{"product_id":"sustainable-water-systems-hardback-9781394294121","title":"Sustainable Water Systems (Hardback) 9781394294121","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eSustainable Water Systems\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eMiklas Scholz (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394294121, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 16 October 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e400 pages\u003cbr\u003e26 x 18.3 x 1.5 cm, 0.68 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA practice-oriented analysis of water treatment systems using low-cost, low-maintenance technologies and sustainable water resources\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eSustainable Water Systems\u003c\/i\u003e, expert water resources researcher Miklas Scholz delivers a practice-oriented resource that comprehensively covers the design, operation, and maintenance of traditional and novel wetland systems used in water resource management. The book offers a performance analysis of existing infrastructure in constructed wetlands, soil infiltration systems, ditches, dry ponds, and silt traps in both developed and developing countries. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eSustainable Water Systems\u003c\/i\u003e addresses economic and environmental challenges, including flood retention and its incorporation into sustainable water supply systems. Readers will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction to low-cost alternatives to resource-intensive water processing plants\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComprehensive explorations of effective water technologies that work well in less developed and rural regions without access to reliable water treatment\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModelling of wetland systems and how to design them for optimal performance\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of industrial wastewater treatment and modelling\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eComplete treatments of sustainable flood retention basins, including integrated constructed wetlands\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for researchers, engineers, and other professionals working in the field of water resource management, \u003ci\u003eSustainable Water Systems\u003c\/i\u003e will also benefit anyone interested in water supply engineering and wastewater treatment.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Natural Wetland Systems 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Hydraulics, Water Quality and Vegetation Characteristics of Ditches 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2 Experimental 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3 Results 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3.1 Characteristics of Open Ditches 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3.2 Water Quality and Vegetation 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4 Discussion 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4.1 Watercourse Classification 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4.2 Total Roughness and Summer Flooding 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4.3 Water Quality Influenced by Vegetation 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.5 Conclusions 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Planted Soil Infiltration Systems for Treatment of Log Yard Runoff 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Introduction 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Experimental Setup and Methodology 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Results and Discussion 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3.1 Log yard Runoff Compared with Drainage Water 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3.2 Comparison of Drainage Waters 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3.3 Comparison of Treatment Efficiencies 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Anthropogenic Land Use Change Impacts on Nutrient Concentrations in Waterbodies 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Introduction 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Land Use Changes and Surface Water Quality 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2.1 Investigations 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2.2 Key Variables 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2.3 Modelling Outcomes 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Proposals for Water Quality Conservation 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Conclusions and Outlook 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Peatland Response to Climate Change and Water Level Management 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Introduction 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Materials and Methods 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.1 Mesocosm Experiments 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.2 Climate Scenario Simulations 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.3 Water-level Management 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.4 Flux Measurements 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.5 Plant Analysis 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.6 Statistical Analysis 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Results 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3.1 Climate Variables Under Different Scenarios 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3.2 Climate, Water Level and Respiration 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3.3 Climate Change, Water Level and Plant Distribution 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Discussion 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4.1 Interactions 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4.2 Effect of Climate on the Carbon Sink Function of Unmanaged Mesocosms 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4.3 Impact of Drought on the Carbon Sink Function of Unmanaged Mesocosms 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4.4 Interactive Effects on the Carbon Sink Function of Managed Mesocosms 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.5 Conclusions and Recommendations 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Urban Water and Sustainable Drainage Systems 63\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Full Silt Traps Discharging into Watercourses 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Introduction 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Study Site, Materials and Methods 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Results and Discussion 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3.1 Water and Sediment Quality of the Silt Trap 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3.2 Water Quality of the Full Silt Trap During Dry- and Wet-Weather Flow 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3.3 Water Quality of the Receiving Watercourse 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Conclusions 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Filter Media, Plant Communities and Microbiology within Constructed Wetlands 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Introduction 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Materials and Methods 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.1 Environmental Conditions and Operation 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.2 Filter Media Composition 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.3 Analytical Procedures 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2.4 Micro-biological and Plant Examinations 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Results and Discussion 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3.1 Filter Media Costs 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3.2 Comparison of Treatment Efficiencies 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3.3 Metal Analysis 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3.4 Water Quality and Micro-biology 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.4 Conclusions 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Vertical Subsurface Flow-Constructed Wetlands with Different Substrates 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Introduction 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Materials and Methods 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Results and Discussion 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.1 Adsorption Isotherm Experiments 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3.2 Column Experiments 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Conclusions 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Treatment of Gully Pot Effluent with Constructed Wetlands 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Introduction 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Materials and Methods 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.1 Study Site and Filter Media Composition 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.2 Environmental Conditions and Operation 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.3 Metal and Other Variable Determinations 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Results 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Discussion 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4.1 Performance Comparison 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4.2 Constructed Wetlands, Sustainability and Filterability 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4.3 Alternative Treatment 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.5 Conclusions and Further Research 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Wetland and Dry Pond System 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Introduction 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Case Study and Methodology 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Results and Discussion 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.1 Water Quality 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.2 Capacity of the System 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.3 Economics 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.4 Risk of Flooding and Infiltration 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.5 Sustainable Water Industry Asset Resource Decisions Analysis 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Conclusions 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Permeable Pavement and Ground Source Heating Pump Systems 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Introduction 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2 Methodology 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.1 Environmental Conditions 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.2 Components of Rigs 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.3 Operational Conditions 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.4 Water Quality 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3 Results and Discussion 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3.1 Water Quality 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3.2 Prevention of Water-related Diseases 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3.3 Influence of Temperature 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Permeable Pavement and Photocatalytic Titanium Dioxide Oxidation System 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.1 Introduction 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2 Materials and Methods 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.1 Permeable Pavement Engineering 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.2 Photocatalytic Processes with Titanium Dioxide 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.3 Experimental Permeable Pavement Set-up 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.4 Experimental Set-up of the Photochemical Experiments 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.5 Analytical and Microbiological Procedures 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2.6 Photocatalytic Disinfection Model 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.3 Results and Discussion 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.3.1 Permeable Pavement Contaminant Removal Efficiency 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.3.2 Microbial Photochemical Deactivation 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4 Conclusions 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Refurbishment and Improvement of Screen Systems for Flood Control and Water Protection 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1 Introduction and Background 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.1 Local Flooding Due to Heavy Rain 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.2 Existing Screen Systems 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.3 Screen Maintenance 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.4 Screen Design 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.5 Automated Screens 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.6 Supporting Structures 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.1.7 Objectives 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2 Methodology 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2.1 Locality 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2.2 Digital Recording and Geo-systems 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2.3 Inspection of the Locality 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2.4 Follow-up and Analysis 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.2.5 Measures of Prioritisation 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.3 Results and Discussions 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.3.1 Characteristics of Screen Systems 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.3.2 Screen System Maintenance 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.3.3 Recommendations for Action 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8.4 Conclusions and Outlook 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Sustainable Flood Retention Basins including Integrated Constructed Wetlands 163\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Sustainable Flood Retention Basin Management 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Introduction 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Methodology 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2.1 Data 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2.2 Variograms 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2.3 Kriging 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Results and Discussion 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3.1 Findings Based on Ordinary Kriging 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3.2 Findings Based on Disjunctive Kriging 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3.3 Consequences for Flood Risk Management 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Conclusions 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Nutrient Release from Integrated Constructed Wetland Sediment 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Introduction 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Materials and Methods 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.1 Site and Experimental Set-up 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.2 Sampling and Analytical Methods 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Results and Discussion 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.1 Comparison of Treatment Performances 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.2 Vegetation 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.3 Groundwater Contamination 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3.4 Sediment Management 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Groundwater Quality Impacts from an Integrated Constructed Wetland 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Introduction 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Materials and Methods 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2.1 Study Site Description 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2.2 Monitoring Wells and Groundwater Sampling 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2.3 Monitoring and Analysis 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2.4 Statistical Analyses 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Results and Discussion 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3.1 Piezometer Hydrographs and Seasonal Fluctuations 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3.2 Contaminant Concentrations in Groundwater 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3.3 Factors Influencing the Variability in Groundwater Quality 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Conclusions 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Water and Wastewater Treatment Technology and Modelling 221\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Biological Activated Carbon Beds 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Introduction 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Materials and Methods 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Results and Discussion 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3.1 Biomass Growth Monitoring and Control 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3.2 Biological Indicator Significance 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3.3 Spreadsheet Modelling of Filter Effluents 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.4 Conclusions 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Constructed Wetlands Treating Sewage 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Introduction 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Case Studies and Methods 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.1 Description of Wetland Systems 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.2 Water Quality Monitoring and Limitations 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Results and Discussion 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.1 Water Quality and Performance Efficiency 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.2 Seasonal Variations and Wetland Aging 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Neural Network Simulation of the Chemical Oxygen Demand Reduction 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Introduction 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Materials and Methods 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.1 Source of Data 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.2 Neural Network Model 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Results and Discussion 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Industrial Wastewater Treatment and Modelling 257\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Membrane Bioreactors and Constructed Wetlands Treating Rendering Wastewater 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Introduction 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Materials and Methods 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2.1 Industrial Rendering Plant 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2.2 Constructed Wetland 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2.3 Membrane Bioreactor 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2.4 Water Quality Analysis 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Results and Discussion 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.1 Water Quality of the Dissolved Air Flotation Plant 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.2 Water Quality of the Membrane Bioreactor 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.3 Water Quality of the Constructed Wetland 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.4 Comparison of Treatment Performances 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.5 Water Quality Variability of the Membrane Bioreactor 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3.6 Sampling Optimisation 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Conclusions 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Benzene Removal with Constructed Treatment Wetlands 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Introduction 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1.1 Constructed Treatment Wetlands 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1.2 Benzene Removal 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1.3 Aim and Objectives 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Materials and Methods 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.1 System Design and Operation 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2.2 Biodegradation and Volatilisation 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Results and Discussion 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.1 Treatment Performance 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3.2 Impact of Volatilisation 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 Conclusions 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Diesel Oil Spillage Removal Using Agricultural Waste Products 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Introduction 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Materials and Methods 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2.1 Materials 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2.2 Methods 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Results and Discussion 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.1 Sorption Capacity of the Agricultural Wastes 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.2 Floating Performance of the Wastes 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3.3 Orthogonal Design 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Kohonen Self-Organising Map to Predict Biochemical Oxygen Demand 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Introduction 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Literature Review 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Methodology 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 Case Study 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 Numerical Analysis and Modelling 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.6 Results 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.7 Discussion 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.8 Conclusions and Recommendations 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Sludge Dewatering Tests 311\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Dewaterability Assessment Including the Capillary Suction Time Test 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Introduction 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Materials and Methodology 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2.1 Capillary Suction Time Devices and Measurements 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2.2 Testing of Different Papers 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2.3 Testing of Different Sludges 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2.4 Stirred Capillary Suction Time Test 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Results and Discussion 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.1 Single Radii Test and Paper Application 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.2 Multi-radii Test and Paper Application 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.3 Rectangular Testing Device 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.4 Stirring of Sludge to Avoid Sedimentation 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.5 Primary Sludge 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.6 Surplus Activated Sludge 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.7 Synthetic Sludge 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3.8 Selection of an Alternative Test Apparatus, Procedure and Paper 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Conclusions and Further Research 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Improved Design and Precision of the Capillary Suction Time Testing Device 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Introduction 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Methodology 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.1 Preparation of Synthetic Sludge 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.2 Physical and Chemical Properties of Synthetic Sludge 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.3 Funnel Sealant 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2.4 Experimental Design and Testing 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Results and Discussion 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3.1 Synthetic Sludge Properties 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3.2 Effect of Sealant on Test Accuracy 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3.3 Quantifying the Leakage 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3.4 Specific Resistance to Filtration Accuracy 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Sludge Floc Size and Water Composition Impact on Dewaterability 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Introduction 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Materials and Methods 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.1 Dewaterability Tests 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.2 Coagulants and Mixers 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.3 Sample Preparation 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2.4 Coagulation Experiments 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Results and Discussions 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.1 Impact of Synthetic Raw Water Flocs on Dewaterability 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.2 Impact of Synthetic Domestic Wastewater Flocs on Dewaterability 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.3 Synthetic Raw Water Floc Size Distribution 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.4 Synthetic Domestic Wastewater Floc Size Distribution 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3.5 Natural Water Floc Size Distribution 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Conclusions and Recommendations 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Water Availability and Public Health 349\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Methodology 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Results and Discussion 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Water Resources and Usage 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Water Availability and Public Health 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Potential for Community Involvement 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Conclusions 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix The Questionnaire 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection A: Personal Data 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection B: Household Water Collection and Use 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection C: Water and Water-Related Diseases 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection D: Community Water 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSection E: Community Participation in Water Supply Development 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 363\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Science: general issues [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Science: general issues\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Science:%20general%20issues%20%5BPD%5D%22\"\u003ePD\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433307042072,"sku":"9781394294121","price":109.35,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394294121.jpg?v=1784853184","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/sustainable-water-systems-hardback-9781394294121","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}