{"product_id":"quantum-optics-devices-on-a-chip-hardback-9781394248575","title":"Quantum Optics Devices on a Chip (Hardback) 9781394248575","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eQuantum Optics Devices on a Chip\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003e (Edited by), Inamuddin (Author), Tariq Altalhi (Edited by), Naif Ahmed Alshehri (Edited by), Jorddy Neves Cruz (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394248575, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 24 June 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e416 pages\u003cbr\u003e22.9 x 15.2 x 2.6 cm, 0.812 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003e\u003cb\u003eQuantum Optics Devices on a Chip\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/i\u003e provides a comprehensive understanding of how the integration of advanced quantum technologies and photonics is revolutionizing multiple industries, making it essential for anyone interested in the future of quantum innovation. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eQuantum Optics Devices on a Chip\u003c\/i\u003e is situated at the intersection of several disciplines and industries, driving advancements in quantum technology and integrated photonics. The development of quantum optics devices on a chip represents a significant breakthrough. Chip-scale integration involves designing and fabricating optical devices, such as waveguides, modulators, detectors, and light sources, on a micro- or nanoscale chip. This miniaturization enables the integration of multiple components on a single chip, leading to compact, efficient, and scalable quantum optical systems. Quantum sensing applications, such as magnetometry, gyroscopy, and biosensing, can benefit from miniaturized, high-performance devices integrated on a chip, allowing for the seamless integration of quantum optical functionalities with existing photonic circuits. This integration holds promise for applications in telecommunications, data communication, and optical signal processing. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eOverall, the development of quantum optics devices on a chip represents a significant step forward in the advancement of quantum technology. It brings together principles from physics, materials science, engineering, and computer science to enable the practical implementation of quantum phenomena for a wide range of applications across industries. \u003ci\u003eQuantum Optics Devices on a Chip\u003c\/i\u003e serves as a comprehensive guide to this rapidly evolving field, providing insights and knowledge, exploring the contributions it has made to the disciplinary and industrial development of quantum optics devices on a chip.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Quantum-Limited Microwave Amplifiers 1\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDnyandeo Pawar, Bhaskara Rao, Ajay Kumar, Rajesh Kanawade and Arul Kashmir Arulraj\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Why Microwave Amplifiers? 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Quantum-Limited Amplifiers 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Types of Microwave-Based Amplifiers 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Conventional Electronic Amplifiers or High-Electron Mobility Transistor (HEMT) Amplifiers 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Superconducting-Based Amplifiers 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.1 Josephson Junction 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2.2 Concept of Parametric Amplifier 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Microwave Amplification by Stimulated Emission of Radiation (MASER) 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Discussion on Quantum-Limited Microwave Amplifiers 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Conclusion and Outlook 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Introduction to Quantum Optics 25\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJamie Vovrosh\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 How Is Quantum Optics Defined? 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 A Very Brief History of Quantum Optics 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Modern-Day Quantum Optics 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Carbon Nanotubes with Quantum Defects 35\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDrisya G. Chandran, Loganathan Muruganandam and Rima Biswas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Various Types of Defects in Carbon Nanotube 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Capped Carbon Nanotube (Hemispherical Caps) 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Intramolecular Nano-Junction (Bent Carbon Nanotube) 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Irradiated Carbon Nanotube 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 Layered Carbon Nanotube 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.5 Coalescence of Carbon Nanotubes 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.6 Welding Carbon Nanotubes 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.7 Doping Carbon Nanotubes 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.8 sp 3 Quantum Defect (Organic Color-Center) 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Conclusions 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Quantum Dots to Medical Devices 55\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMohammad Harun-Ur-Rashid, Israt Jahan and Abu Bin Imran\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Synthesis and Characterization of QDs 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Chemical Synthesis Methods 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.1 Colloidal Synthesis 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.2 Organometallic Synthesis 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.3 Sol–Gel Method 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.4 Microwave-Assisted Synthesis 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Physical Properties and Characterization Techniques 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.1 Size and Shape 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.2 Optical Properties 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.3 Surface Chemistry 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.4 Electrical Properties 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.5 Toxicity and Biocompatibility 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Surface Modification for Biocompatibility 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.1 Need for Surface Modification 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.2 Organic Coating Strategies 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.3 Inorganic Coating Techniques 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.4 Ligand Exchange Processes 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3.5 Biocompatibility Testing 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Quantum Dots in Biomedical Imaging 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Fluorescent Properties and Their Use in Imaging 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.1 Unique Fluorescent Properties 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.2 Advantages in Imaging 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.3 Techniques Employing Quantum Dot Fluorescence 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.4 Biocompatibility and Targeting 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1.5 Clinical and Research Applications 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 In Vivo vs. In Vitro Imaging Applications 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.1 In Vitro Imaging Applications 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.2 In Vivo Imaging Applications 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2.3 Comparative Considerations 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Advantages Over Traditional Imaging Agents 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.1 Enhanced Fluorescent Properties 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.2 Improved Targeting and Specificity 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.3 Versatility and Broad Application Range 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3.4 Long-Term Tracking Capabilities 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 QDs in Drug Delivery Systems 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Mechanism of Drug Delivery 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1.1 Targeting and Cellular Uptake 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1.2 Drug Release 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1.3 Endosomal Escape 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1.4 Real-Time Tracking 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Current Advancements in QD-Mediated Therapies 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2.1 Targeted Drug Delivery 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2.2 Photodynamic and Photothermal Therapies 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2.3 Gene Therapy 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2.4 Immunotherapy 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2.5 Overcoming Multidrug Resistance (MDR) 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 QDs in Diagnostic Applications 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Bioimaging 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer (FRET) 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Diagnostic Assays 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Ethical, Safety, and Regulatory Considerations 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Ethical Considerations 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Safety Concerns 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Regulatory Considerations 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.4 Environmental Impact 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.5 Future Directions 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Conclusion 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 The Quantum State of Light 111\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKamal Singh, Virender, Gurjaspreet Singh, Armando J.L. Pombeiro and Brij Mohan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Quantum States of Light 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Quantization of Optical Field 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Quantum Superposition 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Quantum Entanglement 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Coherent Light 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Photonic Integration 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Photon Combs 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Photonic-Chip-Based Frequency Combs 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.9 Double Photon Combs 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10 Applications 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.10.1 Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.11 Quantum Computing 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.12 Quantum Metrology 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.13 Quantum Imaging 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.14 Challenge 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.15 Conclusion and Outlooks 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Quantum Computing with Chip-Scale Devices 133\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eP. Mallika, P. Ashok, N. Sathishkumar, Harishchander Anandaram, N.A. Natraj and Sarala Patchala\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Quantum Computing: An Introduction to the Field 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Overview of Quantum Computing 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Historical Development 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.3 Topography of Quantum Technology 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.4 Quantum Chip Scale Devices 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Fundamentals of Chip-Scale Quantum Devices 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Benefits of Chip-Scale Devices in the Field of Quantum Communication 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Principles of Quantum Superposition 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Quantum Entanglement in Chip-Scale Systems 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Quantum Bits (Qubits) and Chip Integration 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Chip-Scale Quantum Architectures 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Quantum Gates on a Chip 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Quantum Circuits 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.3 Key Aspects Pertaining to Quantum Circuits 142\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.4 Challenges and Advances in Chip-Scale Architectures 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Applications of Chip-Scale Quantum Computing 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Materials Science and Drug Discovery 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Financial Modeling and Risk Analysis 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Cryptography and Cybersecurity 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Logistics and Optimization 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Chip-Scale Quantum Computing: Challenges and Future Directions 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Challenges and Opportunities 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Future Opportunities of Quantum Computing Chip-Scale Devices 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Conclusion 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Quantum-Enhanced THz Spectroscopy: Bridging the Gap with On-Chip Devices 159\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDriss Soubane and Tsuneyuki Ozaki\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 T-Radiations Generation and Detection 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Photo-Conductive Antenna 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Semiconducting Materials Built-In Field 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 The Photo-Dember Effect 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Optical Rectification for THz Generation 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Electro-Optical Sampling 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.6 Wide Band Generation and Sensing 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.7 Quasi-Phase-Matching 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.8 Quantum Cascade Laser THz Source 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Terahertz Spectroscopy and Imaging 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Terahertz Time-Domain Spectroscopy 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1.1 Principle 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Time-Resolved THz Spectroscopy 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 THz Imaging 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.1 T‐Ray Imaging 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.2 Reflection Imaging with T‐Rays 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3.3 THz Near‐Field Imaging 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Recent Developments in THz Technology 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 THz Spectroscopy 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 THz-TDS 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Medical Applications 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 THz Near-Field Imaging 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Future Outlooks in THz Technology 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 187\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Plasmonics and Microfluidics for Developing Chip-Based Sensors 199\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAkila Chithravel, Tulika Srivastava, Subhojyoti Sinha, Sandeep Munjal, Satish Lakkakula, Shailendra K. Saxena and Anand M. Shrivastav\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Microfluidics for Sensor Technologies 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Plasmonic-Based Sensors 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Surface Plasmon Resonance for Chip-Based Sensing 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.1 Prism-Based SPR Sensor 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.2 Fiber Optic-Based SPR Sensor Chip 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.3 Grating Coupled- SPR for Chip-Based Sensing 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1.4 Waveguide-Based SPR Sensing 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Localized Surface Plasmon Resonance (LSPR)-Based Sensor Chips 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering for Chip-Based Sensor 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Challenges and Future Scope 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Summary 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Silicon Photonics in Quantum Computing 227\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Rizwan, A. Ayub, M.A. Waris, A. Manzoor, S. Ilyas and F. Waqas\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Overview of Quantum Computing 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Quantum Physics and Qu-Bits 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Quantum Gates 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Significance of Photonics in Quantum Computing 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Quantum-Light-Sources 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Tunable Quantum-Photonic-Components 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Single-Photon-Detectors (SPDs) 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Chip Wrapping and System Amalgamation 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Fundamentals of Silicon Photonics 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Quantum Computing Technologies 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Scalable Methods for Silicon Photonic Chips 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Single-Photon Sources 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Quantum Photon Detection 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Mode-Division Multiplexing (MDM) and Wavelength- Division Multiplexing (WDM) 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Cryogenic Practices 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 Chip Interconnects 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Chip-Based Quantum Communication 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 QKD in Silicon Photonics 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.1 Entanglement-Based QKD 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.1.1 Entanglement-Based Protocols 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.1.2 Working on Entanglement-Based QKD 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.2 Superposition-Based QKD 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.3 CV-QKD (Continuous-Variable QKD) 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.4 Coherent State QKD 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.5 Multiplexing Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.6 Types of Multiplexing QKD 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.6.1 FDM (Frequency-Division Multiplexing) 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.6.2 TDM (Time-Division Multiplexing) 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.6.3 PDM (Polarization-Division Multiplexing) 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11.6.4 OAMM (Orbital Angular Momentum Multiplexing) 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.12 Application of Silicone Photonics in Quantum Computing 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.13 Multiphoton and High-Dimensional Applications 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.14 Quantum Error Correction 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.15 Quantum State Teleportation 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.16 Challenges and Outcomes 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.17 Low Loss Component 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.18 Photon Generation 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.19 Deterministic Quantum Operation 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.20 Frequency Conversion 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.21 Conclusion 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Rare-Earth Ions in Solid-State Devices 273\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eM. Rizwan, K. Zaman, S. Ahmad, A. Ayub and M. Tanveer\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Basic Aspects of Rare Earth Ions in Solids 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Role of Rare Earth Ions in Quantum Optics 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Rare Earth Ion-Based Devices 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Quantum Computer 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Quantum Photonic Materials and Devices with Rare-Earth Elements 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Recent Advancements in Low-Dimensional Rare-Earth Doped Material 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Rare Earth Ions Insulator 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Spectral Hole Burning (SHB) and Spectral Recording and Processing 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8.1 Optical Communication and Processing 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Spectroscopy and the Description of Materials 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9.1 Overcoming Blazing Spectral Holes 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Utilizing a SHB “Dynamic Optical Filter” for Laser Line Narrowing 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Example of Ultrasonic-Optical Tissue Imaging 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.1 Elements of Ultrasound Optical Tissue (USO) Imaging System 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12 Applications of Solid-State Optical Devices 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eConclusion 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Chip-Scale Quantum Memories 295\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eUzma Hira and Muhammad Husnain\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 Quantum Memories (QMs) 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Journey from Classical RAM to Quantum RAM 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.3 Classical Memories (CMs) and Quantum Memories (QMs) 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Scalable Quantum Memories (QMs) 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Some Fruitful Properties of QMs on Chip 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Performance Criteria 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.1 Fidelity 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.2 Efficiency 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.3 Storage Time 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.4 Bandwidth 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.5 Multimodality 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.6 Wavelength 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2.7 Robustness and Scalability 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Challenges in the Development of Scalable QMs 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Experimental and Theoretical Approaches Towards QMs 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Platforms for Chip-Scale QMs 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Atomic Gases 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Single Atom 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Solid-State Candidate in the Progress of QMs on Chip 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3.1 Trapped Ions in Solids 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3.2 Material Stability and Coherence Time 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3.3 Quantum Error Correction 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3.4 Integration with Quantum Repeaters 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3.5 Compatibility with Quantum Communication Protocols 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Rare-Earth Ions Doped in Solids 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Nitrogen Vacancy (NV) 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Quantum Dots in the Development of QMs 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 III-V Groups Materials-Based Platform 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.10 Role Graphene in QM 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.11 Hybrid Quantum Memories 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.12 Chip-Based QMs in the Improvements of Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.12.1 Enhancing QKD Performance 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.13 Role of Optics and Photonics in the Field of Chip-Scale QMs 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.14 Recent Development in QMs 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Integrated Light Sources 323\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eUzma Hira and Muhammad Nayab Ahmad\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Types of Integrated Light Sources 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Semiconductor Diode Lasers and LEDs 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 White GaN LEDs 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.3 Quantum Dots and Nanowire Emitters 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.4 Path-Entangled Photon Sources on Nonlinear Chips 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.5 Silicon Photonics Light Sources 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.6 Heterogeneously Integrated III-V\/Si Lasers 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.7 Single Photon Sources in Integrated Photonics 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.8 Tunable and Narrowband Light Sources 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.9 Micro-Cavity and Photonic Crystal Resonator Sources 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.10 Micro-Fabricated Solid-State Dye Laser 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.11 Rare-Earth Doped Waveguides for Integrated Light Generation 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Integrated Light Sources for Quantum Information Processing 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Photonic Quantum Chips 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Photons as Good Quantum Hardware 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Photonic Technologies 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Protocols for Quantum Communication 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Integration Techniques for Light Sources on Chips 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Heterogeneous Integration 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1.1 Components in Integration 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1.2 Applications 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Monolithic Integration 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.1 Components in Integration 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2.2 Applications 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 On-Chip Waveguides 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3.1 Applications 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Hybrid Integration 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4.1 Applications 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 Epitaxial Growth 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5.1 Methods of Epitaxial Growth 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5.2 Applications 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.6 Nanowire or Quantum Dot Integration 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.6.1 Applications 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Challenges and Future Perspectives 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Challenges 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Future Perspectives 346\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Conclusion 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Integrated Optical Design Principles 351\u003cbr\u003e \u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSharbari Deb and Santanu Mallik\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbbreviations 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Brief History of Optical Design Evolution 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Role of Integrated Optical Design in Modern Technology 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Fundamentals of Integrated Optics 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Basic Concepts in Optical Physics Relevant to Integration 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Waveguides: Types, Properties, and How They Guide Light 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2.1 Types of Waveguides 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2.2 Characteristics of Waveguides 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2.3 Light Guidance Principles 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Design Principles of Integrated Optical Devices 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Beam Propagation Method for Integrated Optical Design 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Couplers, Splitters, and Combiners: Design and Function 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.1 Optical Coupler 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.2 Optical Splitter 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2.3 Optical Combiner 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Integrated Lasers and Amplifiers: Principles and Applications 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Modulators and Switches 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4.1 Optical Modulators 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4.2 Optical Switches: Mechanisms and Applications 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Advanced Integrated Optical Systems 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.1 Photonic Crystals 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.2 Quantum Optics and Integration 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3 Nonlinear Optical Devices 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.4 Integration of Optical Sensors 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Fabrication Techniques for Integrated Optical Devices 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7.1 Lithography and Etching 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7.2 Wafer Bonding and Dielectric Deposition 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7.3 Challenges in Fabrication 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Testing and Characterization of Integrated Optical Systems 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1 Measurement Techniques 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.2 Characterization of Waveguides, Resonators, and Active Devices 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.3 Reliability and Performance Testing 370\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Conclusion 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 379\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-Scrivener","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433233772824,"sku":"9781394248575","price":165.28,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394248575.jpg?v=1784852363","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/quantum-optics-devices-on-a-chip-hardback-9781394248575","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}