{"product_id":"techno-economic-modeling-for-chemical-and-bioprocess-innovations-paperback-softback-9781394246410","title":"Techno-Economic Modeling for Chemical and Bioprocess Innovations (Paperback \/ softback) 9781394246410","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eTechno-Economic Modeling for Chemical and Bioprocess Innovations\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eChris Burk (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394246410, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback \/ softback, published 27 October 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e368 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.6 x 15.2 x 2 cm, 0.59 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eBuild spreadsheet-based techno-economic models to understand factors driving economic value\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTechno-economic modeling examines how technical and financial parameters influence the economic value of a technology at the commercial scale. \u003ci\u003eTechno-Economic Modeling for Chemical and Bioprocess Innovations\u003c\/i\u003e is a practical guide to building spreadsheet-based techno-economic models and using them to make better decisions on the road to market. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eInside, this book: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eExplains the role of techno-economic modeling in advancing new technologies toward commercialization.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePresents spreadsheet best practices that form the foundation for effective and efficient techno-economic modeling.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTeaches how to combine process modeling, equipment sizing, and cost estimation in a cohesive and usable spreadsheet model.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eIntroduces techniques for analyzing model results to assess economic viability, quantify uncertainty, inform R\u0026amp;D priorities, and improve stakeholder communication.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvides practical Excel and VBA examples, with two complete sample models available online.\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eThis book equips readers with the tools to combine science, engineering, and cost estimation. It is an essential resource for chemical and bioprocess engineers, including academics, startup teams, and advanced students working to bring innovations into the world.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eShort Affiliation xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIntroduction xxvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart I Spreadsheet Development \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction to Part I \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e3\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Uses for Spreadsheets 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Why Spreadsheets for TEM? 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Alternative Techno-Economic Modeling Platforms 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Importance of Good Spreadsheet Development Practices 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Spreadsheet Development as Software Development 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Back-End and Front-End Spreadsheet Development 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Important Terms 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Introduction 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Anatomy of the Excel User Interface 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 Anatomy of an Excel Formula 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.4 Other Important Terms 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Key Functions 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.1 Math Functions 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.2 Statistical Functions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.3 Lookup Functions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.4 Logical Functions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.5 Financial Functions 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8.6 Text Functions 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Keyboard Shortcuts 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Back-End Development \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Cell-Level Best Practices 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Keep Formulas Short 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Avoid Hard-Coding Numbers 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Perform Calculations in a Consistent Unit Set 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Avoid Using Off-Sheet References in Formulas 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.5 Avoid Linking Workbooks 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.6 Use Named Ranges Where Appropriate 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.7 Consider Replacing Complex Formulas with User-Defined Function 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.8 Treat Percentages as Decimals 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.9 Omit Unnecessary Symbols 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Worksheet- and Workbook-Level Best Practices 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Perform Calculations in Parallel When Possible 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Build Models to Examine a Single Scenario 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Perform Each Calculation Only Once 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Master Tracing Formulas 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4.1 Keep Lookup Formulas Local 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.5 Separate Workbooks into Logical Worksheets 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.6 Make Calculations and Worksheets Modular 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.7 Regularly Refactor 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Front-End Development \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e31\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 General Principles of User Interface Design 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Cell-Level and Formatting Best Practices 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Differentiate Input Cells 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Be Explicit with Labels and Units 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Omit Unnecessary Labels 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Use Appropriate Number Formatting 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Turn Gridlines Off 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Avoid Merging Cells 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.7 Use Consistent Cell Alignment and Indenting 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.8 Set Consistent Cell Sizes 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Worksheet- and Workbook-Level Best Practices 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Choose Table Orientation Deliberately 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Use Named Ranges for Constants and Store them in a Dedicated Worksheet 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Leave Some White Space 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 User Interface Best Practices 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Emphasize Important Inputs and Results 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Include a Dashboard 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Use Graphs and Charts to Visually Represent Results 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Consider the User’s Screen Size and Use 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Documentation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e43\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Nearby Cells 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Cell Notes 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Dedicated Location Within Worksheet 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Dedicated Worksheet 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Separate Document 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Screencast 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Visual Basic for Applications \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e49\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 VBA Basics 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Enabling Macros 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 The VBA Editor 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Dot Notation and the Object Model 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Subroutines and Functions 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4.1 Comments 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.5 Variables 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Working with VBA 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Scope 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Loops 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Conditional Statements 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 With Statements 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Arrays and Collections 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.6 Error Handling 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.7 Debugging 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Applications to TEM 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 When to Use VBA 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 User-Defined Functions 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Macros 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Improving Calculation Speed 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 AI-Assisted Coding 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart II Techno-Economic Modeling \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e73\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Introduction to Part II \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e75\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Methods and Accuracy 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Anatomy of a Techno-Economic Model 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Process Diagrams \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Types and Use of Process Diagrams 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Block Flow Diagrams (BFDs) 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Process Flow Diagrams (PFDs) 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 Piping and Instrumentation Diagrams (P\u0026amp;IDs) 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.4 Hybrid Diagrams 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.5 Process Sequence Diagrams 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Defining Model Scope 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Best Practices 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 General Considerations 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Organization 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Labeling 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Concluding Thoughts 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Process Modeling \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Spreadsheet Structure and Organization 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Settings 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Calculations 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Stream Table 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Results 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 The Stream Table 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Stream Properties 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.1 Description 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.2 Total and Component Mass Flow Rates 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.3 Total and Component Mole Flow Rates 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.4 Volume Rate, Density, and Average Molecular Weight 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.5 Temperature and Pressure 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1.6 Enthalpy Rate and Heat Capacity 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Material Balance Calculations 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Solving the Stream Table 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Recycles 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.1 Recycle Constrained by Overall Conversion 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2.2 Processes Constrained by Impurity Concentration 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Material Rate Basis and Onstream Factor 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3.1 Continuous Processes 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3.2 Batch Processes 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3.3 Other Considerations 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Integrated Material Balance Verification 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Energy Balance Calculations 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Enthalpy Balances in the Stream Table 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Heat Exchangers 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2.1 Heat Exchange Between Streams 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Special Topics 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Stoichiometry 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Vapor–Liquid Equilibria 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Distillation 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 Packed Beds 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.5 Electrochemistry 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Development Workflow 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Equipment Sizing \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e129\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Spreadsheet Structure and Organization 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Utility Calculations 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Fuel 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Electricity 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Process Water 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Steam 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.5 Thermal Fluids 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.6 Cooling Water 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.7 Refrigeration 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.8 Demineralized Water 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.9 Other Utilities 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Sizing Calculations 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Vessels 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.1 General Sizing Calculations 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.2 General Utility Calculations for Vessels 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.3 Liquid-Filled Vessels 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.4 Fermenters 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.5 Active-Material-Packed Vessels 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1.6 Vapor–Liquid Separation Vessels 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Columns 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.1 Distillation Columns 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2.2 Absorption and Stripping Columns 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Fluid Moving Equipment 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3.1 Pumps 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3.2 Compressors 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3.3 Blowers and Fans 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3.4 Vacuum Pumps 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Heat Exchangers 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Heaters and Furnaces 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.6 Filters 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.7 Membrane Systems 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.8 Sedimentation Centrifuges 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.9 Electrochemical Cells 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.10 Unusual or Novel Equipment 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Materials of Construction 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Corrosion\/Material Compatibility 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Strength 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Application-Specific Requirements 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Development Workflow 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Equipment Costing \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e165\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Structure and Organization 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Power-Law Scaling 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Estimating Scaling Exponents from Data 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Geometrical Underpinnings of Scaling Exponents 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Breaking Down a Scaling Exponent 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 The Blended Scaling Exponent 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.5 Limitations of Power-Law Scaling 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.6 The Importance of Similarity 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.7 Novel or Unusual Equipment 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Factors for Adjusting Purchase Cost 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Material Factors 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Pressure Factors 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Miscellaneous Factors 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Cost Escalation 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Installation Factors 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Putting It All Together 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Development Workflow 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Capital Cost Estimation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e189\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Important Distinctions 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Methods for Estimating Fixed Capital 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Equipment Factor Method 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Lang Factor Method 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Overall Plant Cost Scaling Method 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Operating Costs and Revenue Estimation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e197\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Structure and Organization 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Variable Operating Costs 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Raw Materials 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Consumables 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Utilities 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Waste Management 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Operating Labor Costs 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Other Fixed Operating Costs 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Supervision and Labor Overhead 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Maintenance 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Local Taxes, Insurance, and Rent 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Patents and Royalties 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 Interest on Working Capital 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Revenue 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Economic Value Estimation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e209\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Simple Metrics 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.1 Gross Profit and Gross Margin 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.2 Return on Investment and Simple Payback 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Time Value of Money and Discounting 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Cost of Capital 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Putting a Value on the Discount Rate 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Special Case: Annuities 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Levelized Cost 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Cash Flow Analysis 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Project Lifetime 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Investment and Start-up Schedules 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Income Tax 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Depreciation 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.5 Working Capital 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.6 Financing and Interest 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Discounted Metrics 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Net Present Value 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Internal Rate of Return 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Modified Internal Rate of Return 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Net Present Value Percent 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Incremental Analysis 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 The Dashboard \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Dashboard Design 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Best Practices 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Top-Down Modeling \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e239\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Top-Down Model Structure 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Steps to Building a Top-Down Model 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Model Review and Debugging \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e245\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Conclusion: Working with Uncertainty \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e249\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Uncertainty in Process Design 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Uncertainty in the Model Inputs 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart III Techno-Economic Analysis \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e253\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Analysis Methods \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Cost Distribution Charts 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Basic Sensitivity Analyses 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Tornado Diagrams 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Monte Carlo Method 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Scenario Analysis 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReference 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Techno-Economic Analysis in Practice \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Assessing Potential for Economic Viability 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Assessing Risk and Uncertainty 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Guiding R\u0026amp;D 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Communication 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePart IV Case Studies \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e277\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Bottom-Up Case Study \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e279\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Process Description 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Model Walkthrough 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.1 Process Modeling 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.2 Equipment Sizing 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.3 Equipment Costing 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.4 Capital Cost Estimation 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.5 Operating Cost and Revenue Estimation 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.6 Economic Value Metric Estimation 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2.7 Dashboard 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Model Review 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.1 Process Diagram 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.2 Dextrose Costs 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3 Equipment Costing 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 Analysis and Discussion 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Top-Down Case Study \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e303\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Process Description 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Model Walkthrough 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.1 Process Modeling 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.2 Capital Cost Estimation 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.3 Levelized Cost Estimation 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2.4 Dashboard 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Model Review: Comparison with Study Results 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Analysis and Discussion 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 000\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies\" 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