{"product_id":"the-hessian-mercenary-state-ideas-institutions-and-reform-under-frederick-ii-1760-1785-paperback-9780521533225","title":"The Hessian Mercenary State; Ideas, Institutions, and Reform under Frederick II, 1760–1785 (Paperback) 9780521533225","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eThe Hessian Mercenary State\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eIdeas, Institutions, and Reform under Frederick II, 1760–1785\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eIngrao finds that Frederick was neither as evil as we might think nor as enlightened as we might like to believe.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eCharles W. Ingrao (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780521533225, Cambridge University Press\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback, published 13 February 2003\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e256 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.9 x 15.2 x 1.8 cm, 0.385 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eIn 1776 Landgrave Frederick II of Hesse-Cassel dispatched 19,000 'auxiliaries' to assist the British in the American Revolution. While Frederick's action continues to color Americans' view of him, his 'enlightened' use of the funds from the soldier trade for domestic initiatives is less well known. In analyzing the origins, course, and effectiveness of domestic policymaking in Hesse-Cassel, Charles Ingrao finds that Frederick was neither as evil as we might think nor as enlightened as we might like to believe. By examining the interplay of Enlightenment ideas with entrenched Christian values, cameralist tenets, and militaristic tendencies, Professor Ingrao downplays the 'enlightenment' component in enlightened government. He also places greater emphasis on the constructive role and active cooperation of corporate bodies than have studies of similar states in the eighteenth century. The impact of the regime's numerous reforms was limited by its adherence to established values, its respect for existing institutions, its reluctance to sacrifice the welfare of any element of the population, and its failure to anticipate the unwelcome consequences of many of its initiatives. Professor Ingrao's findings stress the impracticality of dramatic change in the pre-revolutionary era - or in any pre-revolutionary society.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eList of tables and figures\u003cbr\u003e Acknowledgments\u003cbr\u003e Abbreviations of source names\u003cbr\u003e 1. Hesse-Cassel and the problem of enlightened absolutism\u003cbr\u003e 2. Policymaking\u003cbr\u003e 3. The postwar recovery\u003cbr\u003e 4. The famine years\u003cbr\u003e 5. Foreign and military policy\u003cbr\u003e 6. Cassel's golden age\u003cbr\u003e 7. The final years\u003cbr\u003e Bibliography\u003cbr\u003e Index.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Modern history to 20th century: c 1700 to c 1900 [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Modern history to 20th century: c 1700 to c 1900\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Modern%20history%20to%2020th%20century:%20c%201700%20to%20c%201900%20%5BHBLL%5D%22\"\u003eHBLL\u003c\/a\u003e], European history [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on European history\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22European%20history%20%5BHBJD%5D%22\"\u003eHBJD\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45913081086232,"sku":"9780521533225","price":37.29,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/products\/9780521533225i_06dca63f-28aa-48f1-b2f5-c439b4e0012b.jpg?v=1691369094","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/the-hessian-mercenary-state-ideas-institutions-and-reform-under-frederick-ii-1760-1785-paperback-9780521533225","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}