{"product_id":"understanding-umts-radio-network-modelling-planning-and-automated-optimisation-theory-and-practice-hardback-9780470015674","title":"Understanding UMTS Radio Network Modelling, Planning and Automated Optimisation; Theory and Practice (Hardback) 9780470015674","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eUnderstanding UMTS Radio Network Modelling, Planning and Automated Optimisation\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eTheory and Practice\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eMaciej Nawrocki (Edited by), MJ Nawrocki (Author), Hamid Aghvami (Edited by), Mischa Dohler (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470015674, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 21 April 2006\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e544 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.2 x 17.3 x 3.6 cm, 1.152 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cem\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\"…this book really fills a gap in the existing literature …it really helps one understand the WCDMA network…\" \u003ci\u003e(IEEE Communications magazine\u003c\/i\u003e, August 2007)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eThis book sets out to provide the theoretical foundations that will enable radio network planners to plan model and optimize radio networks using state-of-the-art findings from around the globe. It adopts a logical approach, beginning with the background to the present status of UMTS radio network technology, before devoting equal coverage to planning, modelling and optimization issues. All key planning areas are covered, including the technical and legal implications of network infrastructure sharing, hierarchical cell structure (HCS) deployment, ultra-high-site deployment and the benefits and limitations of using computer-aided design (CAD) software. Theoretical models for UMTS technology are explained as generic system models, stand-alone services and mixed services. Business modelling theory and methods are put forward, taking in propagation calculations, link-level, UMTS static and UMTS dynamic simulations. The challenges and goals of the automated optimization process are explored in depth using cutting-edge cost function and optimization algorithms. This theory-based resource containing prolific illustrative case studies explains the reasons for UMTS radio networks performance issues and how to use this foundational knowledge to model, plan and optimize present and future systems. \u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Acronyms xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNotes on Editors and Contributors xxix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART I INTRODUCTION 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Modern Approaches to Radio Network Modelling and Planning 3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaciej J. Nawrocki, Mischa Dohler and A. Hamid Aghvami\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Historical aspects of radio network planning 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Importance and limitations of modelling approaches 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Manual versus automated planning 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Introduction to the UTRA FDD Radio Interface 11\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePeter Gould\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction to CDMA-based networks 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 The UTRA FDD air interface 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Spreading codes 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Common physical channels 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Dedicated physical channels 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 UTRA FDD key mechanisms 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Cell breathing and soft capacity 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Interference and power control 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Soft handover and compressed mode 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Parameters that require planning 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Signal path parameters 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Power allocation 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 System settings 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Spectrum and Service Aspects 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaciej J. Grzybkowski, Ziemowit Neyman and Marcin Ney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Spectrum aspects 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Spectrum requirements for UMTS 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Spectrum identified for UMTS 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Frequency arrangements for the UMTS terrestrial component 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Operator spectrum demands 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Service features and characteristics 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Trends for the Near Future 55\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaciej J. Nawrocki, Mischa Dohler and A. Hamid Aghvami\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Systems yet to be deployed 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 UTRA TDD 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 TD-SCDMA 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Satellite segment 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Enhanced coverage 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Ultra High Sites (UHS) 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 High Altitude Platform System (HAPS) 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Enhanced capacity 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Hierarchical Cell Structures (HCS) 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA) 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 High Speed Uplink Packet Access (HSUPA) 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation (OFDM) 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Heterogeneous approaches 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Wireless LANs 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Wireless MANs (WiMAX) 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Concluding Remarks 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART II MODELLING 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Propagation Modelling 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKamil Staniec, Maciej J. Grzybkowski and Karsten Erlebach\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Radio channels in wideband CDMA systems 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Electromagnetic wave propagation 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Wideband radio channel characterisation 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Introduction to deterministic methods in modelling WCDMA systems 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Deterministic methods: comparison of performance 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Application of empirical and deterministic models in picocell planning 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Techniques for indoor modelling 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Techniques for outdoor-to-indoor modelling 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Application of empirical and deterministic models in microcell planning 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 COST 231 Walfisch–Ikegami model 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Manhattan model 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Other microcellular propagation models 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Application of empirical and deterministic models in macrocell planning 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Modified Hata 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Other models 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Propagation models of interfering signals 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 ITU-R 1546 model 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 ITU-R 452 model 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Statistics in the Modified Hata model 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Radio propagation model calibration 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Tuning algorithms 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Single and multiple slope approaches 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix: Calculation of inverse complementary cumulative normal distribution function 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Theoretical Models for UMTS Radio Networks 115\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eHans-Florian Geerdes, Andreas Eisenblätter, Piotr M. S³obodzian, Mikio Iwamura, Mischa Dohler, Rafa³ Zdunek, Peter Gould and Maciej J. Nawrocki\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Antenna modelling 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Mobile terminal antenna modelling 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Base station antenna modelling 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Link level model 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Relation to other models 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Link level simulation chain 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Link level receiver components 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Link level receiver detectors 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Capacity considerations 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Capacity of a single cell system 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Downlink power-limited capacity 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Uplink power-limited capacity 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Static system level model 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Link level aspects 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Propagation data 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Equipment modelling 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Transmit powers and power control 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Services and user-specific properties 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.6 Soft handover 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.7 Complete model 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.8 Applications of a static system-level network model 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.9 Power control at cell level 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.10 Equation system solving 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Dynamic system level model 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Similarities and differences between static and dynamic models 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Generic system model 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Input\/output parameters 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.4 Mobility models 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.5 Traffic models 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.6 Path loss models 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.7 Shadowing models 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.8 Modelling of small scale fading 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.9 SIR calculation 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Business Modelling Goals and Methods 177\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarcin Ney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Business modelling goals 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 New business planning 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Infrastructure development 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Budgeting 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Business modelling methods 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Trends and statistical approach 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Benchmarking and drivers 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Detailed quantitative models 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Other non-quantitative methods 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART III PLANNING 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Fundamentals of Business Planning for Mobile Networks 187\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarcin Ney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Process description 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Market analysis and forecasting 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Modelling the system 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Financial issues 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Recommendations 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Technical investment calculation 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 CAPEX calculation methods 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 OPEX calculation methods 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 The role of drivers: Sanity checking 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Revenue and non-technical related investment calculation 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Input parameters and assumptions 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Revenue calculation methods 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Non-technical related investments 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Business planning results 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Business plan output parameters 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Business plan assessment methods 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Fundamentals of Network Characteristics 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaciej J. Nawrocki\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Power characteristics estimation 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Distance to home base station dependency 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Traffic load dependency 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Network capacity considerations 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Irregular base station distribution grid 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Improper antenna azimuth arrangement 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Required minimum network size for calculations 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Fundamentals of Practical Radio Access Network Design 219\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eZiemowit Neyman and Mischa Dohler\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Input parameters 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Base station classification 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Hardware parameters 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Environmental specifics 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Technology essentials 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Network dimensioning 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Coverage versus capacity 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Cell coverage 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Cell Erlang capacity 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Detailed network planning 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Site-to-site distance and antenna height 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Site location 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Sectorisation 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Antenna and sector direction 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Electrical and mechanical tilt 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.6 Temporal aspects in HCS 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Compatibility of UMTS Systems 271\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMaciej J. Grzybkowski\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Scenarios of interference 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Interference between UMTS and other systems 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Intra-system interference 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Approaches to compatibility calculations 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Principles of compatibility calculations 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Minimum Coupling Loss (MCL) method 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Monte Carlo (MC) method 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Propagation models for compatibility calculations 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 Characteristics of UTRA stations for the compatibility calculations 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Internal electromagnetic compatibility 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 External electromagnetic compatibility 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 UMTS TDD versus DECT WLL 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Compatibility between UMTS and Radio Astronomy Service 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Compatibility between UMTS and MMDS 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 International cross-border coordination 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Principles of coordination 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Propagation models for coordination calculations 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Application of preferential frequencies 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.4 Use of preferential codes 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.5 Examples of coordination agreements 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Network Design – Specialised Aspects 309\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMarcin Ney, Peter Gould and Karsten Erlebach\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Network infrastructure sharing 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Network sharing methods 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Legal aspects 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Drivers for sharing 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Adjacent channel interference control 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Fundamentals of Ultra High Site deployment 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART IV OPTIMISATION 321\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Introduction to Optimisation of the UMTS Radio Network 323\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoni Abiri and Maciej J. Nawrocki\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Automation of radio network optimisation 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 What should be optimised and why? 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 How do we benchmark the optimisation results? 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Location based information 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Sectors and network statistical data 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Cost and optimisation efforts 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Theory of Automated Network Optimisation 333\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlexander Gerdenitsch, Andreas Eisenblätter, Hans-Florian Geerdes, Roni Abiri, Michael Livschitz, Ziemowit Neyman and Maciej J. Nawrocki\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.1 From practice to optimisation models 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1.2 Optimisation techniques 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Optimisation parameters for static models 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Site location and configuration 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Antenna related parameter 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 CPICH power 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Optimisation targets and objective function 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Coverage 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Capacity 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Soft handover areas and pilot pollution 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.4 Cost of implementation 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.5 Combination and further possibilities 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.6 Additional practical and technical constraints 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.7 Example of objective function properties 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Network optimisation with evolutionary algorithms 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Genetic algorithms 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Evolution strategies 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Practical implementation of GA for tilt and CPICH 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Optimisation without simulation 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Geometry-based configuration methods 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Coverage-driven approaches 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Advanced models 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.4 Expected coupling matrices 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Comparison and suitability of algorithms 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 General strategies 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Discussion of methods 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.3 Combination of methods 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Automatic Network Design 379\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoni Abiri, Ziemowit Neyman, Andreas Eisenblätter and Hans-Florian Geerdes\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 The key challenges in UMTS network optimisation 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.1 Problem definition 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.2 Matching UMTS coverage to GSM 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.3 Supporting high bit rate data services 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1.4 Handling dual technology networks 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Engineering case studies for network optimisation 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Example network description 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Pre-launched (unloaded) network optimisation 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Loaded network optimisation 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Case study: optimising base station location and parameters 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Data setting 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Optimisation approach 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.3 Results 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.4 Conclusions 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Auto-tuning of RRM Parameters in UMTS Networks 405\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eZwi Altman, Hervé Dubreil, Ridha Nasri, Ouassim Ben Amor, Jean-Marc Picard, Vincent Diascorn and Maurice Clerc\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Radio resource management for controlling network quality 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Auto-tuning of RRM parameters 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Parameter selection for auto-tuning 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Target selection for auto-tuning 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Fuzzy logic controllers (FLC) 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.4 Case study: Auto-tuning of macrodiversity 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Optimisation strategies of the auto-tuning process 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Off-line optimisation using Particle Swarm approach 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 On-line optimisation using reinforcement learning 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Conclusions 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 UTRAN Transmission Infrastructure Planning and Optimisation 427\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eKarsten Erlebach, Zbigniew Jóskiewicz and Marcin Ney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.1 Short UTRAN overview 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.2 Requirements for UTRAN transmission infrastructure 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Protocol solutions for UTRAN transmission infrastructure 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Main considerations for ATM layer protocols in current 3G networks 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 MPLS-architecture for future 3G transmissions 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.3 The path to direct IP transmission networking 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 End-to-end transmission dimensioning approach 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Dimensioning of Node B throughput 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Traffic dimensioning of the ATM network 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Traffic dimensioning of the IP-Network 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Network solutions for UTRAN transmission infrastructure 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.1 Leased lines 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.2 Point-to-point systems 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.3 Point-to-multipoint systems – LMDS 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.4 WiMAX as a potential UTRAN backhaul solution 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Efficient use of WiMAX in UTRAN 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.1 Dimensioning of WiMAX for UTRAN infrastructure 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.2 Current WiMAX limitations 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Cost-effective radio solution for UTRAN infrastructure 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.1 RF planning aspects 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.2 Throughput dimensioning 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.3 Methods of finding optimal LMDS network configurations 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.4 Costs evaluation of UTRAN infrastructure – software example 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6.5 Example calculations and comparison of results 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConcluding Remarks 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 501\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" 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