{"product_id":"oled-display-fundamentals-and-applications-hardback-9781119187318","title":"OLED Display Fundamentals and Applications (Hardback) 9781119187318","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eOLED Display Fundamentals and Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eTakatoshi Tsujimura (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119187318, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 9 June 2017\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e320 pages\u003cbr\u003e23.9 x 16 x 2 cm, 0.658 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eDiese neue Auflage beschäftigt sich vor allem mit den jüngsten wegweisenden Entwicklungen im Hinblick auf Design und Herstellung von OLED-Displays.\u003cbr\u003e - Vermittelt Grundlagen der OLED- und verwandter Technologien für Anwendungen wie Displays und Solid-State-Lighting sowie Hintergrundwissen zu Verarbeitung- und Fertigungstechniken.\u003cbr\u003e - Referenzwerk für Experten im Bereich OLED-Forschung, Fertigung, Anwendungen und Marketing.\u003cbr\u003e - Behandelt Weiß-\/Farbfiltertechnik, die bei großformatigen Fernsehgeräten Standard ist.\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eAbout the Author xi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eSeries Editor’s Foreword to the Second Edition xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 OLED Devices 7\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 OLED Definition 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 History of OLED Research and Development 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Luminescent Effects in Nature 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Difference Between OLED, LED, and Inorganic ELs 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3.1 Inorganic EL 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3.2 LED 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Basic Device Structure 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Basic Light Emission Mechanism 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Potential Energy of Molecules 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Highest Occupied and Lowest Unoccupied Molecular Orbitals (HOMO and LUMO) 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Configuration of Two Electrons 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Spin Function 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Singlet and Triplet Excitons 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Charge Injection from Electrodes 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6.1 Charge Injection by Schottky Thermionic Emission 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6.2 Tunneling Injection 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6.3 Vacuum-Level Shift 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7 Charge Transfer and Recombination 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7.1 Charge Transfer Behavior 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7.2 Space-Charge-Limited Current 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7.3 Poole–Frenkel conduction 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7.4 Recombination and Generation of Excitons 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Emission Efficiency 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Internal\/External Quantum Efficiency 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Energy Conversion and Quenching 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.1 Internal Conversion 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.2 Intersystem Crossing 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.3 Doping 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2.4 Quenching 40\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Outcoupling Efficiency of OLED Display 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.1 Light Output Distribution 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.2 Snell’s Law and Critical Angle 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.3 Loss Due to Light Extraction 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3.4 Performance Enhancement by Molecular Alignment 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Lifetime and Image Burning 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 Lifetime Definitions 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Degradation Analysis and Design Optimization 47\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Degradation Measurement and Mechanisms 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.1 Acceleration Factor and Temperature Contribution 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3.2 Degradation Mechanism Variation 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Technologies to Enhance the Device Performance 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Thermally Activated Delayed Fluorescence 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2 Other Types of Excited States 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.1 Excimer and Exciplex 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2.2 Charge-Transfer Complex 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3 Charge Generation Layer 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 OLED Manufacturing Process 61\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Material Preparation 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Basic Material Properties 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.1 Hole Injection Material 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.2 Hole Transportation Material 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.3 Emission Layer Material 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1.4 Electron Transportation Material and Charge Blocking Material 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Purification Process 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Evaporation Process 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Principle 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Evaporation Sources 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.1 Resistive Heating Method 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.2 Electron Beam Evaporation 75\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2.3 Monitoring Thickness Using a Quartz Oscillator 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Encapsulation 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Dark Spot and Edge Growth Defects 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Light Emission from the Bottom and Top of the OLED Device 80\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Bottom Emission and perimeter sealing 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Top Emission 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 Encapsulation Technologies and Measurement 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.1 Thin-Film Encapsulation 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.2 Face Sealing Encapsulation 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.3 Frit Encapsulation 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5.4 WVTR Measurement 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Problem Analysis 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Ionization Potential Measurement 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Electron Affinity Measurement 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 HPLC Analysis 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Cyclic Voltammetry 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 OLED Display Module 99\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Comparison Between OLED and LCD Modules 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Basic Display Design and Related Characteristics 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Luminous Intensity, Luminance, and Illuminance 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.1 Luminous Intensity 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.2 Luminance 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.3 Illuminance 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.4 Metrics Summary 104\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.5 Helmholtz–Kohlrausch Effect 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 OLED Current Efficiencies and Power Efficacies 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Color Reproduction 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Uniform Color Space 115\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 White Point Determination 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.6 Color Boost 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.7 Viewing Condition 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Passive-Matrix OLED Display 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Structure 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Pixel Driving 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Active-Matrix OLED Display 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 OLED Module Components 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Two-Transistor One-Capacitor (2T1C) Driving Circuit 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Ambient Performance 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3.1 Living Room Contrast Ratio 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3.2 Chroma Reduction Due to Ambient Light 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Subpixel Rendering 138\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 OLED Color Patterning Technologies 143\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Color-Patterning Technologies 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Shadow Mask Patterning 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1.1 Shadow Mask Process 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1.2 Blue Common Layer 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1.3 Polychromatic Pixel 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 White+Color Filter Patterning 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Color Conversion Medium (CCM) Patterning 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Laser-Induced Thermal Imaging (LITI) Method 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.5 Radiation-Induced Sublimation Transfer (RIST) Method 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.6 Dual-Plate OLED Display (DOD) Method 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.7 Other Methods 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Solution-Processed Materials and Technologies 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Next-Generation OLED Manufacturing Tools 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Vapor Injection Source Technology (VIST) Deposition 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Hot-Wall Method 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Organic Vapor-Phase Deposition (OVPD) Method 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 TFT and Driving for Active-Matrix Display 167\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 TFT Structure 167\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 TFT Process 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Low-Temperature Polysilicon Process Overview 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Thin-Film Formation 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Patterning Technique 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.4 Excimer Laser Crystallization 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 MOSFET Basics 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 LTPS-TFT-Driven OLED Display Design 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 OFF Current 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Driver TFT Size Restriction 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Restriction Due to Voltage Drop 185\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 LTPS-TFT Pixel Compensation Circuit 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.1 Voltage Programming 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.2 Current Programming 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.3 External Compensation Method 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4.4 Digital Driving 194\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Circuit Integration by LTPS-TFT 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 TFT Technologies for OLED Displays 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Selective Annealing Method 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1.1 Sequential Lateral Solidification (SLS) Method 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1.2 Selective Annealing by Microlens Array 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Microcrystalline and Superamorphous Silicon 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Solid-Phase Crystallization 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3.1 MIC and MILC Methods 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3.2 AMFC Method 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.4 Oxide Semiconductors 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 OLED Television Applications 215\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Performance Target 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Scalability Concept 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Relationship between Defect Density and Production Yield 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.1 Purpose of Yield Simulation 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1.2 Defective Pixel Number Estimation Using the Poisson Equation 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Scalable Technology 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2.1 Scalability 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Murdoch’s Algorithm to Achieve Low Power and Wide Color Gamut 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 A Method for Achieving Both Low Power and Wide Color Gamut 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 RGBW Driving Algorithm 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 An Approach to Achieve 100% NTSC Color Gamut With Low Power Consumption Using White + Color Filter 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Consideration of Performance Difference between W-RGB and W-RGBW Method 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.1 Issues of White+Color Filter Method for Large Displays 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.2 Analysis of W-RGBW Approach to Circumvent Its Trade-off Situation 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.3 Design of a Prototype to Demonstrate That Low Power Consumption Can Be Achieved with Large Color Gamut 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1.4 Product-Level Performance Demonstration by the Combination of Scalable Technologies 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 New OLED Applications 235\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Flexible Display\/Wearable Displays 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Flexible Display Applications 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Flexible Display Substrates 235\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Laser Liftoff Process 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Barrier Technology for Flexible Displays 240\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5 Organic TFTs for Flexible Displays 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5.1 Organic Semiconductor Materials 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5.2 Organic TFT Device Structure and Processing 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.5.3 Organic TFT Characteristics 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Transparent Displays 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Tiled Display 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 Passive-Matrix Tiling 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Active-Matrix Tiling 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 OLED Lighting 255\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Performance Improvement of OLED Lighting 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Color Rendering Index 257\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 OLED Lighting Requirement 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Correlated Color Temperature (CCT) 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Other Requirements 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Light Extraction Enhancement of OLED Lighting 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Various Light Absorption Mechanisms 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Microlens Array Structure 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Diffusion Structure 266\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Diffraction Structure 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5 Reduction of Plasmon Absorption 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.5.1 Plasmonic Loss Mechanism 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Color Tunable OLED Lighting 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 OLED Lighting Design 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.1 Resistance Reduction 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6.2 Current Reduction 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Roll-to-Roll OLED Lighting Manufacturing 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 281\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52165739643160,"sku":"9781119187318","price":69.39,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119187318.jpg?v=1781099980","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/oled-display-fundamentals-and-applications-hardback-9781119187318","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}