{"product_id":"virtual-and-augmented-reality-fundamentals-and-applications-hardback-9781119615927","title":"Virtual and Augmented Reality; Fundamentals and Applications (Hardback) 9781119615927","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eVirtual and Augmented Reality\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eFundamentals and Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eAchintya K. Bhowmik (Edited by), Achintya K. Bhowmik (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119615927, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 26 February 2026\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e688 pages\u003cbr\u003e24.6 x 17.5 x 3.8 cm, 1.383 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA COMPREHENSIVE AND AUTHORITATIVE GUIDE TO THE FOUNDATIONS, TECHNOLOGIES, AND TRANSFORMATIVE APPLICATIONS OF VIRTUAL AND AUGMENTED REALITY.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eVirtual and Augmented Reality: Fundamentals and Applications\u003c\/i\u003e presents an in-depth exploration of the core principles, enabling technologies, and real-world use cases of VR and AR. Designed for use as both a textbook and a professional reference, it offers a rigorous and structured foundation for students, researchers, engineers, and industry practitioners alike. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGrounded in neuroscience and computational perception, the text takes readers from first principles to advanced topics in immersive system architecture and experience design. It emphasizes human-centered systems and multisensory engagement, covering vision, hearing, balance, touch, and smell, along with natural interaction modalities such as gesture, voice, gaze, facial expressions, and direct brain interfaces. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eKey features include: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFoundations of human sensory perception and their technological counterparts in immersive systems\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eAdvances in 3D graphics, high-fidelity display technologies, spatial audio, computer vision, and motion tracking\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eMultimodal interaction and semantic understanding powered by artificial intelligence\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eSystem design and usability considerations for end-to-end VR and AR platforms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eCase studies spanning entertainment, healthcare, education, workforce training, virtual tourism, e-commerce, and more\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eAuthored by a leading innovator in immersive technologies, this book is ideal for advanced instruction and serves as an essential reference for those shaping the future of virtual and augmented reality.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eSeries Editor's Foreword xxiii\u003cbr\u003eAbout the Author xxv\u003cbr\u003ePreface xxvii\u003cbr\u003eAcknowledgments xxix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection 1 Overview and Evolution 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Overview of Virtual and Augmented Reality: Toward Immersive and Interactive Experiences 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003cbr\u003e1.2 Key Concepts in Immersive Technologies 4\u003cbr\u003e1.3 Multisensory Immersion and Interaction 7\u003cbr\u003e1.4 Goals of the Book 9\u003cbr\u003e1.5 Overview of the Structure and Content 10\u003cbr\u003e1.6 Conclusion 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 The Evolution of Virtual and Augmented Reality: Accomplishments and Challenges 17\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e2.1 Introduction 17\u003cbr\u003e2.2 Virtual and Augmented Reality in Science Fiction 18\u003cbr\u003e2.3 The Early Concepts Through to the 1950s and 1960s 22\u003cbr\u003e2.4 The 1980s and 1990s: Commercial Exploration 27\u003cbr\u003e2.5 The 2000s: Expansion into New Fields 31\u003cbr\u003e2.6 The 2010s: Technological Innovations and Mainstream Adoption 33\u003cbr\u003e2.7 The 2020s: Integration, Convergence, and Pushing the Frontiers 40\u003cbr\u003e2.8 Challenges and Limitations 45\u003cbr\u003e2.9 Summary 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection 2 Sensory-Perceptual Immersion 57\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Visual Immersion: Foundations of Human Vision 59\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e3.1 Introduction 59\u003cbr\u003e3.2 Anatomy of the Human Eye 60\u003cbr\u003e3.3 Visual Information Processing in the Brain 64\u003cbr\u003e3.4 Field of View (FOV) for Human Vision 66\u003cbr\u003e3.5 Perception of Depth and Space 67\u003cbr\u003e3.6 Motion Perception 72\u003cbr\u003e3.7 Color Vision 73\u003cbr\u003e3.8 Brightness and Contrast Perception 74\u003cbr\u003e3.9 Summary 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Visual Immersion: Displays and Optics 79\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e4.1 Introduction 79\u003cbr\u003e4.2 Display System Configurations 80\u003cbr\u003e4.3 Key Attributes of Displays for VR and AR 84\u003cbr\u003e4.4 Display Technologies 89\u003cbr\u003e4.5 Optics for VR and AR Systems 102\u003cbr\u003e4.6 Advanced Topics and Future Trends 107\u003cbr\u003e4.7 Summary 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Visual Immersion: Creating Virtual Worlds with 3D Graphics 119\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e5.1 Introduction 119\u003cbr\u003e5.2 Fundamentals of Graphics in VR and AR 121\u003cbr\u003e5.3 Rendering Pipeline 124\u003cbr\u003e5.4 Animation and Motion 140\u003cbr\u003e5.5 Advanced 3D Graphics Techniques 142\u003cbr\u003e5.6 Computational Hardware and Software Tools 147\u003cbr\u003e5.7 Future Trends and Innovations 153\u003cbr\u003e5.8 Summary 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Visual Immersion: Understanding and Augmenting the World with Computer Vision 161\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e6.1 Introduction 161\u003cbr\u003e6.2 Fundamentals of Computer Vision 162\u003cbr\u003e6.3 3D Reconstruction 181\u003cbr\u003e6.4 Augmenting the Reality: Overlaying Virtual on Real 182\u003cbr\u003e6.5 Summary 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Auditory Immersion: Spatial Sound and 3D Audio 195\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e7.1 Introduction 195\u003cbr\u003e7.2 Basic Principles of Sound Waves 196\u003cbr\u003e7.3 Fundamentals of Human Auditory Perception 198\u003cbr\u003e7.4 Sound Technologies in Virtual and Augmented Reality 210\u003cbr\u003e7.5 Summary 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Vestibular Immersion: Motion Sensing and Stimulation 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e8.1 Introduction 231\u003cbr\u003e8.2 The Human Vestibular System 233\u003cbr\u003e8.3 Creating Vestibular Immersion 236\u003cbr\u003e8.4 Motion Tracking Techniques 237\u003cbr\u003e8.5 Technologies for Vestibular Stimulation 253\u003cbr\u003e8.6 Summary 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Somatosensory Immersion: Touch and Haptic Feedback 273\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e9.1 Introduction 273\u003cbr\u003e9.2 Physiology of Somatosensory Perception 275\u003cbr\u003e9.3 Haptic Feedback for Immersive Systems 279\u003cbr\u003e9.4 Designing Haptic Feedback Systems 292\u003cbr\u003e9.5 Applications of Haptic Feedback Technologies 295\u003cbr\u003e9.6 Summary 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Olfactory Immersion: Smell Simulation 303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e10.1 Introduction 303\u003cbr\u003e10.2 Basics of Olfactory Perception 304\u003cbr\u003e10.3 Enhancing Virtual Experiences with Olfactory Feedback 308\u003cbr\u003e10.4 User Experience Considerations 311\u003cbr\u003e10.5 Future Directions and Innovations 316\u003cbr\u003e10.6 Summary 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Multisensory Integration: Creating Unified Immersive Experiences 325\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e11.1 Introduction 325\u003cbr\u003e11.2 Foundations of Multisensory Integration 326\u003cbr\u003e11.3 Challenges in Multisensory Integration 332\u003cbr\u003e11.4 Synchronization Across Modalities 334\u003cbr\u003e11.5 Applications of Multisensory Integration 338\u003cbr\u003e11.6 Summary 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection 3 Human Inputs and Interactions 349\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Hand Gesture Recognition: Intuitive Interfaces 351\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e12.1 Introduction 351\u003cbr\u003e12.2 Physiology of the Human Hand and Gesture Categories 352\u003cbr\u003e12.3 Fundamentals of Hand Gesture Tracking 355\u003cbr\u003e12.4 Gesture Tracking System Architectures 357\u003cbr\u003e12.5 Key Components of Gesture Tracking Systems 360\u003cbr\u003e12.6 Gesture Recognition Algorithms 364\u003cbr\u003e12.7 Applications of Hand Gesture Tracking 371\u003cbr\u003e12.8 Challenges and Limitations 374\u003cbr\u003e12.9 Future Trends and Research Directions 375\u003cbr\u003e12.10 Summary 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Eye-Gaze Tracking: Enabling Adaptive Interactions 385\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e13.1 Introduction 385\u003cbr\u003e13.2 Physiology of Eye Movement 386\u003cbr\u003e13.3 Types of Eye-Gaze Tracking Systems 390\u003cbr\u003e13.4 Technologies and Methods 391\u003cbr\u003e13.5 Calibration and Accuracy 396\u003cbr\u003e13.6 Integration with VR and AR Systems 399\u003cbr\u003e13.7 Applications of Eye-Gaze Tracking in VR and AR 403\u003cbr\u003e13.8 Challenges and Limitations 405\u003cbr\u003e13.9 Future Trends and Research Directions 406\u003cbr\u003e13.10 Summary 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Speech Recognition: Voice as a Natural Input Modality 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e14.1 Introduction 415\u003cbr\u003e14.2 Fundamentals of Voice Recognition 416\u003cbr\u003e14.3 Types of Voice Recognition Systems 420\u003cbr\u003e14.4 Technologies and Methods 421\u003cbr\u003e14.5 Integration with VR and AR Systems 437\u003cbr\u003e14.6 Applications of Speech Recognition in VR and AR 438\u003cbr\u003e14.7 Challenges and Limitations 440\u003cbr\u003e14.8 Future Directions 442\u003cbr\u003e14.9 Summary 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Facial Expression Recognition: Avatars and Emotional Presence 451\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e15.1 Introduction 451\u003cbr\u003e15.2 Physiology of the Human Facial Expression 452\u003cbr\u003e15.3 Technologies for Facial Expression Tracking 454\u003cbr\u003e15.4 Real-Time Expression Rendering in Avatars 460\u003cbr\u003e15.5 Personalization and User Representation 464\u003cbr\u003e15.6 Impact on Immersion and Presence 466\u003cbr\u003e15.7 Challenges and Limitations 467\u003cbr\u003e15.8 Summary 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Brain–Computer Interfaces: Direct Neural Interactions 477\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e16.1 Introduction 477\u003cbr\u003e16.2 BCI Principles and Systems 478\u003cbr\u003e16.3 Hardware Components 484\u003cbr\u003e16.4 Software Components 487\u003cbr\u003e16.5 BCI Applications 491\u003cbr\u003e16.6 Challenges and Limitations 494\u003cbr\u003e16.7 Future Trends and Research Directions 495\u003cbr\u003e16.8 Summary 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Multimodal Interactions: Bridging Inputs for Holistic Experiences 503\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e17.1 Introduction 503\u003cbr\u003e17.2 The Case for Multimodal Interactions 504\u003cbr\u003e17.3 Principles of Multimodal System Design 506\u003cbr\u003e17.4 Combining Interaction Modalities 508\u003cbr\u003e17.5 Key Technologies for Multimodal Systems 511\u003cbr\u003e17.6 Applications of Multimodal Interactions 512\u003cbr\u003e17.7 Challenges in Multimodal Integration 514\u003cbr\u003e17.8 Future Directions 516\u003cbr\u003e17.9 Summary 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection 4 Systems and Applications 525\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 System Architectures and Designs: Integration Challenges 527\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e18.1 Introduction 527\u003cbr\u003e18.2 Integration Challenges and Usability Considerations 528\u003cbr\u003e18.3 Designing for Scalability and Collaboration 538\u003cbr\u003e18.4 Case Studies in System Integration 539\u003cbr\u003e18.5 Summary 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Applications of Virtual and Augmented Reality: Innovating Across Industries 549\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e19.1 Introduction 549\u003cbr\u003e19.2 Healthcare and Medicine 550\u003cbr\u003e19.3 Education and Training 553\u003cbr\u003e19.4 Enterprise and Industrial Applications 555\u003cbr\u003e19.5 Entertainment and Media 559\u003cbr\u003e19.6 Retail and E-Commerce 562\u003cbr\u003e19.7 Military and Defense 565\u003cbr\u003e19.8 Arts, Culture, and Tourism 568\u003cbr\u003e19.9 Summary 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection 5 Reflections and Outlook 587\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Accessibility and Inclusivity: Designing Safe and Equitable Systems 589\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e20.1 Introduction 589\u003cbr\u003e20.2 Principles of Accessible and Inclusive Design 590\u003cbr\u003e20.3 Accessibility Features in Virtual and Augmented Reality Systems 592\u003cbr\u003e20.4 Inclusivity in Multicultural and Global Contexts 600\u003cbr\u003e20.5 Ethical Considerations and User Safety 602\u003cbr\u003e20.6 Summary 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 The Simulation Hypothesis: Are We Already Living in a Virtual World? 615\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e21.1 Introduction 615\u003cbr\u003e21.2 Origins and Theoretical Foundations 616\u003cbr\u003e21.3 Technological Feasibility 617\u003cbr\u003e21.4 Supports and Counterarguments 618\u003cbr\u003e21.5 Societal Implications 620\u003cbr\u003e21.6 Cultural and Psychological Impact 621\u003cbr\u003e21.7 Future Directions and Research 622\u003cbr\u003e21.8 Summary 622\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Toward the Future: Emerging Directions in Virtual and Augmented Reality 627\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e22.1 Introduction 627\u003cbr\u003e22.2 Technology Trends Shaping the Future 628\u003cbr\u003e22.3 Expanding Applications 629\u003cbr\u003e22.4 Human-Centric Designs 631\u003cbr\u003e22.5 Challenges and Research Opportunities 632\u003cbr\u003e22.6 The Broader Societal and Cultural Impact 634\u003cbr\u003e22.7 A Vision for the Future 635\u003cbr\u003e22.8 Summary 636\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 639\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52428635996440,"sku":"9781119615927","price":92.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119615927.jpg?v=1784682594","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/virtual-and-augmented-reality-fundamentals-and-applications-hardback-9781119615927","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}