{"product_id":"public-examinations-in-england-1850-1900-paperback-9780521080125","title":"Public Examinations in England 1850–1900 (Paperback \/ softback) 9780521080125","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003ePublic Examinations in England 1850–1900\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cem\u003eA detailed historical account of the origins of the modern examination system in England from 1850 to 1900.\u003c\/em\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eJohn Roach (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9780521080125, Cambridge University Press\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePaperback \/ softback, published 25 August 2008\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e316 pages\u003cbr\u003e21.6 x 14 x 1.8 cm, 0.4 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eA detailed historical account of the origins of the modern examination system in England from 1850 to 1900. At the beginning of the nineteenth century public examinations were almost unknown, yet by its end they were established as the most generally acceptable method of assessment and selection; with many they had become almost an article of the Victorian faith, though their objectivity and efficacy were already becoming matters of public controversy. The Oxford and Cambridge honours examinations provided a major source for Victorian ideas of open competition and public examinations. It was seen that this model could be applied to a whole range of educational and administrative purposes. The crucial developments came between 1850 and 1870: major landmarks were the Northcote–Trevelyan Report of 1853 on the Civil Service, the foundation of the Oxford and Cambridge Local Examinations of 1857 and 1858, and Gladstone's introduction in 1870 of open competition into the Home Civil Service.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003ePart I. The Competitive Principle Established: 1. Patronage and competition\u003cbr\u003e 2. Middle-class education\u003cbr\u003e 3. Examinations and schools – to 1857\u003cbr\u003e Part II. The Oxford and Cambridge Locals and National Education, 1857–1900\u003cbr\u003e 4. Beginnings, 1857–1860\u003cbr\u003e 5. The education of women\u003cbr\u003e 6. Secondary schools and their studies\u003cbr\u003e 7. The examiners and the examined\u003cbr\u003e Part III. The Public Context, 1855–1900\u003cbr\u003e 8. The Civil Service Examinations: to 1870\u003cbr\u003e 9. The Civil Service Examinations: after 1870\u003cbr\u003e 10. School Examinations – from Taunton to Bryce\u003cbr\u003e 11. Critics and criticisms.\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: History [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on History\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22History%20%5BHB%5D%22\"\u003eHB\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Cambridge University Press","offers":[{"title":"Default Title","offer_id":45913266028824,"sku":"9780521080125","price":38.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/products\/9780521080125i.jpg?v=1694969288","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/public-examinations-in-england-1850-1900-paperback-9780521080125","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}