{"product_id":"the-safety-challenges-and-strategies-of-using-lithium-ion-batteries-hardback-9781394342907","title":"The Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries (Hardback) 9781394342907","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eThe Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eMichael G. Pecht (Edited by), Pecht (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394342907, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 26 September 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e464 pages\u003cbr\u003e28 x 19 x 2.6 cm, 1.161 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive reference detailing the manufacturing, storage, transportation, safety, and regulations of Li-Ion batteries\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries\u003c\/i\u003e presents a comprehensive overview of the safety issues related to lithium-ion batteries. After an introduction explaining the basics of lithium-ion battery technology and the various components used throughout the manufacturing process, the book delves into the design and process of failure models and mechanisms including cell assembly, formation, and electrode preparation processes, discusses the compliance, regulations, and standards of lithium-ion battery transportation, and reviews how environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and atmospheric pressure can affect the durability, performance, and safety of batteries. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe reader is presented with the range of companies that are producing batteries, the various lithium-ion chemistries being implemented in batteries by these companies, and which chemistries are being used for which applications. Next, the various defects in design and manufacturing that can affect the propensity for fires are presented along with best practices. This section is followed by an overview of the qualification tests, quality assurance methods, and standards needed to ensure safe design. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eThe Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries\u003c\/i\u003e includes information on: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypes of batteries and the trade-off between energy density and safety risks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThermal runaway and mitigation strategies such as flame retardants and venting mechanisms\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe reuse, repurposing, and disposal of batteries and how new regulations in the European Union concerning the ability to replace batteries and the right to repair will affect safety risks\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eThe battery supply chain in the consumer, industrial, electric vehicle, and renewable energy sectors\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eData transparency challenges between manufacturers and end-users\/system designers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eWritten by a team of experts, \u003ci\u003eThe Safety Challenges and Strategies of Using Lithium-Ion Batteries\u003c\/i\u003e is essential reading for professionals working in a wide range of industries including batteries, EV, and energy storage.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbout the Editors, Authors, and Assistants xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement xxxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcronyms xxxii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Basics of Lithium-Ion Battery Technology 1\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Yue Shen, Genkai Xia, Sahithi Maddipatla, Lingxi Kong, and Mohammed Saquib Khan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Lithium-Ion Battery Cell Structure and Chemistry 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Definitions of Key Battery Performance Metrics 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Energy Density and Safety Analysis of Battery Materials 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Cathode Materials: LCO, LMO, LFP, NMC, NCA, and Li-SPAN 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Lithium Cobalt Oxide (LCO) Battery 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Lithium Manganese Oxide (LMO) Battery 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Lithium Iron Phosphate (LFP) Battery 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Lithium Nickel-Cobalt-Manganese Oxide (NMC) Battery 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.5 Lithium Nickel-Cobalt-Aluminum Oxide (NCA) Battery 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.6 Lithium-Sulfurized Polyacrylonitrile (Li-SPAN) Battery 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.7 Summary of Cathode Materials 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Anode Materials: Carbon-Based, Silicon-Based, Metal, and Alloying Anodes 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Carbon-Based Materials 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Silicon-Based Materials 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Metal and Alloying Anodes 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Electrolytes: Liquid and Solid Electrolytes 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Liquid Electrolytes 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.2 Solid Electrolytes 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.3 Summary of Electrolyte Comparisons 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Separators 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Polyolefin Separators 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Nonwoven Separators 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 Ceramic Separators 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Future Trends in Batteries 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Summary 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 18\u003cbr\u003e \u003cb\u003e2 Global Suppliers of Battery Raw Materials 21\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Guanwei Jiang, Yu Zhang, Yulun Zhang, Kianoush Naeli, Virendra Jadhav, Sanjay Tiku, Sahithi Maddipatla, and Lingxi Kong\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Analysis of Raw Materials 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Battery Cell Component Production 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Positive Electrode Materials 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Negative Electrode Materials 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Electrolytes 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Separators 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Packaging Materials 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Battery Management Systems 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Summary 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Lithium-Ion Cell Manufacturing Process and Form Factors 39\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Guanwei Jiang, Yuwei Nie, Yu Zhang, Lingxi Kong, and Sahithi Maddipatla\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Lithium-Ion Battery (LIB) Structure Overview 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Lithium-Ion Battery Manufacturing Process 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Electrode Sheet Preparation 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 LIB Cell Assembly 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Sealing of LIBs 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Formation and Testing of LIBs 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Advancements and Refinements in LIB Manufacturing 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Summary 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 The Lithium-Ion Battery Market and Key Cell Manufacturers 51\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHayder Ali and Hassan Abbas Khan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 History of Lithium-Ion Battery Commercialization 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Expansion of the Lithium-Ion Batteries Industry 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Geographic Distribution of Battery Manufacturing 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Demand for Batteries 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Leading Battery Producers Worldwide 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Ltd. (CATL) 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 BYD Co., Ltd. 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 LG Energy Solution, Ltd. 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.4 Panasonic Holdings Corporation 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.5 SK Innovation Co., Ltd. 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.6 Samsung SDI Co., Ltd. 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.7 CALB Group Co., Ltd. 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.8 Farasis Energy (Gan Zhou) Co., Ltd. 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.9 Envision AESC 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.10 Sunwoda Electric Battery Co., Ltd. 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Battery Suppliers and Their Market Clients 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Summary 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Lithium-Ion Battery Cell and Pack Design Considerations 73\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYulun Zhang, Kianoush Naeli, Virendra Jadhav, and Sanjay Tiku\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Cell Design Considerations 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Mechanical Structure 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Chemical Architecture 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Safety Architecture: TCO 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Pack Design Considerations 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Cell Configurations in a Pack 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Battery Management System (BMS) 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Electrical Assembly 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Mechanical Assembly 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 OEM Device Design Considerations 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Device Functional and Performance Requirements 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Enclosure Design for Battery Protection 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Replacement and Reworkability 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 BMS and Smart Charging 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 Usage Patterns and Telemetry 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Summary 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Design and Process Failure Modes and Mechanisms 89\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSahithi Maddipatla, Saurabh Saxena, and Michael G. Pecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Failure Mechanisms in Li-Ion Batteries 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Negative Electrode (Anode) 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Positive Electrode (Cathode) 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Electrolyte 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Separator 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.5 Current Collectors 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.6 Battery Cap Structure 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Lithium-Ion Cell Manufacturing Process 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Role of the Design and Manufacturing Process in Battery Safety 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Internal Short Circuit 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Localized Heating 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Increased Gas Generation 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Malfunctioning of Safety Devices 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Summary 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Thermal Runaway and Mitigation Strategies 113\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Yue Shen, Genkai Xia, Sahithi Maddipatla, Lingxi Kong, Weiping Diao, and MichaelG.Pecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Thermal Runaway in Lithium-Ion Batteries 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Safety Mechanisms and Mitigation Strategies in Lithium-Ion Batteries 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Current Interrupt Devices (CID) 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Positive Temperature Coefficient (PTC) 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Venting Mechanisms 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Flame Retardants 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Shutdown Separators 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.6 Metal-Polymer Current Collectors 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.7 Protection Circuitry and Battery Management System 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.8 Battery Thermal Management Systems 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Safety Mechanisms Used in Cells with Different Form Factors 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Summary 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Battery Qualification 127\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRashed A. Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Key Performance Metrics 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Capacity 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Efficiency 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Battery Cycle Life 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Voltage Stability 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Battery Qualification Process 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Battery Qualification Testing Protocols 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Cell-Level Qualification 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Pack-Level Qualification 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Product-Level Qualification 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Caution Regarding Golden Samples 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Analysis of Qualification Test Data 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Ongoing Reliability Test 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Cell- and Pack-Level ORT 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Cell-Level ORT Guidelines 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.3 Pack-Level ORT Guidelines 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.4 Statistical Testing for ORT 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Summary 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Quality Control in Li-Ion Battery Production: Best Practices and Challenges 159\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDulja Bamunusinghe, Thisali S. Rathnayake, Raveen Sanjaya De Silva, Logeeshan Velmanickam, and Rashed A. Islam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Incoming Quality Control 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Process Control Measures 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Core Process Control Techniques in Lithium-Ion Battery Production 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Implementing Effective Quality Control Measures 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Interconnectedness of Process Control and Quality Management 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Quality Gate Concept 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Screening Technologies for Batteries 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Optical Inspection 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Ultrasonic Testing 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 X-Ray Inspection 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Thermal Imaging 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5 Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.6 Acoustic Emission Testing 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Best Practices in Battery Quality Assurance 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Challenges and Pitfalls 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.1 Raw Material Quality 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.2 Electrode Manufacturing 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.3 Cell Assembly 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.4 Electrolyte Filling 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.5 Formation and Aging 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.6 Testing and Inspection 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.7 Ensuring Consistent Quality in High-Volume Manufacturing 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Key Components of a Quality Control Facility 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Specialized Equipment 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1.1 Battery Cell Testers 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1.2 Thermal Imaging Cameras 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1.3 Cycle Life Testers 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.2 Testing Tools 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.3 Skilled Personnel 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Future Trends and Advancements in Battery Quality Control 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.1 Digitalization and Automation in Quality Control 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.2 Artificial Intelligence (AI), Predictive Maintenance, and Real-Time Monitoring in Quality Control 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.3 Optimization and Quality Control in the Supply Chain Management 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.4 Advanced Material Testing and Inspection Methods 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Summary 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Battery Supply Chain: Quality, Risks and Audits 203\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYulun Zhang, Kianoush Naeli, Virendra Jadhav, and Sanjay Tiku\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Quality Assurance: A Tool for Risk Mitigation for Battery Safety 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Metrics 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Metrology 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Supply Chain Management 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Data Analysis 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Training 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6 Feedback and Audit 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Cell Manufacturing and Quality Risks 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Risk Mitigation Practices for Cell Manufacturing 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Pack Manufacturing and Quality Risks 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Risk Mitigation Practices: Pack 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 OEM Device Integration and Quality Risks 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Risk Mitigation Practices: Device Integration 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Auditing Considerations 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.1 Audit Process 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6.2 Auditing Frequency 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Key Steps in Battery Selection 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Summary 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Storage of Lithium-Ion Batteries 227\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHaibo Huo, Gifty Pamela Afun, Manoj Kumar Lohana, and Sahithi Maddipatla\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Incidents During Lithium-Ion Battery Storage and Analysis 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Safety Tests for Storage of Lithium-Ion Batteries 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 UN Standard 38.3 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 IEC Standard 62281 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Regulations and Standards for Daily Warehousing and Battery Energy Storage Systems 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Lithium-Ion Battery Storage in the United States 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 US Battery Storage Specifications 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 US Daily Warehousing 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 US Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Lithium-Ion Battery Storage in China 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Lithium-Ion Battery Storage in South Korea 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Recommendations for Safe Storage Practices 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.1 Segregation and Separation Requirements 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.2 Ventilation and Temperature Control Measures 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.3 Fire Detection and Suppression Systems 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.4 Emergency Response Planning and Personnel Training 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.5 Monitoring and Inspection Protocols 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 Summary 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 The Transportation of Lithium-Ion Batteries 247\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDinithi Senarath, Prabhashi Amanda Andrahennadi, Nipun Iranga Wijesekara, Logeeshan Velmanickam, Niles Perera, Haibo Huo, and Gifty Pamela Afun\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Environmental Factors That Affect Battery Performance During Transportation 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Effects of Environmental Factors on Battery Performance During Transportation 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Regulations and Standards (and Specifically UN 38.3) 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Specific Testing and Compliance Requirements 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Cell-Level Tests and Concerns in Battery Transportation and Storage 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Pack-Level Tests and Concerns in Battery Transportation and Storage 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Product-Level Tests and Concerns in Battery Transportation and Storage 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.5 Analysis of Costs 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Global Regulations Governing the Secure Transportation of Lithium-Ion Batteries 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Regulations for Transportation by Air 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Regulations for Transportation by Surface (Road\/Rail\/Sea) 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Lithium Battery Transportation Regulations in Different Countries 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Transportation Regulations in the United States 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Transportation Regulations in China 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Transportation Regulations in Europe 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Transportation Regulations in South Korea 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Global Regulations on Lithium Battery Disposal 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Packaging and Safety Best Practices for Shipping Lithium-Ion Batteries 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Summary 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Battery Safety and Reliability Standards 291\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eİlknur Baylakoglu and Yan Ning\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 The Landscape of Battery Safety Standards 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.1 International and Regional Standards Organizations 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.2 Regional and National Regulatory Bodies 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.3 Certification Bodies 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Battery Cell Safety and Reliability Standards 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Transportation Standards 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Abuse and Environmental Standards 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Performance and Durability Standards 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Battery Pack and System Safety and Reliability Standards 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Transportation Standards 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Abuse and Environmental Standards 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Performance and Durability Standards 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 BMS Functional Standards 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Safety Standards and Regulations Incorporating Batteries for Different Applications 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Portable Devices (e.g., Smartphones, Laptops) 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Automotive (Electric Vehicles, Hybrid Electric Vehicles) 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Uninterruptible Power Supplies and Power Systems 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Marine and Navy Applications 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.5 Avionics 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.6 Space Applications 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Trends in New Battery Safety Standards 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Evolving Battery Technologies 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Sustainability 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Battery Management Systems and Data Analytics 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Second-Life Applications 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.5 International Collaboration 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.6 Standardization Gap Analysis 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.7 Fire Hazard Gap Analysis 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Summary 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Battery Rewrapping and Counterfeits 341\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLingxi Kong and Michael G. Pecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Counterfeiting 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Rewrapping 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Counterfeit Batteries in the Market 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Hazards of Counterfeit Batteries 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Summary 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Supply Chain Battery Regulations 353\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShalini Dwivedi and Aparna Akula\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 EU Battery Regulation 2023 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Unveiling the Regulatory Framework: Key Features and Insights 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Evolutionary Shift: Battery Regulation 2023 Versus Battery Directive 2006 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 A Forward Look at EU Battery Regulation 2023\/1542 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Navigating Challenges and Solutions 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Battery Sustainability Practices Worldwide 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 United States of America (USA) 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 China 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.3 Japan 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.4 India 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Summary 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Right to Repair Legislation and the Implications on Battery Safety in the EU 365\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Quanqing Yu, and Yuwei Nie\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Generation and Treatment of Electronic Waste in Europe 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Key Points of the EU Right to Repair Regulations 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Controversies and Discussions Triggered by the Right to Repair Rules 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Manufacturers’ Concerns 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Environmental Impact 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Consumer Experience and Safety 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.4 Insurance Industry Perspective 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.5 Legal Ambiguities 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.6 Economic Considerations 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Measures Taken by the EU to Improve Consumer Ability to Replace Batteries in Portable Devices 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Arguments Against Allowing Consumers to Replace Smartphone Batteries 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Summary 378\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Battery Reuse and Repurposing: Balancing Sustainability with Risk 383\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShalini Dwivedi, Aparna Akula, and Michael G. Pecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Discarding of Batteries 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Repurposing of Lithium-Ion Batteries 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Responsible Battery Repurposing: Navigating Resilience and Safety Concerns 386\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Health of Retired Batteries 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1.1 Counterfeit Batteries 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1.2 Inadequate Testing 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1.3 Compatibility Issues 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1.4 Insurance Coverage 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Beyond “Can We?”: Delving into the Imperatives and Challenges of Battery Repurposing 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Summary 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Risks Associated with Recycling and Disposal 395\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSimin Peng, Jinkang Chen, Jie Wu, and Michael G. Pecht\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Retired Batteries 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Recycling 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Disposal 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Safety Risk Assessment and Suggestions for Different Treatments 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Recycling of Batteries and Chemical Pollution Risks 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Disposal of Batteries and Environmental Pollution Risks 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.7 Examples of Companies That Deal with the Retired Batteries 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.8 Standards for Retired Battery Treatment 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.9 Summary 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEpilog: An Executive Summary 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 415\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-IEEE Press","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433819009304,"sku":"9781394342907","price":103.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394342907.jpg?v=1784853950","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/the-safety-challenges-and-strategies-of-using-lithium-ion-batteries-hardback-9781394342907","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}