{"product_id":"multiphase-reactor-engineering-for-clean-and-low-carbon-energy-applications-hardback-9781118454695","title":"Multiphase Reactor Engineering for Clean and Low-Carbon Energy Applications (Hardback) 9781118454695","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eMultiphase Reactor Engineering for Clean and Low-Carbon Energy Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eYi Cheng (Edited by), Y Cheng (Author), Fei Wei (Edited by), Yong Jin (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781118454695, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 31 March 2017\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e432 pages\u003cbr\u003e28.2 x 21.1 x 2.5 cm, 1.202 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eProvides a comprehensive review on the brand-new development of several multiphase reactor techniques applied in energy-related processes\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eExplains the fundamentals of multiphase reactors as well as the sophisticated applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eHelps the reader to understand the key problems and solutions of clean coal conversion techniques\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eDetails the emerging processes for novel refining technology, clean coal conversion techniques, low-cost hydrogen productions and CO2 capture and storage\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntroduces current energy-related processes and links the basic principles of emerging processes to the features of multiphase reactors providing an overview of energy conversion in combination with multiphase reactor engineering\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eIncludes case studies of novel reactors to illustrate the special features of these reactors\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Contributors Xv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Novel Fluid Catalytic Cracking Processes 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJinsen Gao, Chunming Xu, Chunxi Lu Chaohe Yang, Gang Wang, Xingying Lan and Yongmin Zhang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 FCC Process Description 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Reaction Process Regulation for the Heavy Oil FCC 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Technology Background 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Principle of the Technology 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Key Fundamental Research 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Industrial Validation 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Advanced Riser Termination Devices for the FCC Processes 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Introduction 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 General Idea of the Advanced RTD System 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Development of the External‐Riser FCC RTD Systems 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Development of the Internal‐Riser FCC RTDs 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.5 Conclusions and Perspectives 18\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 An MZCC FCC Process 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Technology Background 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Reaction Principle for MZCC 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Design Principle of MZCC Reactor 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.4 Key Basic Study 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.5 The Industry Application of MZCC 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.6 Prospectives 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Two‐Stage Riser Fluid Catalytic Cracking Process 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Preface 28\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Reaction Mechanism of Heavy Oil in the Riser Reactor 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 The Proposed TSR FCC Process 32\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 The Industrial Application of the TSR FCC Technology 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.5 The Development of the TSR FCC Process 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 FCC Gasoline Upgrading by Reducing Olefins Content Using SRFCC Process 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Research Background 36\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.2 Reaction Principle of Gasoline Upgrading 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.3 Design and Optimization on the Subsidiary Riser 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.4 Key Fundamental Researches 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.5 Industrial Applications of the SRFCC Process 42\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.6 Outlook 43\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 FCC Process Perspectives 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 45\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Coal Combustion 49\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGuangxi Yue, Junfu Lv and Hairui Yang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Fuel and Combustion Products 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Composition and Properties of Fuel 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Analysis of Compositions in the Fuel 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Calorific Value of Fuel 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.4 Classifications of Coal 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.5 Combustion Products and Enthalpy of Flue Gas 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Device and Combustion Theory of Gaseous Fuels 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Ignition of the Gaseous Fuels 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 Diffusion Gas Burner 52\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.3 Fully Premixed‐Type Gas Burner 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Combustion Theory of Solid Fuel 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 The Chemical Reaction Mechanism of Carbon Combustion 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Carbon Combustion Reaction Process 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Grate Firing of Coal 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Coal Grate Firing Facilities 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Coal Combustion in CFB Boiler 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.1 The Characteristic of Fluidized Bed 57\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.2 Combustion Characteristic of CFB Boiler 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.3 Development of Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Technology 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5.4 Comparison Between Bubbling Fluidized bed and Circulating Fluidized Bed 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Pulverized Coal Combustion 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 Furnace Type of Pulverized Coal Combustion 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2 Circulation Mode of Water Wall 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3 Modern Large‐Scale Pulverized Coal Combustion Technology 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.4 The International Development of the Supercritical Pressure Boiler 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Coal Gasification 65\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eQiang Li and Jiansheng Zhang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Coal Water Slurry 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 The Advantage of CWS 65\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 The Production of CWS 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 The Atomization of CWS 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 The Theory of Coal Gasification 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Overview of Coal Gasification 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 The Main Reaction Processes of Coal Gasification 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Kinetics of Coal Gasification Reaction 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.4 The Influencing Factors of Coal Gasification Reaction 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Fixed Bed Gasification of Coal 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 The Principle of Fixed Bed Gasification 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 The Classification of Fixed Bed Gasification Technology 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Typical Fixed Bed Gasification Technologies 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 The Key Equipment for Pressurized Fixed Bed Gasifier 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 The Application and Improvement of Pressurized Fixed Bed Gasifier in China 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Fluid Bed Gasification of Coal 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 The Basic Principles of Fluidized Bed Gasification 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Typical Technology and Structure of Fluidized Bed Gasification 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Entrained Flow Gasification of Coal 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 The Principle of Entrained Flow Gasification Technology 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Typical Entrained Gas Gasification Technologies 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Introduction to the Numerical Simulation of Coal Gasification 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 The Numerical Simulation Method of Coal Gasification 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Coal Gasification Numerical Simulation (CFD) Method 113\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 New Development in Coal Pyrolysis Reactor 119\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eGuangwen Xu, Xi Zeng, Jiangze Han and Chuigang Fan\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Moving Bed with Internals 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Laboratory Tests at Kilogram Scale 122\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Verification Tests at 100‐kg Scale 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Continuous Pilot Verification 127\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Solid Carrier FB Pyrolysis 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Fundamental Study 130\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Pilot Verification with Air Gasification 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Multistage Fluidized Bed Pyrolysis 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Experimental Apparatus and Method 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Results and Discussion 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Solid Carrier Downer Pyrolysis 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Experimental Apparatus and Method 146\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Results and Discussion 147\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Other Pyrolysis Reactors 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Solid Heat Carrier Fixed Bed 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 A Few Other New Pyrolysis Reactors 150\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Concluding Remarks 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Coal Pyrolysis to Acetylene in Plasma Reactor 155\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBinhang Yan and Yi Cheng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.1 Background 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.2 Principles and Features of Thermal Plasma 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.3 Basic Principles of Coal Pyrolysis in Thermal Plasma 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1.4 Development of Coal Pyrolysis to Acetylene Process 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Experimental Study of Coal Pyrolysis to Acetylene 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Experimental Setup 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Typical Experimental Results 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Thermodynamic Analysis of Coal Pyrolysis to Acetylene 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Equilibrium Composition with\/without Consideration of Solid Carbon 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Validation of Thermodynamic Equilibrium Predictions 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Effect of Additional Chemicals on Thermodynamic Equilibrium 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Key Factors to Determine the Reactor Performance 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 Key Factors to Determine the Reactor Performance 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Computational Fluid Dynamics‐Assisted Process Analysis and Reactor Design 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Kinetic Models of Coal Devolatilization 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Generalized Model of Heat Transfer and Volatiles Evolution Inside Particles 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Cross‐Scale Modeling and Simulation of Coal Pyrolysis to Acetylene 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Conclusion and Outlook 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Multiphase Flow Reactors for Methanol and Dimethyl Ether Production 189\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTiefeng Wang and Jinfu Wang\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.1 Methanol 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1.2 Dimethyl Ether 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Process Description 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Methanol Synthesis 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 DME Synthesis 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Reaction Kinetics 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Reactor Selection 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Fixed Bed Reactor 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Slurry Reactor 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Industrial Design and Scale‐Up of Fixed Bed Reactor 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Types of Fixed Bed Reactors 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Design of Large‐Scale Fixed Bed Reactor 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Industrial Design and Scale‐Up of Slurry Bed Reactor 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Flow Regime of the Slurry Reactor 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Hydrodynamics of Slurry Bed Reactor 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Process Intensification with Internals 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.4 Scale‐Up of Slurry Reactor 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Demonstration of Slurry Reactors 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Conclusions and Remarks 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 215\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Fischer–Tropsch Processes and Reactors 219\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLi Weng and Zhuowu Men\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction to Fischer–Tropsch Processes and Reactors 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 Introduction to Fischer–Tropsch Processes 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Commercial FT Processes 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.3 FT Reactors 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.4 Historical Development of FT SBCR 221\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.5 Challenges for FT SBCR 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 SBCR Transport Phenomena 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Hydrodynamics Characteristics 222\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Mass Transfer 226\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Heat Transfer 229\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 SBCR Experiment Setup and Results 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Introduction to SBCR Experiments 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Cold Mode and Instrumentation 234\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Hot Model and Operation 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Modeling of SBCR for FT Synthesis Process 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Introduction 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Model Discussion 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Multiscale Analysis 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.4 Conclusion 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Reactor Scale‐Up and Engineering Design 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 General Structures of SBCR 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Internal Equipment 259\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Design and Scale‐Up Strategies of SBCR 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Methanol to Lower Olefins and Methanol to Propylene 271\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYao Wang and Fei Wei\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Background 271\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Catalysts 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Catalytic Reaction Mechanism 273\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.1 HP Mechanism 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.2 Dual‐Cycle Mechanism 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3.3 Complex Reactions 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Features of the Catalytic Process 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 Autocatalytic Reactions 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 Deactivation and Regeneration 276\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.3 Exothermic Reactions 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Multiphase Reactors 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Fixed Bed Reactor 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Moving Bed Reactor 280\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.3 Fluidized Bed Reactor 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.4 Parallel or Series Connection Reactors 284\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Industrial Development 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Commercialization of MTO 286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Commercialization of MTP 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 292\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Rector Technology for Methanol to Aromatics 295\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWeizhong Qian and Fei Wei\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Background and Development History 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 The Purpose of Developing Methanol to Aromatics Technology 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Comparison of MTA with Other Technologies Using Methanol as Feedstock 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Chemistry Bases of MTA 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Effect of Operating Conditions 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Effect of Temperature 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Partial Pressure 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Space Velocity of Methanol 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Pressure 302\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Deactivation of the Catalyst 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Reactor Technology of MTA 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Choice of MTA Reactor: Fixed Bed or Fluidized Bed 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 MTA in Lab‐Scale Fluidized Bed Reactor and the Comparison in Reactors with Different Stages 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 20 kt\/a CFB Apparatus for MTA 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.4 Pilot Plant Test of 30 kt\/a FMTA System 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Comparison of MTA Reaction Technology with FCC and MTO System 310\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Natural Gas Conversion 313\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eWisarn Yenjaichon, Farzam Fotovat and John R. Grace\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Reforming Reactions 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Sulfur and Chloride Removal 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Catalysts 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Chemical Kinetics 315\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Fixed Bed Reforming Reactors 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Shift Conversion Reactors 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 High‐Temperature WGS 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.2 Low‐Temperature WGS 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Pressure Swing Adsorption 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.9 Steam Reforming of Higher Hydrocarbons 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.10 Dry (Carbon Dioxide) Reforming 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11 Partial Oxidation (POX) 320\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.1 Homogeneous POX 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.11.2 Catalytic Partial Oxidation 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.12 Autothermal Reforming (ATR) 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.13 Tri‐Reforming 321\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14 Other Efforts to Improve SMR 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14.1 Fluidized Beds 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14.2 Permselective Membranes 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.14.3 Sorbent‐Enhanced Reforming 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.15 Conclusions 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Multiphase Reactors for Biomass Processing and Thermochemical Conversions 331\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eXiaotao T. Bi and Mohammad S. Masnadi\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Biomass Feedstock Preparation 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Biomass Drying 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Biomass Torrefaction Treatment 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Biomass Pyrolysis 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Pyrolysis Principles and Reaction Kinetics 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Multiphase Reactors for Slow and Fast Pyrolysis 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.3 Catalytic Pyrolysis of Biomass 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.4 Biomass‐to‐Liquid Via Fast Pyrolysis 342\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Biomass Gasification 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.1 Principles of Biomass Gasification 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.2 Gasification Reactions Mechanisms and Models 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.3 Catalytic Gasification of Biomass 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.4 Multiphase Reactors for Gasification 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.5 Biomass Gasification Reactor Modeling 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.6 Downstream Gas Processing 356\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4.7 Technology Roadmap and Recent Market Developments 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Biomass Combustion 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Principles of Biomass Combustion 359\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Reaction Mechanisms and Kinetics 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Multiphase Reactors for Combustion 361\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.4 Advanced Combustion Systems 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.5 Agglomeration, Fouling, and Corrosion 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.6 Future Technology Developments 365\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Challenges of Multiphase Reactors for Biomass Processing 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Fluidization of Irregular Biomass Particles 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Feeding, Conveying of Biomass 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.3 Reactor Modeling, Simulation, and Scale‐Up 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.4 Economics of Commercial Biomass Conversion Systems 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Chemical Looping Technology for Fossil Fuel Conversion with \u003ci\u003eIn Situ \u003c\/i\u003eCO\u003csub\u003e2\u003c\/sub\u003e Control 377\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eLiang‐Shih Fan, Andrew Tong and Liang Zeng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.1 Chemical Looping Concept 377\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1.2 Historical Development 379\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Oxygen Carrier Material 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.1 Primary Material Selection 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2.2 Iron‐Based Oxygen Carrier Development 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Chemical Looping Reactor System Design 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Thermodynamic Analysis 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Kinetic Analysis 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Hydrodynamic Analysis 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Chemical Looping Technology Platform 396\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Syngas Chemical Looping Process 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Coal Direct Chemical Looping Process 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Shale Gas-to-Syngas Process 399\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Conclusion 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 401\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 405\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Industrial chemistry \u0026amp; manufacturing technologies\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Industrial%20chemistry%20\u0026amp;%20manufacturing%20technologies%20%5BTD%5D%22\"\u003eTD\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52417775698200,"sku":"9781118454695","price":120.69,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781118454695.jpg?v=1784508257","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/multiphase-reactor-engineering-for-clean-and-low-carbon-energy-applications-hardback-9781118454695","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}