{"product_id":"protection-of-electrical-power-distribution-systems-smart-grid-microgrid-ai-and-cyber-security-hardback-9781394327645","title":"Protection of Electrical Power Distribution Systems; Smart grid, Microgrid, AI, and Cyber Security (Hardback) 9781394327645","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eProtection of Electrical Power Distribution Systems\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eSmart grid, Microgrid, AI, and Cyber Security\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eTariq Masood (Author), Jamil Abdo (Author), Atif Iqbal (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394327645, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 5 December 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e416 pages\u003cbr\u003e28 x 19 x 2.4 cm, 0.737 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eComprehensive reference on safeguarding electrical power systems from faults and failures, exploring emerging technologies such as AI and ML\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eSupported by case studies of real-world power system faults, \u003ci\u003eProtection of Electrical Power Distribution Systems \u003c\/i\u003eoffers an in-depth examination of the methods and technologies used to safeguard electrical grids from faults and failures. The book begins with a comprehensive introduction to power system fundamentals, emphasizing the critical role of protection mechanisms in maintaining system stability and ensuring operational safety. It thoroughly explores various types of faults, including short circuits, ground faults, and overloads, detailing their potential impacts on system performance, reliability, and safety. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book introduces foundational concepts such as protection overlay, unit protection, and non-unit protection, before diving into the core principles of power system protection. These include the key attributes of selectivity, sensitivity, speed, and reliability, essential for designing effective protection systems. A detailed discussion follows on the wide range of protective devices used in modern power systems, such as fuses, circuit breakers, and relays, along with strategies for their coordination to ensure optimal performance. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eTo enhance reader engagement and understanding, the book includes practical exercises and self-assessment questions that focus on protection system design and implementation. These tools encourage deeper learning and provide valuable insights into the real-world application of power system protection technologies. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProtection of Electrical Power Distribution Systems\u003c\/i\u003e includes information on: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferences between restricted and unrestricted protection and criteria to determine ideal boundaries of protection zones\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eModern technologies applied to protection such as digital relays and intelligent electronic devices (IEDs)\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDifferent kinds of busbar protection and the main types of faults affecting the busbar\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eTypes of transformer protection and their constraints and the operation of current and voltage transformers\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eFuture trends in the field such as the application of AI and ML in predictive maintenance and fault diagnosis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eProtection of Electrical Power Distribution Systems\u003c\/i\u003e serves as an essential reference for engineers, researchers, and students, offering a deep understanding of power system protection principles and practices to enhance the reliability and safety of electrical power systems.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAuthor Biographies xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments xxix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDefinition\/Abbreviations xxxix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eWeb Catalog xli\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eExercises Discussed in this Book xliii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eFigures Discussed in this Book xlix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEquations Discussed in this Book lv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTables Discussed in this Book lvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Objectives 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 The Protection Overlay 5\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Objectives 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Introduction 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Nonunit Protection and Unit Protection 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Nonunit or Nonrestricted Protection 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1.1 Nonunit Protection Using Time for Discrimination 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1.2 Nonunit Protection Not Using Time for Discrimination 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Unit or Restricted Protection 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Nonunit Protection and Unit Protection 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Backup Protection 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Primary and Secondary Protection Schemes 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Dual Main Protection Schemes 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Self-Assessments Questions 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Nonunit Protection of Distribution Feeders 23\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Objectives 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Introduction 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Fuses 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Fuse Operating Characteristics 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Protecting Radial Feeder Circuits with Fuses 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Expulsion Fuse for Protecting Radial Feeder Circuits 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Circuit Breaker-Assisted Fuse Protection Schemes 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Overcurrent Relays 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 IDMT Overcurrent Relays 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Operating Characteristics 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Relay Types 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.1 Electromechanical Relays 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.2 Static (Analog) Relays 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2.3 Digital Relays 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Overcurrent Relay Setting 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.1 Protecting Feeder Circuits with IDMT Overcurrent Relays 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.2 The Relay Current Settings 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3.3 Relay Time Settings 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Instantaneous Overcurrent Relays 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Conclusion 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Self-Assessment Questions 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.1 Protecting Feeder Circuits Using IDMT Overcurrent Relays with Instantaneous Elements 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.2 Protecting Feeder Circuits Using Directional Overcurrent Relays 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.3 Phase Fault Protection Using Directional Overcurrent Relays 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.4 Phase Fault Protection of Parallel Feeders 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.5 Phase Fault Protection of Ring Main Circuits 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.6 Earth Fault Protection Using Directional Overcurrent Relays 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.7 Computer-Based Overcurrent Relay Grading 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Protection Transducers 67\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Objectives 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Introduction 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Current Transformer (CT) 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Voltage Transformer (VT) 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Self-Assessment Questions 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Unit Protection of Distribution Feeders 79\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Objectives 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Introduction 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Conventional Differential Protection 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Digital Differential Protection 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Directional Earth Fault Protection 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Rough Balance Protection 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Self-Assessment Questions 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Transformer Protection 95\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Objectives 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Introduction 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Earth Fault 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Phase Fault 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Interturn Fault 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Core Fault 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Protection Overview 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Differential Protection 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Factors Affecting Differential Protection 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Transformation Ratio 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Phase Shifts in Delta\/Star Windings 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Tap Changing 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Magnetic Inrush 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Fuse Protection 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Overcurrent Protection 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Restricted Earth Fault Protection 108\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Buchholz Protection 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Winding Temperature Protection 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.10 Summary 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.11 Self-Assessment Questions 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Busbar Protection 117\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Objectives 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Introduction 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Busbar Fault Clearing Using Backup Protection 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Frame-Earth Protection 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Basic System 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Frame-Earth with Check Relay 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Frame-Earth Protection for Sectioned Busbar 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Frame Earth Protection for Double Busbar Switchboard 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Differential Protection 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Basic Application 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Differential Protection for Sectioned Substation 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Differential Protection for Double Busbar Substation 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 High Impedance Relays for Differential Busbar Schemes 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.5 Stabilizing Resistance 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.6 Relay Setting Calculation 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Self-Assessment Questions 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Motor Protection 137\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Objectives 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Introduction 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Motor Characteristics Involved in Protection 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Stator Winding Protection 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Overload Protection 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Phase Unbalance Protection 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Self-Assessment Questions 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Embedded Generation Protection Systems 147\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Objectives 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Introduction 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Embedded Generation 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Types of Generation 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Problem Introduced by Connecting Embedded Generating 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Safety 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Quality of Supply 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Short-Circuit and Damage Prevention Protection 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Protection Guidelines 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Utility Protection Requirements for an Embedded Generator 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Short-Circuit Protection for External Faults 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Short-Circuit Protection for Internal Faults 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Neutral Displacement Protection 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Phase Unbalance Protection 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5 Field Failure and Pole-Slipping Protection 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.6 Reverse Power Protection 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.7 Synchronization Control of the Connection Circuit Braker 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.8 Under-\/Overvoltage and Under-\/Over-frequency Protection 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.9 Loss of Grid Protection 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.10 Protection Supervision 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Self-Assessment Questions 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Autoreclose Relaying 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Objectives 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Introduction 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 The Main Cause of Faults on Overhead Distribution Lines 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Transient, Semipermanent, and Permanent Faults 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Fault Clearance 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.4 Circuit Breaker Operation 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Autoreclosing Relays 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 The Single-Shot Autoreclosing Relay Sequence 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Choice of Dead Time 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Multiple-Shot Autoreclose Schemes 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Check Synchronism Relays 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Self-Assessment Questions 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Coordinated Protection and Control 185\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Objectives 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Conventional Protection and Control Systems 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Coordinated Protection and Control 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Digital Technology 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Digital Communications 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Computer Networking 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Communication Media for Data Communications 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 Digital Relays 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Typical Structure of a Modern Coordinated Substation 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Self-Assessment Questions 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Smart Grid Operation \u0026amp; Control 203\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Objectives 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Introduction 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Distributed Intelligence 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Broadband Communication 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Distribution System 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 The Smart Grid Ultimate Goal 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Smart Grid Decentralized Versus Centralized Control 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Distribution Automation (DA) 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Communication Networks 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Distribution Automation (DA) – FDIR 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2.1 Fault Detection, Isolation, and Restoration (FDIR) 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2.2 Radial Low-Voltage Networks 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2.3 Voltage Measurement Schematic 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.3 Fault Detection, Isolation, and Restoration (FDIR) and FLISR 212\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Volt-Var Optimization (VVO) 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 SCADA System 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.1 SCADA System Functions 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8.2 SCADA System Outage Monitoring 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Case Studies 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.1 Northern Virginia Electric Cooperative (NOVEC) 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.2 Electric Power Board of Chattanooga 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.3 Duke Energy 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.4 Consolidated Edison (Con Edison) 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.5 Centerpoint Energy 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.6 PPL Electric Utilities Corporation 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.7 Pepco – Dc 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.8 Southern Company 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.9 Wisconsin Power and Light Company (WPL) 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.10 Central Lincoln People’s Utility District 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.11 Florida Power \u0026amp; LIG, HT Company (FPL) 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Smart Grid System for PV and Wind 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.11 R\u0026amp;D Challenges 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12 Standardization Efforts in Smart Grid Technologies 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.1 Key Organizations Involved in Standardization 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.2 Impact of Policies on Smart and Microgrid Operations 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.2.1 Renewable Energy Policies 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.2.2 Energy Efficiency and Demand Response 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.12.2.3 Cybersecurity and Privacy Regulations 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13 Challenges in Regulatory and Standardization Implementation 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.1 Harmonization Across Regions 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.2 Regulatory Uncertainty 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.13.3 Balancing Innovation and Regulation 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.14 Future Directions in Regulatory and Standardization Efforts 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.15 Self-Assessment Questions 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 228\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Microgrid Operation and Control 231\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Objectives 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Introduction 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Classification of Microgrids 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 AC Microgrid Operations and Control 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 dc Microgrid Operations and Control 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Hybrid Microgrid Operations and Control 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Microgrid Control 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Droop Control – Parallel Inverter in UPS System 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.1 Bidirectional DC\/DC Converters 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.2 Droop Control – Parallel Inverter in UPS System 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.3 Droop Control – Battery Charging and Discharging Systems 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.4 Off-Grid and Island Microgrid 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.5 Different Types of Islanding 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.6 Grid Following Inverters 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5.7 Grid-Forming Inverters 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Short-Circuit Study 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.1 Advantages of Short-Circuit Ratio Study 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.2 Traditional Short-Circuit Ratio (SCR) Method 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Strong and Weak Microgrid 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Types of Circuit Breakers in the AC and DC Microgrid 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1 Time Current Curve 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.1 Typical Example of TCCs 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.2 Terminology of LSI (Long Time, Short Time, and Instantaneous) 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.3 Time Current Curve – TCC-Time Band 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.4 Terminology of MCCB and LVPCB 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.5 TCC for MCCBs Normally 2 Settings 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.6 TCC for LVPCBs. Normally 5 Settings 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.7 TCC for Fuse 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8.1.8 TCC – Peak Let-Through for Fuses 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Low Voltage Trip Unit 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.10 Symmetrical and Asymmetrical 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.11 CB Selectivity or Coordination for Grid Operations 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12 Microgrid Adaptive and Predictive Control Techniques 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.1 Control of Distributed Energy Resources (DERs) 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.1.1 Integration of DERs 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.12.1.2 Inverter-Based Control 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.13 Artificial Intelligence (AI) and Machine Learning (ML) in Grid Control 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.13.1 AI and ml 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.13.2 Data Analytics 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.14 Coordination of Multiple Control Levels 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.14.1 Hierarchical Control Structures 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.14.2 Interoperability and Standardization 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.15 Regulatory and Standardization Aspects 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.15.1 Overview of Regulatory Frameworks 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.15.1.1 National and Regional Regulations 270\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.15.1.2 Market Structures and Economic Regulation 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.16 Self-Assessment Questions 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Artificial Intelligence and Machine Learning’s Industrial Application 275\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Objectives 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Thinking Probabilistic 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 AI Machine Power and Disruption 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Designing Reliable Systems 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Embracing Uncertainty 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 AI System Prediction Technology 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 AI Prediction Machine Rules 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 AI Model Architecture 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 AI Models Tutorials 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9.1 AI Industrial Assessment Models 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9.2 Introduction to Machine Learning in Microgrid Operations 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9.3 Data Analytics in Microgrid Control 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9.4 Machine Learning Applications in Microgrid Control 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9.5 Case Studies and Practical Implementations 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Challenges and Future Directions 290\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Conclusion 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.12 Probability AI Models Configuration 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.13 Self-Assessments Questions 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Cybersecurity and Information Program’s Power System 297\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Objectives 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Introduction 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Cybersecurity Operations 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Cybersecurity Impact and Solution 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Validate Process Mapping 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Data Collection Frame 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Data Collection – Introducing System Mapping 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 How Can You Help? 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Cybersecurity Tailored Models 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1 Project Plan Work For (IT Penetration Testing, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment Framework) 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.1 Operational Summary 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.2 Objectives 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.3 Scope of Work 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.4 Methodology 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.5 Tools Used 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.6 Assessment and Testing Environment 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.7 Finding Overview 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.8 Security Controls and Levels 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.9 Training Needs 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.10 Deliverables 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1.11 Time Line 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2 Scope of Work for (OT Penetration Testing, Vulnerability, and Risk Assessment Framework) 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.1 Operational Summary 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.2 Planning and Preparation 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.3 Assessment Phase 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.4 Testing Phase 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.5 Reporting Phase 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.6 Remediation and Improvement 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.7 Continuous Monitoring and Follow-Up 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.8 Scope of Assessment 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2.9 OT Environment Equipment List 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Self-Assessment Questions 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eBibliography 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSelf-Assessment Question’s Answers Section-wise 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eTutor Marked Assignments 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Authors 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 351\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-IEEE Press","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433751441688,"sku":"9781394327645","price":93.65,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394327645.jpg?v=1784853694","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/protection-of-electrical-power-distribution-systems-smart-grid-microgrid-ai-and-cyber-security-hardback-9781394327645","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}