{"product_id":"molecular-nanographenes-synthesis-properties-and-applications-hardback-9783527353224","title":"Molecular Nanographenes; Synthesis, Properties, and Applications (Hardback) 9783527353224","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eMolecular Nanographenes\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eSynthesis, Properties, and Applications\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eNazario Martin (Edited by), Colin P. Nuckolls (Edited by)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9783527353224, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 21 May 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e544 pages\u003cbr\u003e24.4 x 17 x 1.5 cm, 0.68 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eExplore the world’s most powerful materials with nanographene research\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eGraphene, comprised of a single layer of carbon atoms in a honeycomb nanostructural arrangement, is the thinnest and strongest material yet known to science. Despite that this pristine carbon allotrope exhibits a variety of outstanding properties, its zero bandgap prevents its use for some optoelectronic applications. Fragments of graphene, or nanographenes, have shown a great potential to obviate these problems, thus paving the way for the development of chiroptical and optoelectronic properties. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMolecular Nanographenes\u003c\/i\u003e constitutes a comprehensive overview on the synthesis of these materials and their properties. Covering their widely varying morphologies, their potential applications, and their valuable chiroptical and photophysical features, it also analyzes multiple approaches to obtain nanographene by using both top-down and bottom-up methodologies. The result is a one-stop shop for materials scientists and other researchers interested in these emergent and fascinating materials. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMolecular Nanographenes\u003c\/i\u003e readers will also find: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eA careful distinction between top-down and bottom-up approaches to nanographene synthesis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003eDetailed discussion of nanographene configurations including planar, bilayer, helical, nanobelt, and many other geometries\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003cli\u003e An authorial team with pioneering research experience in the study of nano-sized graphenes and their synthesis\u003c\/li\u003e\n\u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003ci\u003eMolecular Nanographenes\u003c\/i\u003e is ideal for materials scientists, polymer chemists, solid state chemists, organic chemists, and any other researchers looking to work with shape and size-controlled flakes of graphenes.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword xiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface xvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Aromaticity and Antiaromaticity in Nanographenes: An Overview 1\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eAlbert Artigas and Miquel Solà\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Global and Local Aromaticity 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Methods to Quantify Aromaticity 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.1 Energetic Descriptors of Aromaticity 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.2 Electronic Descriptors of Aromaticity 9\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.3 Geometric Descriptors of Aromaticity 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3.4 Magnetic Descriptors of Aromaticity 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 The Analysis of Aromaticity in Nanographene Systems 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Concluding Remarks 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Covalent Patterned Functionalization of Graphene 31\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTao Wei and Andreas Hirsch\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Substrate-Mediated Chemical Patterning 33\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Tip-Induced Patterned Functionalization 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Lithography-assisted Molecular Engineering 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Laser Writing 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Conclusion 50\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Nanographenes by Bottom-up Approach: The Scholl Reaction 55\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eDaniel T. Gryko, Wojciech D. Petrykowski, and Krzysztof J. Kochanowski\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Planar Nanographenes 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Heterocyclic Analogs of Planar Nanographenes 63\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Nonplanar, Curved, and Twisted Nanographenes 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Heterocyclic Analogs of Nonplanar Nanographenes 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Surface-assisted (cyclo)Dehydration 74\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Summary and Outlook 76\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Racemization Barriers in Chiral Molecular Nanographenes 83\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJesús M. Fernández-García, Patricia Izquierdo-García, Salvatore Filippone, and Nazario Martín\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 83\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Structural Motifs for Chirality in Nanographenes 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Gaussian Curvature 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Helicenes 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Rolling 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Strain 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Classification of Chiral Molecular NGs According to Their Isomerization Barriers 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Flexible Nanographenes (\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Nanographenes with Spectroscopically Detectable Chirality (5–20 kcal mol −1) 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Isolable Nanographenes (20–35 kcal mol −1) 90\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Rigid Nanographenes (\u0026gt;35 kcal mol −1) 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.8 Enantioselective Synthesis of Rigid Molecular Nanographenes 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.9 Conclusion 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Synthesis of Helicenes 105\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIrena G. Stará and Ivo Starý\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Characteristics of Helicenes 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Synthetic Methodologies 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Photocyclodehydrogenation of 1,2-Diaryl Olefins or Arenes 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Oxidative Aromatic Coupling: Scholl Reaction 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Transition Metal-Catalyzed [2 + 2 + 2] Cycloisomerization of π-Electron Systems 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.4 Diels–Alder Cycloaddition of Aromatic Vinylethers with \u003ci\u003ep-Benzoquinone 117\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.5 Transition Metal-Catalyzed Hydroarylation of Alkynes 119\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.6 Other Synthetic Approaches 120\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Advanced Helicene Architectures 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Summary and Outlook 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgment 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Carbon Nanobelt History and Chemistry 149\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eHiroki Shudo, Daiki Imoto, Akiko Yagi, and Kenichiro Itami\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 149\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Synthetic Attempts to CNBs 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Some Synthetic Attempts to Cyclacenes 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 CNBs Observed by Mass Spectroscopy 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.3 Top-Down Approach to CNBs 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Synthesis of CNBs 153\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Synthesis of Related Aromatic Nanobelts 154\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Synthesis of Topological Aromatic Nanobelts 157\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Conclusion 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Negatively Curved Nanographenes 163\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eKa Man Cheung and Qian Miao\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Negatively Curved Nanographenes Containing Seven-Membered Rings 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Incorporation of Seven-Membered Rings at an Early Stage of Synthesis 165\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Formation of Seven-Membered Rings at a Late Stage of the Synthesis 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Negatively Curved Nanographenes Containing Eight-Membered Rings 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Incorporation of Eight-Membered Rings at an Early Synthetic Stage 175\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 Formation of Eight-Membered Rings at the Final Step of Synthesis 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Structures and Stereochemical Dynamics and Properties 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Negatively Curved Molecular Nanocarbons Beyond Nanographenes and Bottom-up Approaches to Carbon Schwarzites 184\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Conclusion and Outlook 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 From PAH-based Cyclophanes to Nanographenophanes 193\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eParinaz Salari and Graham J. Bodwell\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Synthetic Considerations 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Pentacenophanes (C22) 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Indeno[2,3-b]triphenylenophanes (C25) 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Dibenzo[c,l]chrysenophanes (C26) 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Dibenzo[f,j]picenophanes (C30) and Tetrabenz[a,c,h,j]anthracenes (c30) 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Teropyrenophanes (C36) 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 A π-Extended Azacorannulenophane (C36 N) 211\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Hexabenzocoronenophanes (C42) 213\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.10 hept-Hexabenzocoronenophanes (C43) 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.11 Summary and Outlook 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 219\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Bilayer and Multilayer Nanographenes: Synthesis and Properties 223\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003ePatricia Izquierdo-García, Juan Lión-Villar, Jesús M. Fernández-García, and Nazario Martín\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Van der Waals Molecular Nanographenes 225\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Bilayers from Fused Radicals 230\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Covalently Linked Bilayers 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Conclusions 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Large π-Extended Carbon Nanorings: From Syntheses to Properties 243\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eJinyi Wang, Dapeng Lu, and Pingwu Du\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1 Carbon Nanorings with Inserted Six-Membered Ring-Based PAHs 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1.1 With Inserted Naphthalene(s) 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1.2 With Inserted Anthracene(s) or Phenanthrene(s) 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1.3 With Inserted Pyrene(s) or Perylene(s) 248\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.1.4 With Inserted Other PAHs 249\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2 Carbon Nanorings Consisting Solely of PAHs 252\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2.1 Consisting Solely of Naphthalenes 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2.2 Consisting Solely of Anthracenes, Pyrenes, or Chrysenes 254\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.2.3 Consisting Solely of Other PAHs 255\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.3 CPP-based Oligomers and Polymers 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1.4 Conclusions and Outlook 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 262\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Nanographenes with Multiple Zigzag Edges 267\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYa Zou and Jishan Wu\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Peri-Acenes 268\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Triangular Nanographenes 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Peri-acenoacenes 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Circumarenes 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Conclusion 283\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Synthesis of Graphene Nanoribbons, Nanographenes, and Fused Aromatic Networks Through the Formation of Pyrazine Rings 289\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFelix Hernández-Culebras and Aurelio Mateo-Alonso\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Graphene Nanoribbons and Nanographenes 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Fused Aromatic Networks 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Conclusions 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Conjugated Nanohoops: Synthesis, Properties, and Applications 303\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBirgit Esser, Philipp Seitz, Andrej Weber, and Jan S. Wössner\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Synthetic Strategies to Conjugated Nanohoops 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Pt-, Ni-, or Au-Mediated Macrocyclizations in the Synthesis of Nanohoops 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Synthesis of Conjugated Nanohoops via Kinked Precursors to π-System Panels 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Properties of Conjugated Nanohoops 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Optoelectronic Properties 309\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Chirality 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Host–Guest Chemistry 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.4 Solid-State Structures 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Applications of Conjugated Nanohoops 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.1 Organic Electronics 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.2 Bottom-up Synthesis of Carbon Nanotubes 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4.3 Biological Fluorophores 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Conclusions 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Chiral Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds with Monkey Saddle Topologies 323\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTobias Kirschbaum and Michael Mastalerz\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Saddle Mathematics 327\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Synthesis 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 X-Ray Crystal Structures of Monkey Saddle PAHs 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 NICS and ACID Plots 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Inversion Barriers and Chiroptical Properties 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Other Monkey Saddle PAHs and Related Systems 337\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Summary and Outlook 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 340\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 On-Surface Synthesis of π-Conjugated Polymers 345\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eNazario Martín and David Écija\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Content 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Conclusions 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Merging Organic Chemistry with Surface Science for the Preparation of Nanographenes 363\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eIago Pozo, Dolores Pérez, and Diego Peña\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 363\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 Scanning Probe Microscopies for the Characterization of Nanographenes Obtained by Solution-Phase Chemistry 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Combining Solution-Phase and On-Surface Chemistry for the Synthesis of Nanographenes 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.1 Surface-Assisted Cyclodehydrogenation Reaction 367\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.2 Surface-Assisted Ullmann-Type Reactions 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.3 Alternative Reactions Used for the On-Surface Preparation of Nanographenes 371\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3.4 Combining On-Surface Reactions Toward the Preparation of Nanographenes 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Concluding Remarks 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 375\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Chiral Materials from Twistacenes and Helicenes 381\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eSi Tong Bao, Qifeng Jiang, Haoyu Jiang, Daniel Èavloviæ, and Colin Nuckolls\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.1 Background 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1.2 The Building Block 381\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Twistacene-based Materials 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Preparation 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 Properties 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.3 Organic Photovoltaics and Photodetectors 388\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.4 Electrochemical Storage Using hPDIs 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Helicene-Based Materials 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 Preparation 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 Chiral Amplification 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Future Directions 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Nanographene Diradicals 397\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFabrizia Negri and Juan Casado\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 On the Origin of the Diradical State in Monocyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbons: The Case of Cyclobutadiene 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Nanographene Diradical Made from Mixtures of Quinoidal Bonding States and Nonbonding States 403\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.1 The Zethrene Family 404\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.2 The Bisphenalenylene Family 406\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.3 On-Surface Diradicals 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3.4 Graphene Nanoribbons and Their Diradical (i.e. Polyradical Character) 409\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 The Diradical State in All-Zig-zag Polycyclic Conjugated Hydrocarbons: On the Reversed Aromatic→Quinoidal Way to Open-Shell Nanographenes 410\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.1 The Acenoacene Family 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.2 The Oligorylene Family 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 The Diradical State as a Result of Zig-zag Versus Arm-chair Structures with “Mobile” Quinoidal Rings with Quinoidal → Aromatic Transformation in the Diradical State 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1 The Peri-Acene Family 415\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2 The Circumacene Family 417\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3 The Unique Case of Rhombenes 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Conclusions 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 420\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e19 Circularly Polarized Luminescence (CPL) in Nanographenes 425\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eCarlos M. Cruz, Sandra Míguez-Lago, Daniel Salvador-Gil, and Araceli G. Campaña\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.1 Introduction 425\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.2 (1 × HBC)-Based Chiral Nanographenes 428\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.3 (1 × HBC)-Based Heteroatom-Doped Chiral Nanographenes 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.4 2 × HBC-Based Chiral Nanographenes 434\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.5 3 × HBC-based Chiral Nanographenes 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.6 4 × HBCs-based Chiral Nanographenes and Beyond 438\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e19.7 Summary Table and Outlook 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 445\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e20 Redox Properties of Nanographenes 449\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eYikun Zhu and Marina A. Petrukhina\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.1 Introduction 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.2 Planar Nanographene Fragments 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3 Contorted Nanographenes with Positive and Negative Curvatures 456\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.1 Corannulene-based Nanographenes 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.2 Cyclooctatetraene-based Nanographenes 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e20.3.3 Bilayer Nanographene 468\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e21 Kekulé and Non-Kekulé Nanographenes: A Magnetic Perspective 483\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eFupeng Wu, Muhammad Imran, Ji Ma, and Xinliang Feng\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.1 Introduction 483\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.2 Stable Open-Shell Kekulé NGs (S = 0) as Quantum Units 485\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.3 Concealed Non-Kekulé Nanographenes (S = 0) 486\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4 Obvious Non-Kekulé Nanographenes (S \u0026gt; 0) 488\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.1 Spin 1 \/ 2 Non-Kekulé Nanographenes (S = 1 \/ 2) 489\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.4.2 High-Spin Non-Kekulé Nanographenes (S ≥ 1) 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5 Engineering of Magnetic Coupling in Non-Kekulé Nanographenes 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5.1 Spin 1 \/ 2 Dimers 498\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5.2 Triangulene (S = 1) Dimers and Trimers 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.5.3 [3]Triangulene (S = 1) Based Spin Chains 501\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e21.6 Summary and Outlook 504\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgments 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 505\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 511\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Chemistry [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Chemistry\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Chemistry%20%5BPN%5D%22\"\u003ePN\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley-VCH","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52511346721048,"sku":"9783527353224","price":106.35,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9783527353224.jpg?v=1786597123","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/molecular-nanographenes-synthesis-properties-and-applications-hardback-9783527353224","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}