{"product_id":"toxic-effects-of-micro-and-nanoplastics-environment-food-and-human-health-hardback-9781394238125","title":"Toxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics; Environment, Food and Human Health (Hardback) 9781394238125","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eToxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eEnvironment, Food and Human Health\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003e (Edited by), Inamuddin (Author), Tariq Altalhi (Edited by), Tariq A. Altalhi (Author), Virgínia Cruz Fernandes (Edited by), Jorddy Neves Cruz (Author), Virgínia Cruz Fernandes (Edited by), Virg¿nia Cruz Fernandes (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394238125, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 12 June 2024\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e608 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.4 x 17.8 x 3.6 cm, 1.379 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThis book provides in-depth coverage of the sources, dispersion, life cycle assessment strategies, physico-chemical interactions, methods of analysis, toxicological investigation, and remediation strategies of micro and nanoplastics.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eMicro and nanoplastics are the degradation products of large plastic compounds. These degraded polymers enter into the natural environment, including air, water, and food, which leads to various significant threats to human health. The nature of these micro and nanoplastics is persistent and consequently accumulates in the exposed person’s body. Research into microplastics has shown that these particles accumulate in various human organs and impart detrimental effects on humans. To safeguard human health, analysis and remediation strategies are necessary. This book provides a comprehensive overview in 24 chapters on the source, distribution, life cycle assessment strategies, physico-chemical interactions, methods of analysis, toxicological investigation, and remediation strategies of micro and nanoplastics. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eAudience\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThis book is a valuable resource for chemists and polymer scientists in various industries including plastics, fisheries, food and beverages, environmental sciences, agriculture, and medicine, as well as government policymakers.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Aging Process of Microplastics in the Environment 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSílvia D. Martinho, Virgínia Cruz Fernandes, Sónia A. Figueiredo and Cristina Delerue-Matos\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Impact of MPs on the Environment 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Pristine and Aged Microplastics 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Influence of Aging Processes in the Properties of MPs 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Simulation in the Laboratory of the Different Aging Effects 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Conclusion 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) of Bioplastics 21\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eA. L. Tecorralco-Bobadilla, A. Vázquez-Morillas, G. González-Cardoso and P. X. Sotelo-Navarro\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Purpose and Approach of this Chapter 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Development of Life Cycle Assessments for Bioplastics 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Discussion 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Concluding Remarks 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Micro- and Nanoplastics--An Invisible Threat to Human Health 61\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnamika Singh, Anjali Joseph, Thyagaraju Badanavalu Madaiah and Shinomol George Kunnel\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Routes of Exposure 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Phenomenon of Microplastics in Nourishment and Nutrients 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Impact of Microplastics and Nanoplastics on Mammalian Health 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Nanoplastics and Microplastics: Effects on Environment and Marine Life 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Conclusions 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Microplastics and Nanoplastics and Related Chemicals: The Physical-Chemical Interactions 73\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eElsa Cherian, Lakshmi Mohan and Sony Elizebeth Manoj\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction to Micro- and Nanoplastics 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Sources and Distribution of Micro- and Nanoplastics 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Ecological Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Food Contamination and Human Exposure to Micro- and Nanoplastics 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Toxicological Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Health 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusions and Recommendations for Mitigating the Toxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Microplastics and Nanoplastics: Sources, Distribution, Behaviors, and Fate 87\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMinoo Giyahchi and Hamid Moghimi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Micro- and Nanoplastics: Principles and Sources 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Micro- and Nanoplastic Behavior 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Micro- and Nanoplastics’ Distribution and Fate: From Terrestrial and Aquatic Environments to the Human Body 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 The Effect of Abiotic and Biotic Factors on MNPs’ Behavior and Fate 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Food 107\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAsra Tariq and Ghaus Rizvi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Sources of Micro-Nanoplastics Affecting Food 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Impact of Micro-Nanoplastics 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Direct Impact on Human Health 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Affecting the Food Chain 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Detection of Micro-Nanoplastics in Food 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusion 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Microplastics: Properties, Effect on the Environment and Removal Methods 125\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnirudh Pratap Singh Raman, Pallavi Jain and Prashant Singh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 An Insight Into Microplastics (MPs) 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Microplastic Definitions 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Properties of MPs 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Primary and Secondary Microplastics 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Microbeads 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Impacts of MPs 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Global Initiatives 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 United Nations Sustainable Development Goal (SDG 14) 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Conclusion 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Identification, Quantification, and Presence of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Beverages Around the World 139\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eLobato-Rocha Sheila Liliana Dafne, Cruz-Salas Arely Areanely, Rodríguez-Villa Aylin Geraldine, Tapia-Fuentes Jocelyn and Álvarez-Zeferino Juan Carlos\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Methodology 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Results 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Microplastic Concentrations in Beverages 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Microplastic Characterization in Beverages 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Human Exposure 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Conclusions 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Terrestrial Systems 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNigina, V. Sajith and Baiju G. Nair\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Micro\/Nanoplastics in Soil 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Micro\/Nanoplastics in Plants 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Micro\/Nanoplastics in Terrestrial Organism 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Conclusion 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Microplastics in Cosmetics and Personal Care Products 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAna Isabel Hernandez-Soriano, Carolina Martínez-Salvador, Juan Carlos Alvarez-Zeferino, Alethia Vázquez-Morillas and M. Azahara Mesa-Jurado\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Methodology 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Results 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Characterization of Microplastics in PCPs and Cosmetics 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Interaction Between Microplastics from PCPs and Other Substances 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Toxicity of Microplastics from Personal Care Products and Cosmetics 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Worldwide Bans on Microbeads in PCPs and Cosmetics 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Conclusions 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Study on Microplastic Content in Cosmetic Products and Their Detrimental Effect on Human Health 253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eVenkatramana Losetty, Gosu Nageswara Reddy, C. Hazarathaiah Yadav and K. Sivakumar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Cosmetic Products in India 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Source of Plastics and Microplastics 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Uptake and Bio-Accumulation of Microplastics 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Effect of Microplastic Exposure on Human Health 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Alternatives of Microplastics in Cosmetic Products 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Conclusions 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Genome 265\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePriyadarshi Mukherjee, Ananya Ghosal, Chayani Mukherjee, Ahana Bhaduri and Mukesh Singh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Source of Micro- and Nanoplastics 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Pathways Through Which Micro- and Nanoplastics Enter the Food Chain 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Harmful Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics on Human Health 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Impacts of Micro- and Nanoplastics on the Genome of Humans 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Toxic Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Several Toxic Effects of Nano- and Microplastics 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Case Study on a Small Regional Place of India (Puducherry) 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Conclusion 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Harmful Effects of Plastics, Microplastics, and Nanoplastics 285\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eNiharika Kulshrestha and Anjani Kumar Rai\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Generation of MPs and NPs 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Techniques for MP and NP Measurement 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Various Methods for the Degradation of Plastics 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Harmful Effects of Plastics, Microplastics, and Nanoplastics 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Measures to Avoid the Further Extension of Harmful Effects of Plastics, Microplastics, and Nanoplastics 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Conclusions 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Hazardous Effects of Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Marine Environment 301\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSmithi Vibha Toppo, Rakesh Gunasekhar, Revathi Ravind and Shinomol George Kunnel\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Fate and Sources of Microplastics 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Minimizing the Microplastics in the Environment 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Severance of Microplastics from Water and Sediments 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Marine Microbial Strains Associated in Degrading Microplastics 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Work Done in our Laboratory 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Conclusions 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Human Toxicity of Nano- and Microplastics 321\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eArely A. Cruz Salas, Maribel Velasco Perez, Ana Laura Tecorralco Bobadilla, Alethia Vázquez Morillas and Rosa María Espinosa Valdemar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Basic Toxicology Concepts 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Challenges and Opportunities for Evaluation of Toxicity in Humans 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Toxicity Studies With Nano- and Microplastics 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Toxicity of Nano- and Microplastic Reported in the Literature 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Conclusions 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Plastic-Related Chemicals: Occurrence in Environment and Ecotoxicological Impacts 347\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eDiana Rede, Cristina Delerue-Matos and Virgínia Cruz Fernandes\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Plasticizers 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Flame Retardants 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Human Exposure to Flame Retardants 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Conclusion 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 The Invisible Threat: Micronanoplastic Materials 375\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnupama Rajput, Shagufta Jabin, Sadiqa Abbas and Prachika Rajput\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Microplastic and Toxic Chemicals 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Organic Pollutants 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Microplastic Toxic Chemical Interaction 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Toxicity to Human 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Toxicity to Environment 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Impact of MiNaPs on Marine Environment and Terrestrial Habitat 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.8 Conclusion 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Comparative Analysis of the Toxicity of Micro- and Nanoplastics along with Nanoparticles on the Ecosystem 399\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003ePooja Mohapatra, Lipsa Shubhadarshinee, Bigyan Ranjan Jali, Aruna Kumar Barick and Priyaranjan Mohapatra\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Literature Survey 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Exposure to Ecosystem and Translocation 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Challenges and Precautions 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusions 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Methods for Micro- and Nanoplastic Analysis 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eVeronice Slusarski-Santana, Melissa Longen Panatto, Fernanda Rengel dos Passos, Keiti Lopes Maestre, Carina Contini Triques, Leila Denise Fiorentin-Ferrari and Mônica Lady Fiorese\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Micro- and Nanoplastics: Source, Occurrence, and Risks 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Pre-Treatment of Micro- and Nanoplastic Samples 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Methods for Characterization, Identification, and Quantification of Micro- and Nanoplastics 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 Conclusions 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 New Approaches for Micro(Nano)Plastics Analysis 471\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eelkamu Biyana Regasa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 471\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Global Plastic Production and Its Waste Generation 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Sources and Health Effects of Micro- and Nanoplastics 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Sample Collection Methods 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Emerging Analytical Approaches 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Single Analytical Methods 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Hyphenated Analytical Techniques 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.8 Current Trends and Future Perspectives 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.9 Conclusions 484\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Enzyme-Catalyzed Biodegradation of Micro- and Nanoplastics 493\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eMasoud Salehipour, Shahla Rezaei, Ali Motaharian, Shokoufeh Nikpour, Mohammad Shaban and Mehdi Mogharabi-Manzari\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 493\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Degradation of Plastics 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Enzyme-Based Degradation of Plastics 497\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Conclusion 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Remediation Strategies for Micro(Nano)Plastics 505\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAylin Geraldine Rodríguez Villa, Sheila Liliana Dafne Lobato Rocha, Jocelyn Tapia Flores, Juan Carlos Álvarez Zeferino and Arely Areanely Cruz Salas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 Methods for the Removal of Micro(Nano)Plastics from the Environment 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Comparison of Different Removal Methods 531\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Prevention and Reduction of Microplastic Pollution 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Conclusions 535\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e23 Removal of Microplastics and Nanoplastics From Water 541\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eJ.E. Castanheiro, P.A. Mourão and I. Cansado\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.1 Introduction 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.2 Sponge\/Aerogel Materials to Remove MPs and NPs 542\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.3 Materials With Metals to Remove MPs and NPs 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.4 Biochar as Material to Remove the MPs and NPs 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.5 Additional Materials to Remove MPs and NPs 547\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e23.6 Conclusion 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e24 Microplastics and Nanoplastics in Aquatic Systems 553\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlsha Subash and Balasubramanian Kandasubramanian\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.1 Introduction 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.2 A Theoretical Assessment of MP and NP Migration and Fate Aquatic Environment 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.3 Pollution in Marine Environment 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.4 Toxicity Comparison of MPs and NPs 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.5 Regulatory Policy 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e24.6 Environmental Implication and Conclusion 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 570\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 575\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Scrivener","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433232101656,"sku":"9781394238125","price":183.89,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394238125.jpg?v=1784852341","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/toxic-effects-of-micro-and-nanoplastics-environment-food-and-human-health-hardback-9781394238125","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}