{"product_id":"understanding-electromagnetic-transients-in-power-systems-hardback-9781394240555","title":"Understanding Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems (Hardback) 9781394240555","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eUnderstanding Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eLuiz Cera Zanetta, Jr. (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394240555, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 4 June 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e704 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.9 x 15.2 x 4 cm, 1.021 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eUnderstand transients and their roles in power systems with this essential guide\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eElectromagnetic transients are a fundamental aspect of power systems, and therefore a key knowledge area for electrical engineers. \u003ci\u003eUnderstanding Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems\u003c\/i\u003e provides a comprehensive but accessible overview to transients, their underlying theory and mathematics, and their impact in electrical power system design. Its detailed but clear presentation makes it a must-own for students and working engineers alike.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReaders of \u003ci\u003eUnderstanding Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems\u003c\/i\u003e will also find:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eDeep consideration of the relationship between foundational concepts, mathematical calculations, and impacts on equipment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDetailed discussion of topics including time and frequency domain analysis, basic transforms, fundamentals of electrical circuit transients and traveling waves, overvoltage, insulation coordination, and many more\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDozens of solved simple examples to facilitate understanding\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eUnderstanding Electromagnetic Transients in Power Systems\u003c\/i\u003e is ideal for electrical engineers and professionals in utilities and equipment manufacturing, as well as for graduate and advanced undergraduate students learning about transients, electrical circuits, and related subjects.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Transients in Elementary Circuits and the Laplace Transform 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Laplace Transform 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Definition 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Some Transforms and Their Elementary Properties 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Inversion of the Laplace Transform 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 The Convolution Integral 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 RL Circuit 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 RL Circuit with Sinusoidal Voltage Source 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 RL Circuit with DC Voltage Source 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Series RLC Circuit 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 RLC Circuit with Sinusoidal Voltage Source 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 LC Circuit 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Resonance at the Nominal Frequency 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Analysis of Simple Networks with More Than One Loop 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Inductive and Capacitive Elements with Initial Conditions 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Network Analysis 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Traveling Waves in Single-Phase Lines 35\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Basic Equations 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Transmission Line with Losses 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Lossless Transmission Line 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Voltage and Current Relations and Surge Impedance of a Lossless Transmission Line 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Traveling Waves in Discontinuities – Reflected and Refracted Waves 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 A Generic Impedance at the Line Terminal 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Analysis of Discontinuities Using the Thévenin Equivalent 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Nonlinear Elements 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Lattice Diagram 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Sine Voltage Waves 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Traveling Waves in Multiphase Lines 69\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Elements of Matrix Algebra 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Calculation of the Exponential Matrix e Ax 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Modal Decomposition 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Properties of Symmetric and Balanced Matrices 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Diagonalization of the Product of Symmetrical Matrices 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Phase Domain 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Multiphase Line 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Relationship Between Voltages and Currents – Matrix of Characteristic Impedances 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Lossless Transmission Line 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Traveling Waves in Multiphase Lines with Discontinuities 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 Thévenin Equivalent in Multiphase Circuits 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Modal Domain 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Modal Analysis 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Analysis of the Propagation Modes 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Basic Models in the Modal Domain 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Traveling Waves in Discontinuities 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Numerical Solution of Electromagnetic Transients 109\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Single-Phase Models 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Inductance Model 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Capacitance Model 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Resistance Model 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 RL Circuit 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 Single-Phase Transmission Line Models 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Transient Solution Using Nodal Analysis 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Nonlinear Elements 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Resistive Elements 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Inductive Elements 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Conversion of the Saturation Curve 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Representation of Switches 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Multiphase Models 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Three-Phase Inductive Circuit with Mutual Inductances 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Three-Phase Circuit with Resistances and Inductances 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Three-Phase Capacitive Circuit 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.4 Three-Phase Transmission Lines 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Comments on Numerical Errors 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Electrical Parameters Dependence on Frequency 153\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Elements for Mathematical Modeling 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Fitting of Rational Functions 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Convolution Integral by the Recursive Method 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Modal Domain Approach 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Convolution with the Propagation Function 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Convolution with the Characteristic Admittance 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Frequency-Dependent Transformation Matrix 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Model of the Transmission Line with the Nodal Admittance Matrix 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Inverse Fourier Transform 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 State-Space Model of the Transmission Line 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Norton’s Equivalent 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 Calculation of the Nodal Admittance Matrix in Frequency Domain 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.5 Frequency-Dependent Network Equivalents-FDNEs 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Transmission Line Parameters 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Internal Impedance of the Conductor 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Matrix of Series Impedance with Carson’s Corrections 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 Matrix of Series Impedance with a Complex Ground Return Plane 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.4 Matrix of Capacitances 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Elements of Power Electronics 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 LCC – Line Commutated Converters 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Rectifier Bridge without Commutation Angle 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Rectifier Bridge with Commutation Angle 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Inverter Bridge 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Fourier Analysis of Current in Six-Pulse Bridges 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Thyristor Controlled Reactors and Switched Capacitors 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Power Electronics – with VSC 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Voltage Source Converters – VSC in Transmission Systems 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Application of VSC in Renewable Generation 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 VSC Elements 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Converter Bridges 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Gate Drivers 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 MMC – Modular Multilevel Converter 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Converter Control 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Transformation abc\/αβ and αβ\/dq 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 PLL – Phase-Locked Loop 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.3 Elementary Control 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 VSC Models 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.1 Switching Models 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.2 Averaged Switch Models 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.3 Simple Source Models 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Phasor Domain Analysis and Temporary Overvoltages 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Line Energization and Load Rejection 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Line Energization 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Load Rejection 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Faults 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Open Phases in Transmission Lines 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Introduction 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Network Modeling 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Model for Single-Phase Autoreclosure 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Model for Stuck Breaker Analysis 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.5 Single-Phase Autoreclosure 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Voltages Induced in Parallel Circuits 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 General Considerations 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Model for the Capacitive Coupling Between Circuits 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Circuits with Reactive Compensation 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 Comments on Resonance Analysis in Parallel Circuits 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Frequency Response Analysis 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Introduction 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Modeling the Network Elements 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.3 Harmonic Flow 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.4 Harmonics of Transformers 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.5 Harmonics of Converters and Filtering 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Temporary Overvoltages with Transformers 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Transformer Energization and Load Rejection 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.2 Ferroresonance 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Switching Surges 317\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 General Considerations 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Line Energization and Line Autoreclosure 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Energization 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Autoreclosure 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Residual Voltage for Tripolar Opening 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Preinsertion Resistor 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Faults 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 AC Systems 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 dc Transmission Line 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Fault Clearing 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Load Rejection 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Transformer Energization 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Controlled Switching 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.1 Opening and Closing Switching 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.2 Switching of Reactive Compensation and Transmission Lines 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 VFTO – Very Fast Transient Overvoltages 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.1 Disconnector Operation in Gas-Insulated Substations 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9.2 GIS Components Modeling 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Lightning Surges 367\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Data to Calculate Lightning Surges 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Lightning Current 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Wavefront and Tail Time 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Ground Flash Density 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Topography and Soil Resistivity 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Models for Overvoltage Calculations 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Lines and Cables 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Towers 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Tower Grounding 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Substation Equipment 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Lightning Stroke Attachment 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.6 Dielectric Strength of the Insulation 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Transmission Line Analysis 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Lightning Strokes 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Direct Stroke 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Back-Flashover 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Line-Arrester Application 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5 Induced Overvoltages in Transmission Lines 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.6 Underground Cables 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.7 Corona 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Substations Studies 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Air Insulated Substations 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 Gas Insulated Substations-GIS 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Transients in Systems with Shunt Capacitors 427\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 High-Frequency Current and Voltage Transients 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Energization of Shunt-Capacitor Banks 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Restrike and Trapped Charge 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Overvoltages and Arresters 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Voltage Amplification 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Lightning Surges 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Back-to-Back Shunt Capacitor 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Transient Inrush Currents 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Back-to-Back Energization 440\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Restrike 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Faults 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Three-Phase Circuits 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Stored Charges in Ungrounded Shunt Capacitors 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Trapped Charges in Grounded Shunt Capacitors 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Reclosing and Restrike in Three-phase Circuits 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 High-Frequency Requirements for Substation Equipment 465\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Circuit Breakers 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Current Transformers 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.3 Shunt Capacitors 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.4 Surge Arrester 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Transients in Systems with Series Capacitors 473\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Protection Schemes for Series Capacitor Banks 474\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Protection by Spark Gaps 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Protection by Metal Oxide Varistor 476\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Protection Schemes Performance 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Triggering Levels for Spark Gaps 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Reinsertion Overvoltages 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Protection Schemes with MOV 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Complementary Studies 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Transient Recovery Voltage 495\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Fault Currents 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Extinction of the Fault Current 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Transient Recovery Voltage 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Steady-State Component and Transient Component 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Opening Sequence for the Circuit Breaker Poles 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Calculation of the Transient Recovery Voltage 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Current Injection Method and Principle of Superposition 499\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Calculation with Electromagnetic Transient Programs 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 TRV in Single Phase Inductive Circuits 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Current Interruption in Inductances 502\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Inductance and Capacitance 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Transient Recovery Voltage with Transmission Lines 509\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Calculation of the TRV in Three-Phase Circuits 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Three-phase Ungrounded Fault in the Transmission Line 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Three-Phase Ungrounded Fault in the Substation Bus 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Rate of Rise of the Recovery Voltage – RRRV 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.4 Analysis with Symmetrical Components 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.5 Traveling Waves 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.6 TRV Analysis in the Frequency Domain 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Short Line Fault 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Time Domain Analysis 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Analysis with Two-Port Network 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 TRV in Systems with Series Capacitors 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Electric Arc 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.1 Cassie’s Model 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.2 Mayr’s Model 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.3 Stability of the Electric Arc for Small Currents 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Comments on Asymmetrical Faults and ITRV 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.1 Asymmetrical Current 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.2 Initial Transient Recovery Voltage 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Standards for Transient Recovery Voltage 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Surge Arrester 553\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Overvoltage Control – Basic Concepts 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Analysis Using the Thévenin Equivalent Circuit 554\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Three-Phase Transmission Line 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Types and Characteristics of Surge Arresters 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Silicon–Carbide Surge Arrester 558\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Metal Oxide Surge Arrester (MOSA) 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Surge Arrester Application 563\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Rating Selection 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Protection Levels and Insulation Coordination 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Performance of Surge Arresters 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Simplified Model of the Surge Arrester 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Arrester Energy Dissipation 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Arrester and Switching Surges 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Surge Arrester and Fast-Front Overvoltages 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Insulation Coordination of Transmission Lines and Substations 593\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Basic Probabilistic Concepts 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Elementary Concepts 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Probability Density Function and Distribution Function 595\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Function of Random Variable 600\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Joint Probability Density Function and Distribution with Two Random Variables 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Insulation Strength 602\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Impulse Tests for Lightning and Switching Surges 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Self-Restoring and Non-Self-Restoring Insulation 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Withstand Levels for Self-Restoring Insulation 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Insulation Coordination Methods 610\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Deterministic Method 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Statistical Method 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Simplified Statistical Method 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4 Further Comments on Slow-Front and Fast-Front Overvoltages 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Insulation Coordination of Substations 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Power-Frequency Voltage 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Fast-Front Overvoltages 618\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Slow-Front Overvoltages 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Insulation Coordination of Transmission Lines 625\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 Insulation Coordination for Lightning Surges 627\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Insulation Coordination for Switching Surges 645\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 650\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 653\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-IEEE Press","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52173730185496,"sku":"9781394240555","price":86.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394240555.jpg?v=1781168879","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/understanding-electromagnetic-transients-in-power-systems-hardback-9781394240555","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}