{"product_id":"separation-and-purification-technologies-in-biorefineries-hardback-9780470977965","title":"Separation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries (Hardback) 9780470977965","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eSeparation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eShri Ramaswamy (Edited by), S Ramaswamy (Author), Hua-Jiang Huang (Edited by), Bandaru V. Ramarao (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780470977965, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 8 March 2013\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e608 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.4 x 19.8 x 3.4 cm, 1.179 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSeparation and purification processes play a critical role in biorefineries and their optimal selection, design and operation to maximise product yields and improve overall process efficiency. Separations and purifications are necessary for upstream processes as well as in maximising and improving product recovery in downstream processes. These processes account for a significant fraction of the total capital and operating costs and also are highly energy intensive. Consequently, a better understanding of separation and purification processes, current and possible alternative and novel advanced methods is essential for achieving the overall techno-economic feasibility and commercial success of sustainable biorefineries. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eThis book presents a comprehensive overview focused specifically on the present state, future challenges and opportunities for separation and purification methods and technologies in biorefineries. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003eTopics covered include: \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eEquilibrium Separations:\u003c\/b\u003e Distillation, liquid-liquid extraction and supercritical fluid extraction. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eAffinity-Based Separations:\u003c\/b\u003e Adsorption, ion exchange, and simulated moving bed technologies. \u003cb\u003e\u003cbr\u003eMembrane Based Separations:\u003c\/b\u003e Microfiltration, ultrafiltration and diafiltration, nanofiltration, membrane pervaporation, and membrane distillation. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eSolid-liquid Separations:\u003c\/b\u003e Conventional filtration and solid-liquid extraction. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cb\u003eHybrid\/Integrated Reaction-Separation Systems:\u003c\/b\u003e Membrane bioreactors, extractive fermentation, reactive distillation and reactive absorption. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003eFor each of these processes, the fundamental principles and design aspects are presented, followed by a detailed discussion and specific examples of applications in biorefineries. Each chapter also considers the market needs, industrial challenges, future opportunities, and economic importance of the separation and purification methods. The book concludes with a series of detailed case studies including cellulosic bioethanol production, extraction of algae oil from microalgae, and production of biopolymers. \u003cbr\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\u003ci\u003eSeparation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries\u003c\/i\u003e is an essential resource for scientists and engineers, as well as researchers and academics working in the broader conventional and emerging bio-based products industry, including biomaterials, biochemicals, biofuels and bioenergy.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eList of Contributors xix\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003ePreface xxiii\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART I INTRODUCTION 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Overview of Biomass Conversion Processes and Separation and Purification Technologies in Biorefineries 3\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eHua-Jiang Huang and Shri Ramaswamy\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Biochemical conversion biorefineries 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Thermo-chemical and other chemical conversion biorefineries 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Integrated lignocellulose biorefineries 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Separation and purification processes 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Summary 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART II EQUILIBRIUM-BASED SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Distillation 39\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eZhigang Lei and Biaohua Chen\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Ordinary distillation 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Azeotropic distillation 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Extractive distillation 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Molecular distillation 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Comparisons of different distillation processes 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Conclusions and future trends 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Liquid-Liquid Extraction (LLE) 61\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eJianguo Zhang and Bo Hu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction to LLE: Literature review and recent developments 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Fundamental principles of LLE 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Categories of LLE design 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Equipment for the LLE process 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Applications in biorefineries 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 The future development of LLE for the biorefinery setting 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Supercritical Fluid Extraction 79\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eCasimiro Mantell, Lourdes Casas, Miguel Rodríguez and Enrique Martínez de la Ossa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Principles of supercritical fluids 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Market and industrial needs 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Design and modeling of the process 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Film theory 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Specific examples in biorefineries 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Conclusions and future trends 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART III AFFINITY-BASED SEPARATION TECHNOLOGIES 101\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Adsorption 103\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eSaravanan Venkatesan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Essential principles of adsorption 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Adsorbent selection criteria 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Commercial and new adsorbents and their properties 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Adsorption separation processes 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Adsorber modeling 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Application of adsorption in biorefineries 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 A case study: Recovery of 1-butanol from ABE fermentation broth using TSA 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Research needs and prospects 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Conclusions 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgement 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Ion Exchange 149\u003c\/b\u003e\u003cbr\u003e \u003ci\u003eM. Berrios, J. A. Siles, M. A. Martín and A. Martín\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Ion exchangers: Operational conditions—sorbent selection 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Essential principles 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Ion-exchange market and industrial needs 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Commercial ion-exchange resins 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Specific examples in biorefineries 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Conclusions and future trends 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Simulated Moving-Bed Technology for Biorefinery Applications 167\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eChim Yong Chin and Nien-Hwa Linda Wang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Essential SMB design principles and tools 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Simulated moving-bed technology in biorefineries 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Conclusions and future trends 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART IV MEMBRANE SEPARATION 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Microfiltration, Ultrafiltration and Diafiltration 205\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eAnn-Sofi Jönsson\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Membrane plant design 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Economic considerations 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Process design 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Operating parameters 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Diafiltration 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Fouling and cleaning 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Conclusions and future trends 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Nanofiltration 233\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eMika Mänttäri, Bart Van der Bruggen and Marianne Nyström\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Nanofiltration market and industrial needs 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Fundamental principles 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Design and simulation 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Membrane materials and properties 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Commercial nanofiltration membranes 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Nanofiltration examples in biorefineries 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Conclusions and challenges 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Membrane Pervaporation 259\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eYan Wang, Natalia Widjojo, Panu Sukitpaneenit and Tai-Shung Chung\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Membrane pervaporation market and industrial needs 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Fundamental principles 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Design principles of the pervaporation membrane 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Pervaporation in the current integrated biorefinery system 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Conclusions and future trends 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Membrane Distillation 301\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eM. A. Izquierdo-Gil\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Membrane distillation market and industrial needs 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Basic principles of membrane distillation 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Design and simulation 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Examples in biorefineries 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Comparisons with other membrane-separation technologies 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Conclusions and future trends 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART V SOLID-LIQUID SEPARATIONS 327\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Filtration-Based Separations in the Biorefinery 329\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eBhavin V. Bhayani and Bandaru V. Ramarao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Biorefinery 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Solid–liquid separations in the biorefinery 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Introduction to cake filtration 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Basics of cake filtration 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Designing a dead-end filtration 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Model development 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Conclusions 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Solid–Liquid Extraction in Biorefinery 351\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eZurina Zainal Abidin, Dayang Radiah Awang Biak, Hamdan Mohamed Yusoff and Mohd Yusof Harun\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Principles of solid–liquid extraction 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 State of the art technology 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Design and modeling of SLE process 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Industrial extractors 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Conclusions 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART VI HYBRID\/INTEGRATED REACTION-SEPARATION SYSTEMS—PROCESS INTENSIFICATION 375\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Membrane Bioreactors for Biofuel Production 377\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eSara M. Badenes, Frederico Castelo Ferreira and Joaquim M. S. Cabral\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Basic principles 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Biofuels: Production principles and biological systems 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Examples of membrane bioreactors for biofuel production 390\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Conclusions and future trends 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Extraction-Fermentation Hybrid (Extractive Fermentation) 409\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eShang-Tian Yang and Congcong Lu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 The market and industrial needs 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Basic principles of extractive fermentation 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Separation technologies for integrated fermentation product recovery 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Examples in biorefineries 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Conclusions and future trends 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Reactive Distillation for the Biorefinery 439\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eAspi K. Kolah, Carl T. Lira and Dennis J. Miller\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Column internals for reactive distillation 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Simulation of reactive distillation systems 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Reactive distillation for the biorefinery 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Recently commercialized reactive distillation processes for the biorefinery 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Conclusions 458\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 459\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Reactive Absorption 467\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eAnton A. Kiss and Costin Sorin Bildea\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 467\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Market and industrial needs 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Basic principles of reactive absorption 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Modelling, design and simulation 469\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Case study: Biodiesel production by catalytic reactive absorption 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.7 Conclusions and future trends 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 482\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003ePART VII CASE STUDIES OF SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGIES IN BIOREFINERIES 485\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Cellulosic Bioethanol Production 487\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eMats Galbe, Ola Wallberg and Guido Zacchi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction: The market and industrial needs 487\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Separation procedures and their integration within a bioethanol plant 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Importance and challenges of separation processes 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Pilot and demonstration scale 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Conclusions and future trends 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Dehydration of Ethanol using Pressure Swing Adsorption 503\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eMarian Simo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 Ethanol dehydration process using pressure swing adsorption 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 Future trends and industrial challenges 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 Conclusions 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Separation and Purification of Lignocellulose Hydrolyzates 513\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eG. Peter van Walsum\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 513\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 The market and industrial needs 516\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Operation variables and conditions 517\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.4 The hydrolyzates detoxification and separation processes 519\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.5 Separation performances and results 524\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.7 Conclusions 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 527\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Case Studies of Separation in Biorefineries—Extraction of Algae Oil from Microalgae 533\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eMichael Cooney\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 The market and industrial needs 534\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 The algae oil extraction process 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Extraction 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Separation performance and results 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Economic importance and industrial challenges 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.7 Conclusions and future trends 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e22 Separation Processes in Biopolymer Production 555\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e \u003ci\u003eSanjay P. Kamble, Prashant P. Barve, Imran Rahman and Bhaskar D. Kulkarni\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.1 Introduction 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.2 The market and industrial needs 556\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.3 Lactic acid recovery processes 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.4 Separation performance and results of autocatalytic counter current reactive distillation of lactic acid with methanol and hydrolysis of methyl lactate into highly pure lactic acid using 3-CSTRs in series 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.5 Economic importance and industrial challenges 564\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e22.6 Conclusions and future trends 565\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eIndex 569\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Industrial%20chemistry%20\u0026amp;%20manufacturing%20technologies%20%5BTD%5D%22\"\u003eTD\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52278163472664,"sku":"9780470977965","price":121.89,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9780470977965.jpg?v=1781458738","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/separation-and-purification-technologies-in-biorefineries-hardback-9780470977965","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}