratory Test Results 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Wear Particle Classification and Application 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Predicting the Remaining Useful Life and Evaluating the Cost Benefits 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.1 Remaining Useful Life Predictions 448\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.2 Evaluating the Cost Benefits 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.7 Closure 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 453\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Mechanical%20engineering%20\u0026amp;%20materials%20%5BTG%5D%22\"\u003eTG\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52255788499224,"sku":"9780470016282","price":116.59,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9780470016282.jpg?v=1781274137","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/wear-materials-mechanisms-and-practice-hardback-9780470016282","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}