{"product_id":"statistical-methodologies-with-medical-applications-hardback-9781119258490","title":"Statistical Methodologies with Medical Applications (Hardback) 9781119258490","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eStatistical Methodologies with Medical Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003ePoduri S.R.S. Rao (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119258490, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 9 December 2016\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e288 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.9 x 15.5 x 2 cm, 0.476 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eThis book presents the methodology and applications of a range of important topics in statistics, and is designed for graduate students in Statistics and  Biostatistics and for medical researchers.  Illustrations and more than ninety exercises with solutions are presented.  They are constructed from the research findings of the medical journals, summary reports of the Centre for Disease Control (CDC)  and the World Health Organization (WHO), and practical situations.  The illustrations and exercises are related to topics such as immunization, obesity, hypertension, lipid levels, diet and exercise, harmful effects of smoking and air pollution, and the benefits of gluten free diet. \u003cbr\u003eThis book can be recommended for a one or two semester graduate level course for students studying Statistics, Biostatistics, Epidemiology and Health Sciences.  It will also be useful as a companion for medical researchers and research oriented physicians. \u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eTopics for illustrations, examples and exercises xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of abbreviations xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Statistical measures 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Mean, mode and median 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Variance and standard deviation 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Quartiles, deciles and percentiles 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Skewness and kurtosis 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Frequency distributions 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Covariance and correlation 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Joint frequency distribution 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Linear transformation of the observations 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 Linear combinations of two sets of observations 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Probability, random variable, expected value and variance 14\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Events and probabilities 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Mutually exclusive events 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Independent and dependent events 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Addition of probabilities 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Bayes’ theorem 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Random variables and probability distributions 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Expected value, variance and standard deviation 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.9 Moments of a distribution 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Odds ratios, relative risk, sensitivity, specificity and the ROC curve 19\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Odds ratio 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Relative risk 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Sensitivity and specificity 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 The receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Probability distributions, expectations, variances and correlation 24\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Probability distribution of a discrete random variable 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Discrete distributions 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Uniform distribution 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Binomial distribution 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Multinomial distribution 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.4 Poisson distribution 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.5 Hypergeometric distribution 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Continuous distributions 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Uniform distribution of a continuous variable 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Normal distribution 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Normal approximation to the binomial distribution 30\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Gamma distribution 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Exponential distribution 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.6 Chisquare distribution 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.7 Weibull distribution 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.8 Student’s t, and F distributions 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Joint distribution of two discrete random variables 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Conditional distributions, means and variances 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Unconditional expectations and variances 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Bivariate normal distribution 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A4 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.1 Expected values and standard deviations of the distributions 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA4.2 Covariance and Correlation of the Numbers of Successes X and Failures (n – X) of the Binomial Random Variable 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Means, standard errors and confidence limits 40\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Expectation, variance and standard error (S.E.) of the sample mean 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Estimation of the variance and standard error 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Confidence limits for the mean 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Estimator and confidence limits for the difference of two means 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Approximate confidence limits for the difference of two means 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Large samples 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Welch-Aspin approximation (1949, 1956) 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.3 Cochran’s approximation (1964) 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Matched samples and paired comparisons 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Confidence limits for the variance 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Confidence limits for the ratio of two variances 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Least squares and maximum likelihood methods of estimation 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A5 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.1 Tschebycheff’s inequality 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.2 Mean square error 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Proportions, odds ratios and relative risks: Estimation and confidence limits 54\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 A single proportion 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Confidence limits for the proportion 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Difference of two proportions or percentages 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Combining proportions from independent samples 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 More than two classes or categories 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Odds ratio 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Relative risk 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A6 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA6. 1 Approximation to the variance of lnp 1 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Tests of hypotheses: Means and variances 62\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Principle steps for the tests of a hypothesis 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Null and alternate hypotheses 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Decision rule, test statistic and the Type I \u0026amp; II errors 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Significance level and critical region 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 The p-value 64\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Power of the test and the sample size 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Right-sided alternative, test statistic and critical region 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 The p-value 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Power of the test 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Sample size required for specified power 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.4 Right-sided alternative and estimated variance 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.5 Power of the test with estimated variance 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Left-sided alternative and the critical region 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 The p-value 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Power of the test 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Sample size for specified power 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Left-sided alternative with estimated variance 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Two-sided alternative, critical region and the p-value 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Power of the test 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Sample size for specified power 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Two-sided alternative and estimated variance 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Difference between two means: Variances known 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Difference between two means: Variances estimated 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Matched samples and paired comparison 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Test for the variance 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Test for the equality of two variances 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Homogeneity of variances 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Tests of hypotheses: Proportions and percentages 82\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 A single proportion 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Right-sided alternative 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Critical region 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 The p-value 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Power of the test 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Sample size for specified power 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Left-sided alternative 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Critical region 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 The p-value 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Power of the test 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.4 Sample size for specified power 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Two-sided alternative 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Critical region 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 The p-value 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Power of the test 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 Sample size for specified power 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Difference of two proportions 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Right-sided alternative: Critical region and p-value 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Right-sided alternative: Power and sample size 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Left-sided alternative: Critical region and p-value 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 Left-sided alternative: Power and sample size 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.5 Two-sided alternative: Critical region and p-value 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.6 Power and sample size 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Specified difference of two proportions 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Equality of two or more proportions 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 A common proportion 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 The Chisquare statistic 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 The test statistic 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 A single proportion 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Specified proportions 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Test of goodness of fit 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Test of Independence: (r X C) Classification 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Test of independence: (2x2) classification 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 Fisher’s exact test of independence 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 Mantel-Hanszeltest statistic 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A9 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA9.1 Derivations of 9.4(a) 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA9.2 Equality of the proportions 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Regression and correlation 110\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 The regression model: One independent variable 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Least squares estimation of the regression 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Properties of the estimators 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 ANOVA (Analysis of Variance) for the significance of the regression 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Tests of hypotheses, confidence limits and prediction intervals 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Regression on two independent variables 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Properties of the estimators 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 ANOVA for the significance of the regression 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Tests of hypotheses, confidence limits and prediction intervals 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Multiple regression: The least squares estimation 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 ANOVA for the significance of the regression 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Tests of hypotheses, confidence limits and prediction intervals 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Multiple correlation, adjusted R 2 and partial correlation 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Effect of including two or more independent variables and the partial F-test 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.5 Equality of two or more series of regressions 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Indicator variables 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Separate regressions 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Regressions with equal slopes 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.3 Regressions with the same intercepts 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Regression through the origin 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Estimation of trends 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Logistic regression and the odds ratio 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 A single continuous predictor 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.2 Two continuous predictors 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.3 A single dichotomous predictor 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Weighted Least Squares (WLS) estimator 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Correlation 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10.1 Test of the hypothesis that two random variables are uncorrelated 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10.2 Test of the hypothesis that the correlation coefficient takes a specified value 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10.3 Confidence limits for the correlation coefficient 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Further topics in regression 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.1 Linearity of the regression model and the lack of fit test 144\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.2 the Assumption That V (ε I X\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e)= σ\u003csup\u003e2\u003c\/sup\u003e , Same at Each X\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.3 Missing observations 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.4 Transformation of the regression model 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.5 Errors of Measurements of (X\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e , Y\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e) 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A10 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA0.1 Square of the Correlation of Y\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e and Ŷ\u003csub\u003ei\u003c\/sub\u003e 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA10.2 Multiple regression 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA10.3 Expression for SSR in (10.38) 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Analysis of variance and covariance: Designs of experiments 152\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 One-way classification: Balanced design 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 One-way random effects model: Balanced design 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Inference for the variance components and the mean 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 One-way classification: Unbalanced design and fixed effects 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Unbalanced one-way classification: Random effects 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Intraclass correlation 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Analysis of covariance: The balanced design 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.1 The model and least squares estimation 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.2 Tests of hypotheses for the slope coefficient and equality of the means 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8.3 Confidence limits for the adjusted means and their differences 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 Analysis of covariance: Unbalanced design 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9.1 Confidence limits for the adjusted means and the differences of the treatment effects 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10 Randomized blocks 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10.1 Randomized blocks: Random and mixed effects models 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.11 Repeated measures design 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.12 Latin squares 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.12.1 The model and analysis 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.13 Cross-over design 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14 Two-way cross-classification 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14.1 Additive model: Balanced design 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14.2 Two-way cross-classification with interaction: Balanced design 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14.3 Two-way cross-classification: Unbalanced additive model 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14.4 Unbalanced cross-classification with interaction 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14.5 Multiplicative interaction and Tukey’s test for nonadditivity 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.15 Missing observations in the designs of experiments 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A11 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA11.1 Variance of σ\u003csub\u003eα\u003c\/sub\u003e\u003csup\u003e 2\u003c\/sup\u003e in (11.25) from Rao (1997, p. 20) 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA11.2 The total sum of squares (T\u003csub\u003exx\u003c\/sub\u003e , T\u003csub\u003eyy\u003c\/sub\u003e) and sum of products (T\u003csub\u003exy\u003c\/sub\u003e) can be expressed as the within and between components as follows 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Meta-analysis 190\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Illustrations of large-scale studies 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Fixed effects model for combining the estimates 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Random effects model for combining the estimates 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Alternative estimators for σ 2 α 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Tests of hypotheses and confidence limits for the variance components 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A12 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Survival analysis 197\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Survival and hazard functions 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Kaplan-Meir product-limit estimator 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Standard error of Ŝ(t\u003csub\u003em\u003c\/sub\u003e) and confidence limits for S(t\u003csub\u003em\u003c\/sub\u003e) 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Confidence limits for S(t\u003csub\u003em\u003c\/sub\u003e) with the right-censored observations 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Log-Rank test for the equality of two survival distributions 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Cox’s proportional hazard model 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A13 Expected value and variance of Ŝ(t\u003csub\u003em\u003c\/sub\u003e) and confidence limits for S(t\u003csub\u003em\u003c\/sub\u003e) 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Nonparametric statistics 205\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Spearman’s rank correlation coefficient 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 The Sign test 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Wilcoxon (1945) Matched-pairs Signed-ranks test 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Wilcoxon’s test for the equality of the distributions of two non-normal populations with unpaired sample observations 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Unequal sample sizes 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 McNemer’s (1955) matched pair test for two proportions 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Cochran’s (1950) Q-test for the difference of three or more matched proportions 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA test by ranks 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Further topics 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Bonferroni inequality and the Joint Confidence Region 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Least significant difference (LSD) for a pair of treatment effects 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Tukey’s studentized range test 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Scheffe’s simultaneous confidence intervals 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Bootstrap confidence intervals 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Transformations for the ANOVA 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A15 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA5.1 Variance stabilizing transformation 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSolutions to exercises 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix tables 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 264\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Mathematics [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Mathematics\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Mathematics%20%5BPB%5D%22\"\u003ePB\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand 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