{"product_id":"poisonous-plants-and-phytochemicals-in-drug-discovery-hardback-9781119650232","title":"Poisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery (Hardback) 9781119650232","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003ePoisonous Plants and Phytochemicals in Drug Discovery\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eAndrew G. Mtewa (Edited by), AG Mtewa (Author), Chukwuebuka Egbuna (Edited by), G. M. Narasimha Rao (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119650232, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 25 February 2021\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e432 pages\u003cbr\u003e23.1 x 15.8 x 2.3 cm, 0.635 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eFocusing on phytochemicals and their potential for drug discovery, this book offers a comprehensive resource on poisonous plants and their applications in chemistry and in pharmacology.\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eProvides a comprehensive resource on phytotoxins, covering historical perspectives, modern applications, and their potential in drug discovery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eCovers the mechanisms, benefits, risks and management protocols of phytotoxins in a scientific laboratory and the usefulness in drug discovery\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePresents chapters in a carefully designed, clear order, making it an ideal resource for the academic researcher or the industry professional at any stage in their career\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eList of Contributors xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Figures xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Tables xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xxv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eEditors xxvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Historical Use of Toxic Plants 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGodwin Anywar\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction to Toxic Plants 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Poisonous Plants as Sources of Traditional and Modern Medicines 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Toxic Plants and Justice 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Toxic Plants in Capital Punishment 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Trial by Ordeal 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Toxic Plants in Poisoned Weapons 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Arrow Poisons 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Plant Fishing Poisons\/Piscicides\/Ichthyotoxins 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Poisonous Plants as Food 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Poisonous Plants as Biopesticides 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Toxic Psychoactive Plants for Recreational and Religious Purposes 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Poisonous Plants in Warfare and Bioterrorism 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 Poisonous Plants as Carcinogens and Teratogens 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.11 Conclusion 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Classification of Phytotoxins and their Mechanisms of Action \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e19\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAndrew G. Mtewa, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, Kennedy J. Ngwira, Fanuel Lampiao, Umang Shah, and Thokozani Kachulu Mtewa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Endophytic Phytotoxins 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Secondary Metabolites 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Possible Categorization 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Biological Characteristics 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Chemical Characteristics 22\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Currently Available Classification Tools 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Role of Phytotoxin Classification 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Drug Discovery 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Environmental Monitoring 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Phytotoxins, Aquatic Life, and Water Quality 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Air Contamination 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.5 Food Contamination 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.6 Security and Safety Services 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.7 Agricultural 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Brief Mechanisms of Action 27\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Poisonous Plants as Sources of Anticancer and Other Drugs \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e31\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFélicien Mushagalusa Kasali, Andrew G. Mtewa, and Gaétan Tabakam\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Poisonous Plants in the Treatment of Cancer and Other Diseases 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Poisonous Plant-Based Anticancer Drugs that are on the Market 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Poisonous Plant-Based Drugs Against Other Diseases that are on the Market 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Conclusion 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Drugs in Clinical Practice from Toxic Plants and Phytochemicals \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e79\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTadele Mekuriya Yadesa, Patrick Engeu Ogwang, and Casim Umba Tolo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Drugs in Clinical Practice from Toxic Plants 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Curare 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Drugs Acting on the Central Nervous System 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.1 Morphine 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.2 Cocaine 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2.3 Ergot Alkaloids 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Atropine, Scopolamine, and Hyoscyamine 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Physostigmine and Other Acetylcholinesterase Inhibitors 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 Antitumor Agents 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5.1 Podophyllotoxin and Etoposide 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5.2 Taxanes 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5.3 Vincristine and Vinblastine 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6 Other Drugs 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6.1 Cardiac Glycosides 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6.2 Colchicine 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6.3 Coumarins 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6.4 Nicotine and the Neonicotinoids 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Toxicology and Health Benefits of Plant Alkaloids \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e95\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIbrahim Chikowe, Andrew G. Mtewa, and Duncan C. Sesaazi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Pharmacological Properties of Alkaloids 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Toxicological Properties of Alkaloids 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Acute and Chronic Toxicities 100\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Genotoxicity and Tumorigenicity 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Lung Toxicity, Neurotoxicity, and Teratogenicity 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Factors that Influence the Toxicological Profile of Alkaloids 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Conclusion 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Chemical and Pharmacological Mechanisms of Plant-Derived Neurotoxins \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e109\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAmanjot Annu, Reuben S. Maghembe, Andrew G. Mtewa, and G.M. Narasimha Rao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Nerve Agents 110\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Chemical Mechanisms of Neurotoxicity Induced by Organophosphate Nerve Agents 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Mustards 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Effect of HD on Skin 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Effect of HD on Other Organs 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 The Activation of HD 114\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Mechanism of Action 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Plant Natural Neurotoxins 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Plant Glycosides 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusion 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Phytosedatives for Drug Discovery \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e123\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eShahira M. Ezzat, Ahmed Zayed, and Mohamed A. Salem\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Treatment of Neuropsychological Disorders: The Current Scenario 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Phytosedatives: Desirable Alternatives to Synthesized Drugs 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Different Classes of Phytosedatives 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Flavonoids 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Alkaloids 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Essential Oils 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Other Classes of Phytosedatives 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Plants with Reported Sedative Actions 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Mushroom Species and Classification: Bioactives in Poisonous and Edible Mushrooms \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e163\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSadia Zafar, Farhat Jabeen, Muhammad Akram, Zarfishan Riaz, and Naveed Munir\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Classification of Mushrooms 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Edible Mushrooms 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Non-Edible Mushrooms 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Bioactive Agents in Mushroom Species 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Bioactive Agents in Non-Edible Mushroom Species 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Polysaccharides 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Glucans 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Polysaccharide–Protein Complexes 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.4 Terpenes 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.5 Phenolic Compounds 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.6 Peptides and Proteins 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Other Bioactive Compounds of Mushroom Species 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Conclusion 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Toxicity Protocols for Natural Products in the Drug Development Process \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e189\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTamirat Bekele Beressa, Amanjot Annu, and Andrew G. Mtewa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 In Vitro Toxicity Testing for Natural Products 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Cell Culture Method for Toxicity Testing 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Cell Culture for Acute Toxicology Testing 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Methods Used for In Vitro Toxicity Studies 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 MTT Assay 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Neutral Red Uptake Assay 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Lactate Dehydrogenase Assay 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 In Vitro Models for Liver Toxicity 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 In Vitro Models for Nephrotoxicity Studies 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 In Vitro Model for Dermal Toxicity Testing 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Mutagenicity Testing In Vitro 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7.1 Bacterial Cell System 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Reproductive and Teratogenicity Studies In Vitro 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.1 H295R Steroidogenesis Assay 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.2 Embryonic Stem Cell Test 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8.3 Whole Rat Embryo Cultures 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 In Vivo Toxicity Testing of Natural Products 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.1 Acute Toxicity Testing 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.2 Subchronic Toxicity Testing 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.3 Chronic Toxicity Testing 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.4 Dermal and Ocular Toxicity 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.5 Toxicity Testing for Fertility and Reproduction 204\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.6 Combined Repeated Dose Toxicity Study with Reproduction\/Developmental Testing 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9.7 In Vivo Carcinogenicity Testing 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 Conclusion 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Quality Control for the Safety of Natural Products \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e213\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTadele Mekuriya Yadesa, Patrick Engeu Ogwang, and Casim Umba Tolo\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Quality Assurance of Herbal Products 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Methods of Quality Control for Herbal Products 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 DNA-Based Technologies 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Good Practice Guidelines 216\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Chemoprofiling 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Toxicology 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.5 Monographs and Pharmacopeias 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.6 Preclinical Evidence of Safety and Efficacy 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.7 Systems Biology 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.8 Animal Experimentation 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.9 Clinical Evidence of Safety and Efficacy 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 WHO Guidelines for Quality Standardization of Herbal Formulations 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Quality Control of Crude Material 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Identity of Plant Material 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Safety Assessment and Documentation 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Concept of Validation in Herbal Products 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Challenges Related to Quality Control and Monitoring the Safety of Herbal Products 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Secondary Metabolites and Toxins of Microbial Origin for the Treatment of Diseases \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e225\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDharmandra Baria, Umang Shah, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, and Andrew G. Mtewa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Antimicrobial Agents from Microbial Sources 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Antifungal Agents from Microbial Sources 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Anticancer Agents from Microbial Sources 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Hypocholesterolemic Agents from Microbial Sources 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Immunosuppressants from Microbial Sources 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Enzyme Inhibitors from Microbial Sources 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.8 Antiparasitic Agents from Microbial Sources 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.9 Recent Advances in Drug Discovery from Microbial Sources 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Development of Phyto-Antidotes Against Adverse Chemical Agents \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e249\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eRoman Lysiuk, Petro Oliynyk, Halyna Antonyak, and Dmytro Voronenko\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Heavy Metals and their Effects on the Body 251\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Detoxification Properties of Biologically Active Substances of Plant-Based Foods 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Pectins 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Phytin 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Betalains 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Phytochelatins 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.5 Ellagic Acid 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.6 Miscellaneous 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Current State of Clinical Application of Phyto-Antidotes 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Further Prospects in the Search for Promising Phyto-Antidotes 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Conclusions 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Nanoformulated Herbal Drug Delivery as Efficient Antidotes Against Systemic Poisons \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e269\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePrabir Kumar Kulabhusan, Shailaja Agrawal, Jaison Jeevanandam, and Michael K. Danquah\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Herbal Phytochemicals as Antidotes for Systemic Poisons 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Herbal Phytochemicals as Antidotes for Heavy Metal Poisoning 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Herbal Phytochemicals as Antidotes for Snake Venom Poisoning 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Nanoformulated Herbal Phytochemicals as Antidotes 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Inorganic Nanoparticles 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Micelles and Liposomes 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Polymeric Nanoparticles 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Mechanism of Nanoformulated Herbal Phytochemicals against Systemic Poisoning 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Future Perspectives 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Conclusion 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Phytochemical-Based Nanoparticles as Foes and Friends \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e295\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCharles Oluwaseun Adetunji, Oluwaseyi Olaniyan, Juliana Bunmi Adetunji, and Itoan Roli\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Phytochemicals Used in the Synthesis of Nanoparticles 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Nanoparticles 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Wound-Healing Effects of Nanoparticles 299\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Antiparasitic, Antifungal, and Antibacterial Activities of Nanoparticles 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Neuroprotective Effects of Nanoparticles 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Cardioprotective Effects of Nanoparticles 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Anticancer Effects of Nanoparticles 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Advantages of Nanoparticles 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Disadvantages of Nanoparticles 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Conclusion and Future Directions 312\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Application of Metabolomics in Emergency Phytochemical Poisoning and Remediation \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e323\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMohamed A. Salem, Ahmed Zayed, and Shahira M. Ezzat\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Traditional Use of Medicinal Plants 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Natural Products: Safety and Toxicity 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.1 Safety 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3.2 Toxicity and Natural Killers 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Biological Systems in Phytochemical Poisoning and Remediation 330\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Metabolomics: An Important Functional Genomics Tool 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1 Essential Components of a Metabolomics Workflow 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.2 Sample Preparation 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.3 Analytical Methods in Metabolomics 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.4 Metabolite Identification 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.5 Data Processing and Analysis 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6 Pathway Analysis 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Assessment of Toxicity of Herbal Medicines Using Metabolomics 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Application of Metabolomics in Emergency Phytochemical Poisoning and Remediation 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.1 Hepatotoxicity of Triptolide 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7.2 Hepatotoxicity of Noscapine 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.8 Conclusion 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Methods for the Detection and Identification of Phytotoxins \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e349\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSenyo Botchie and Andrew G. Mtewa\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Phytotoxins 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Importance of Toxins 351\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Methods Generally Used for Phytotoxin Detection 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Biological Method Review of Detecting Phytotoxins 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Chemical and Microbiological Reagents 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Protease Inhibition Detection Protocol 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.1 Exposure of the Protease Detection Plate to a Protease Inhibitor or Bacterial Growth (Step 1) 354\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.2 Exposure to a Protease-Containing Solution (Step 2) 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4.3 Detecting Zones of Protease Inhibition (Step 3) 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Isolation of Phytotoxins from Microorganisms 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 Detection of Phytotoxins Isolated from Fungi 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Purification of the Extracted Phytotoxins 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Conclusion 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Categorization, Management, and Regulation of Potentially Weaponizable Toxic Plants \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e359\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eMuhammad Akram and Rabia Zahid\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Management of Weaponized Natural Food Agents 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Techniques Used for Extraction, Segregation, and Decontamination of Phytochemicals 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Solvent-Based Extraction of Phenolic Compounds 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Microwave-Associated Extraction 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 Ultrasound-Assisted Extraction 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Techniques for Identification of Bioactive Compounds 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.1 Ultraviolet–Visible Spectroscopy 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.2 Infrared Spectroscopy 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.3 Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.4 Mass Spectrometry 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Types of Natural Phytotoxins 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.1 Aquatic Biotoxins 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.2 Glycosides 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.3 Other Common Phytotoxins 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.6 Conclusion 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 In Silico Modeling as a Tool to Predict and Characterize Plant Toxicity \u003c\/b\u003e\u003cb\u003e367\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCharles Oluwaseun Adetunji, William Peter Mitembo, Chukwuebuka Egbuna, and G.M. Narasimha Rao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Components of In Silico Toxicity Methods 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.1 Databases 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.2 Molecular Descriptors 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.3 Toxicity Models and Modeling Software 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2.4 Simulation Packages 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Modeling Methods 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Structural Alerts\/Rule Based 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Statistical Structure-Based Activity Relationship Models 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1 Read-Across 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Conclusion 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 379\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52428645335320,"sku":"9781119650232","price":110.79,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119650232.jpg?v=1784683222","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/poisonous-plants-and-phytochemicals-in-drug-discovery-hardback-9781119650232","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}