{"product_id":"sustainable-water-treatment-advances-and-interventions-hardback-9781119479987","title":"Sustainable Water Treatment; Advances and Interventions (Hardback) 9781119479987","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eSustainable Water Treatment\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eAdvances and Interventions\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eSiddhartha Moulik (Edited by), Roy (Author), Aditi Mullick (Edited by), Anirban Roy (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119479987, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 24 August 2022\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e688 pages\u003cbr\u003e1 x 1 x 1 cm, 0.454 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cb\u003eSUSTAINABLE WATER TREATMENT: ADVANCES AND INTERVENTIONS\u003c\/b\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThis outstanding new volume is a compendium of reference material which will cover most of the relevant and state-of-art approaches in the field of water treatment, focusing on technological advances for water treatment in four categories: advanced oxidation technologies, nanoparticles for water treatment, membrane separations, and other emerging technologies or processes.\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eApart from this perspective, fundamental discussions on a wide variety of pollutants have also been included, such as acidic wastewater treatment, metallurgical wastewater, textile wastewater as well as groundwater. The editors have not only covered a wide range of water treatment techniques, but also focus on their applications, offering a holistic perspective on water treatment in general.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e Covering all of the latest advances, innovations, and developments in practical applications for sustainable water treatment, this volume represents the most comprehensive, up-to-date coverage of the issues of the day and state of the art. Whether for the veteran engineer or scientist or a student, this volume is a must-have for any library.  \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003ci\u003e Sustainable Water Treatment: Advances and Interventions covers:\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eProvides an insight into various sectors of water and wastewater treatment technologies, introducing key technical topics \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIs a comprehensive guide to technological interventions for water and wastewater treatment \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIs also a reference book for any elective course on water treatment for engineers, scientists, and students, at both the undergraduate and graduate levels \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents the most current and up-to-date advances in sustainable water treatment \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers key technical topics and gives readers a comprehensive understanding of the latest research findings \u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes perspectives on future trends and challenges \u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eIntroduction xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection I: Advanced Oxidation Processes 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Advanced Oxidation Processes: Fundamental, Technologies, Applications and Recent Advances 3\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAkshat Khandelwal and Saroj Sundar Baral\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Background and Global Trend of Advanced Oxidation Process 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Advanced Oxidation Systems 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Ozone-Based AOP 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 UV\/H2O2 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Radiation 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Fenton Reaction 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.5 Photocatalytic 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.6 Electrochemical Oxidation 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Comparison and Challenges of AOP Technologies 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Conclusion and Perspective 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 A Historical Approach for Integration of Cavitation Technology with Conventional Wastewater Treatment Processes 27\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBhaskar Bethi, G. B. Radhika, Shirish H. Sonawane, Shrikant Barkade and Ravindra Gaikwad\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction to Cavitation for Wastewater Treatment 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Mechanistic Aspects of Ultrasound Cavitation 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Mechanistic Aspects of Hydrodynamic Cavitation 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Importance of Integrating Water Treatment Technology in Present Scenario 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Integration Ultrasound Cavitation (UC) with Conventional Treatment Techniques 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Sonosorption (UC+ Adsorption) 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Son-Chemical Oxidation (UC + Chemical Oxidation) 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 UC+Filtration 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Integration of Hydrodynamic Cavitation (HC) with Conventional Treatment Techniques 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Hydrodynamic Cavitation + Adsorption 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Hydrodynamic Cavitation + Biological Oxidation 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Hydrodynamic Cavitation + Chemical Treatment 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Scale-Up Issues with Ultrasound Cavitation Process 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion and Future Perspectives: Hydrodynamic Cavitation as a Future Technology 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Hydrodynamic Cavitation: Route to Greener Technology for Wastewater Treatment 57\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnupam Mukherjee, Ravi Teja, Aditi Mullick, Subhankar Roy, Siddhartha Moulik and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Cavitation: General Perspective 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Phase Transition 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Types of Cavitation 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Hydrodynamic Cavitation 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Bubble Dynamics Model 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4.1 Rayleigh-Plesset Equation 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4.2 Bubble Contents 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4.3 Nonequilibrium Effects 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Physio-Chemical Effects 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.1 Thermodynamic Effects 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.2 Mechanical Effects 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.3 Chemical Effects 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5.4 Biological Effects 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Hydrodynamic Cavitation Reactors 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Liquid Whistle Reactors 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 High-Speed Homogenizers 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Micro-Fluidizers 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 High-Pressure Homogenizers 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 Orifice Plates Setup 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.1 Effect of the Ratio of Total Perimeter to Total Flow Area 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.2 Effect of Flow Area to the Cross-Sectional Area of the Pipe 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.6 Venture Device Setup 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.6.1 Effect of Divergence Angle 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.6.2 Effect of the Ratio of Throat Diameter\/Height to Length 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.7 Vortex-Based HC Reactor 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Effect of Operating Parameters of HC 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Effect of Inlet Pressure 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Effect of Temperature 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Effect of Initial Concentration of Pollutant 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Effect of Treatment Time 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.5 Effect of pH 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Toxicity Assessment 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Techno-Economic Feasibility 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Applications 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Conclusions and Thoughts About the Future 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Acknowledgement 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.10 Disclosure 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Recent Trends in Ozonation Technology: Theory and Application 117\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAnupam Mukherjee, Dror Avisar and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Fundamentals of Mass Transfer 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Mass Transfer of Ozone in Water 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Solubility of Ozone in Water 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.1 Model for Determining the True Solubility Concentration 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Mass Transfer Model of Ozone in Water 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Henry and Volumetric Mass Transfer Coefficient Determination 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.1 Microscopic Ozone Balance in the Gas Phase 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.2 Macroscopic Ozone Balance in the Gas Phase 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.3 Ozone Balance at Constant Ozone Concentrations 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Single Bubble Model of Mass Transfer 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Decomposition of Ozone in Water 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.6 Ozone Contactors and Energy Requirement 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Factors Affecting Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in Bubble Column Reactor 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Fluid Dynamics and Regime Analysis 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Gas Holdup 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Bubble Characteristics 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Mass Transfer Coefficient 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Application 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Conclusion and Thoughts About the Future 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection II: Nanoparticle-Based Treatment 171\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Materials for Water Treatment: Application in Fixed Bed Column Filter 173\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eChhaya, Dibyanshu, Sneha Singh and Trishikhi Raychoudhury\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Target Contaminants: Performance of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Materials 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Inorganic Contaminants 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1.1 Heavy Metals 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1.2 Nonmetallic Contaminant 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Organic Contaminant 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.1 Organic Dyes 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.2 Halogenated Hydrocarbons 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.3 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.4 Miscellaneous Aromatic Pollutant 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Emerging Contaminants 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.1 Pharmaceuticals and Personal Care Products 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.2 Miscellaneous Compounds 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Application of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Materials in Fixed Bed Column Filter for Water Treatment 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Fate and Transport Process of Contaminants in the Fixed Bed Column Filter 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Application of Nanoparticles and Nanocomposite Materials in Fixed Bed Column Filter 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Nanomaterials for Wastewater Treatment: Potential and Barriers in Industrialization 245\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSnehasis Bhakta\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Nanomaterials in Wastewater Treatment 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Nanotechnological Processes for Wastewater Treatment 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.1 Nanofiltration 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.2 Adsorption 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.3 Photocatalysis 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1.4 Disinfection 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Different Nanomaterials for Wastewater Treatment 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.1 Zerovalent Metal Nanoparticles 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.2 Metal Oxide Nanoparticles 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.3 Other Nanoparticles 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Smart Nanomaterials: Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Molecularly Imprinted Polymers (MIP) 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Application of MIP-Based Nanomaterials in Wastewater Treatment 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.1 Recognition of Pollutants 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.2 Removal of Pollutants 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.3 Catalytic Degradation of Organic Molecules 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Barriers in Industrialization 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Cheap Alternative Nanomaterials 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Nanoclay for Wastewater Treatment 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.1 Water Filtration by Nanoclays 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.2 Water Treatment by Hybrid Gel 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.3 Nanosponges 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Nanocellulose for Wastewater Treatment 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.1 Adsorption of Heavy Metals by Nanocellulose 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.2 Adsorption of Dyes by Nanocellulose 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2.3 Barriers in Industrialization 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Toxicity Associated with Nanotechnology in Wastewater Treatment 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Barriers in Industrialization 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Future Aspect and Conclusions 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection III: Membrane-Based Treatment 271\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Microbial Fuel Cell Technology for Wastewater Treatment 273\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNilesh Vijay Rane, Alka Kumari, Chandrakant Holkar, Dipak V. Pinjari and Aniruddha B. Pandit\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Microbial Fuel Cell 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Working Principle 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Role of MFC Components 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Performance Indicator of MFC 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Design Parameters 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Types of Microbial Fuel Cell 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Recent Development in MFC Component 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Recent Development in Cathode Used in MFC 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Recent Development in Anode Used in MFC 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Recent Developments in Membranes Used in MFC 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 MFC for Wastewater Treatment 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Advantages of MFC Over Conventional Treatment 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Challenges in the Wastewater Treatment Using MFC 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Different Ways for Increasing the Throughput of MFC 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Big Reactor Size 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Stacking 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Cathode 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 Anode 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.5 Separating Material 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.6 Harnessing Output Energy 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.7 Increasing Long-Term Stability 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.8 Coupling of MFC with Other Techniques 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Different Case Studies Indicating Commercial Use of MFC 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Other Applications of MFC 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Conclusions and Recommendations (Future Work) 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Ceramic Membranes in Water Treatment: Potential and Challenges for Technology Development 325\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDebarati Mukherjee and Sourja Ghosh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Background and Current State-of-the-Art 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Ceramic Membranes: An Approach to Trade-Off the Bridge Between Theoretical Research and Industrial Applications 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Industrial Wastewater Treatment 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Domestic Wastewater Treatment 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Treatment of Contaminated Groundwater and Drinking Water 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Arsenic Contaminated Water 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Treatment of Fluoride Contaminated Water 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Treatment of Nitrate Contaminated Water 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Treatment of Water Spiked with Emerging Contaminants 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Treatment of Water Contaminated with Pathogens 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Classification of Filtration Based on Configuration 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Direct Membrane Filtration 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Hybrid Approaches 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Pilot-Scale Studies 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Challenges of Ceramic Membranes 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusion and Future Scope of Ceramic Membranes 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Membrane Distillation for Acidic Wastewater Treatment 383\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSarita Kalla, Rakesh Baghel, Sushant Upadhyaya and Kailash Singh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Membrane Distillation and Its Configurations 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Sources of Acidic Effluent 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Applications of MD for Acidic Wastewater Treatment 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Hybrid MD Process 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Implications 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Demonstration of Long-Term Assessment on Performance of VMD for Textile Wastewater Treatment 401\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRakesh Baghel, Sarita Kalla, Sushant Upadhyaya and S. P. Chaurasia\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Transport Mechanism 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Impact of Process Variables on Permeate Flux 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Long-Term Performance Analysis of VMD 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Scale Formation in Long-Term Assessment 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eGreek Symbols 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eSection IV: Emerging Technologies \u0026amp; Processes 415\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Application of Zero Valent Iron to Removal Chromium and Other Heavy Metals in Metallurgical Wastewater 417\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKhac-Uan Do, Thi-Lien Le and Thuy-Lan Nguyen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Wastewater Sources from Metallurgical Factories 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Characteristics of Wastewater in Metallurgical Factories 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.3 Conventional Technologies for Treating Wastewater in Metallurgical Factories 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.4 Zero Valent Iron for Removing Heavy Metals 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.5 Objectives of the Study 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Materials and Methods 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Metallurgical Wastewater 423\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Preparation of Zero Valent Iron 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Batch Experiments 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 Analysis Methods 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Results and Discussion 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Effects of pH on Hexavalent Chromium Removal 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Effects of Feo on Hexavalent Chromium Removal 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Effects of Contact Time on Hexavalent Chromium Removal 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Effects of pH on Heavy Metals Removal 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.5 Effects of PAC on Heavy Metals Removal 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.6 Effects of PAM on Heavy Metals Removal 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Conclusion 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Removal of Arsenic and Fluoride from Water Using Novel Technologies 441\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIshita Sarkar, Sankha Chakrabortty, Jayato Nayak and Parimal Pal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Background Study of Arsenic 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Source and Existence of Arsenic 442\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Effects of Arsenic 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.3 Regulation and Permissible Limit of Arsenic in Drinking Water 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Background Study of Fluoride 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Source and Existence of Fluoride 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Effects of Fluoride 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Regulation and Permissible Limit of Fluoride in Drinking Water 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Technologies Used for Arsenic Removal from Contaminated Groundwater 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Oxidation Method 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Coagulation-Precipitation Method 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Ion-Exchange Method 450\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Adsorption Method 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Technologies for Fluoride Removal from Contaminated Groundwater 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Coagulation-Precipitation Method 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Nalgonda Technique 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Adsorption Method 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Ion-Exchange Method 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Membrane Technology Used for Arsenic and Fluoride Mitigations 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Introduction of Membrane Technology 460\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Arsenic Removal by Membrane Filtration 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2.1 Arsenic Removal by Microfiltration System 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2.2 Arsenic Removal by Ultrafiltration System 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2.3 Arsenic Removal by Nanofiltration System 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2.4 Arsenic Removal by Other Membrane-Based Process 472\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Fluoride Removal by Different Membrane Filtration System 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 A Zero Liquid Discharge Strategy with MSF Coupled with Crystallizer 487\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJasneet Kaur Pala, Siddhartha Moulik, Asim K. Ghosh, Reddi Kamesh and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Minimum Energy Required for Desalination Process 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Minimum Work Requirement 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Recovery Ratio 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Methodology and Simulation 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 MSF Process Description 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Crystallizer Process Description 495\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Modeling and Simulation 496\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 Input Parameters 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Results and Discussion 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Comparison of Energy Demand Between Simulated Model and Theoretical Model 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Impact of Temperature and Flowrate on Thermal Energy 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Impact on Thermal Energy During MLD and ZLD 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.4 Crystallization of Salts 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Conclusion 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Acknowledgment 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 A Critical Review on Prospects and Challenges in “Conceptualization to Technology Transfer” for Nutrient Recovery from Municipal Wastewater 517\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShubham Lanjewar, Birupakshya Mishra, Anupam Mukherjee, Aditi Mullick, Siddhartha Moulik and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Chemical Processes for Resources Recovery 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Chemical Precipitation 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.1 Magnesium and Calcium – Phosphorous Precipitation 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.2 Aluminum – Phosphorous Precipitation 522\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1.3 Ferric – Phosphorous Precipitation 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 Adsorption and Ion-Exchange 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Biological Processes for Resources Recovery 528\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Anammox Process for Nutrients Recovery 529\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Algal Methods for Sewage Treatment and Nutrient Recovery 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2.1 Nutrients Recovery from Micro-Algae Growth 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2.2 Nutrients Recovery from Wetland Plants Growth 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Membrane-Based Hybrid Technologies for Nutrients, Energy, and Water Recovery 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Membrane Based Nutrients Recovery 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Bio Electrochemical Systems (BES) for Resources Recovery 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Nutrients Recovery via Osmotic Membrane Bioreactor 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4 Economics and Feasibility of Processes 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Conclusion 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDisclosure 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Sustainable Desalination: Future Scope in Indian Subcontinent 567\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRudra Rath, Asim K. Ghosh and Anirban Roy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 567\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Water Supply and Demand in India 568\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Current Status of Desalination in India 571\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Commercially Available Technologies 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Reverse Osmosis (RO) 572\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Electrodialysis (ED) 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Membrane Capacitive Deionization (MCDI) 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.4 Thermal Desalination 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Possible Technological Intervention 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1 Solar Desalination 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1.1 Solar Stills 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1.2 Photovoltaic (PV) Powered Desalination in India 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.2 Wave Power Desalination 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.3 Geothermal Desalination 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.4 Low-Temperature Thermal Desalination (LTTD) 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.5 Membrane Distillation (MD) 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6 Forward Osmosis (FO) 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Challenges and Implementation Strategies for Sustainable Use of Desalination Technologies 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 584\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Desalination: Thermodynamic Modeling and Energetics 591\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003eShubham Lanjewar, Ridhish Kumar, Kunal Roy, Rudra Rath, Anupam Mukherjee and Anirban Roy\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Thermodynamics Modeling of Desalination 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Electrolyte Solutions 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Generalized Minimum Work of Separation 596\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2.1 Mass Basis 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2.2 Mole Basis 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Modeling of Major Thermal Desalination Techniques 599\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 A General Multi-Effect Distillation (MED) Process Configuration for Desalination 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1.1 Steady State Process Model of a MED System 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1.2 Performance Parameters Analysis 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 A General Process Configuration of Multi-Stage Flash (MSF) Desalination 607\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2.1 Steady State Process Model of an MSF System 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 A General Process Configuration of Mechanical Vapor Compression (MVC) Desalination 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3.1 Steady State Process Model of an MVC System 613\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Advantage of RO Above Other Mentioned Technologies 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Advantages of RO Process 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 Energy Requirement in Desalination by an Evaporation Technique 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.3 Energy Requirements for Desalination by Reversible RO Process 617\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.4 Energy Analysis of Different Desalination Techniques 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.5 Economic Analysis of Different Desalination Techniques 620\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Exergy Analysis of Reverse Osmosis 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 General Exergy Analysis in Desalination and Its Necessity 625\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1.1 Exergy Efficiency and Its Improvement Potential Analysis 628\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 A Case Study on Reverse Osmosis Based Desalination Unit Reporting Exergy Performance 630\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Conclusion 631\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 632\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 636\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 643\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Scrivener","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52428605718808,"sku":"9781119479987","price":156.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119479987.jpg?v=1784681183","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/sustainable-water-treatment-advances-and-interventions-hardback-9781119479987","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}