{"product_id":"mechatronics-for-complex-products-and-systems-project-based-design-approaches-for-robots-cyber-physical-systems-digital-twins-and-other-emerging-technologies-hardback-9781394209590","title":"Mechatronics for Complex Products and Systems; Project-Based Design Approaches for Robots, Cyber-Physical Systems, Digital Twins, and Other Emerging Technologies (Hardback) 9781394209590","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eMechatronics for Complex Products and Systems\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\u003cfont size=\"5\"\u003eProject-Based Design Approaches for Robots, Cyber-Physical Systems, Digital Twins, and Other Emerging Technologies\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eZhuming Bi (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781394209590, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 27 February 2025\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e704 pages\u003cbr\u003e25.9 x 18.5 x 4.1 cm, 1.134 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eA project-based approach to designing mechatronic systems with new and emerging technologies\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eIn \u003ci\u003eMechatronics for Complex Products and Systems: Project-Based Designs for Cyber-Physical Systems, Digital Twins, and Other Emerging Technologies,\u003c\/i\u003e distinguished researcher Dr. Zhuming Bi delivers an expert discussion of real-world mechatronics skills that students will need in their engineering careers. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe book explains the characteristics and innovation principles underlying mechatronic systems, including modularization, adaptability, predictability, sustainability, and concurrent engineering. A mechatronic system is decomposed into a set of mechatronic functional modules such as power systems, actuating systems, sensing systems, systems of signal conditioning and processing, and control systems. \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003eThe author also offers: \u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eA thorough introduction from classic integration of mechanical, electronic and electrical systems to more complex products and systems, including cyber-physical systems, robotics, human-robot interactions, digital twins, and Internet of Things applications\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eInsightful project assignments that help reinforce a practical understanding of a learning subject\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003ePractical discussions of real-world engineering problems\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eComprehensive guidance on how to select the right type of sensors, motors, and controllers for a variety of mechatronic functional modules\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003ePerfect for advanced undergraduate and graduate students of mechatronics, \u003ci\u003eMechatronics for Complex Products and Systems\u003c\/i\u003e will also benefit professional engineers working on interdisciplinary projects enabled by digital technologies, Internet of Things (IoT), and Artificial Intelligence (AI).\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xvii \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAbout the Companion Website xix \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Growing Complexity of Engineering Designs 1 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Products 3 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Manufacturing Technologies 5 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Business Environments 6 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.4 Engineering Design 6 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Integrated Engineering Design 7 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Mechatronics for Multi- or Interdisciplinary Designs 9 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Mechatronic Design Examples 11 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Development of Football Robot Team 11 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Reusing Robots to Unload Heat Sinks Automatically 12 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Rebuilding Rail Test Machine 14 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 Testing of Electric Hardness 16 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.5 Valve Needle Assembly Station 16 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.6 Ejecting Engine Fans from Performance Tester 18 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.7 Demonstrator of Automated Spacer Removals in Truck Assembly Line 19 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Group Technologies (GTs) for Mechatronic Designs 21 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Mechatronics and Mechatronic Functional Modules (MFMs) 22 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Mechatronic Design Methodologies 24 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Organization of the Book 25 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.10 Summary 26 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 28 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 28 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Mechatronic Designs – Innovations, Theories, and Methods 31\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Innovative Thinking 31 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Theory of Inventive Problem-Solving (TRIZ) as Tactic Methodology 34 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Innovations of Mechatronic Systems 39 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Modularization 39 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Integrability 41 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Coupled Discipline Modeling 42 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Concurrent Design 43 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Decentralized Controls 45 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Event-Driven Automation 46 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7 Adaptability and Re-configurability 46 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.8 Predictability 48 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.9 System Resilience 49 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.10 Continuous Adaptation (CA) 50 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Architecture of Mechatronic Systems 51 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Design of Mechatronic Systems 54 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6 Mechatronic Design Methodologies 57 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.1 System Modeling Language (SysML) 58 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.2 Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) 59 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.3 Axiomatic Design Theory (ADT) 61 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.4 Concurrent Design Optimization (CDO) 63 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.6.5 Virtual Verification and Validation (VVV) 65 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7 Project-Based Mechatronic Design (PBMD) 65 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.1 Existing Assistive Evacuating Technologies 66 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.2 Proposed Assistive Evacuation Device 69 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.3 Main Functional Requirements from Use Cases 69 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4 Project-Based Mechatronic Designs 72 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4.1 Folding and Unfolding Mechanism 72 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4.2 Reaction Forces on Tracks for Structural Elements 72 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4.3 Motor for Lifting Mechanism 74 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4.4 Control of Evacuation Device 76 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.7.4.5 PBMD in Mechatronic Design 77 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.8 Summary 77 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 78 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 81 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Power Generation, Storage, Supply and Transmission 87\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 87 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Energy, Work, and Power 87 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Energy Source 90 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Driving Components – Functional Requirements (FRs) 91 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Power Transmission 93 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Functional Requirements (FRs) 94 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Machine Elements for Power Transmission 95 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.3 Types of Machine Elements 95 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.4 Procedure in Designing or Selecting Machine Elements 95 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.5 Machine Elements in Mechatronic Systems 98 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.6 Mechanical Power Transmission Examples 98 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Power Generation 100 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Internal Combustion (IC) Generator 102 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Solar Power Generator 103 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.3 Wind Turbine Generator 105 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.4 Geothermal Generator 105 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.5 Other Generators 106 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.6 Selection of Power Source for Mechatronic System 107 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Requirements of Power Supplies and Storages 109 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.1 Requirements of Power Supplies 109 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.2 Classification of Energy Storage Systems 111 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.3 Flywheel Energy Storage System (FESS) 112 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.4 Pumped Hydro Energy Storage (PHES) 114 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.5 Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) 115 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.6 Gravity Energy Storage (GES) 115 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.7 Electrical Energy Storage (EES) 116 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.8 Thermal Energy Storage (TES) 118 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7.9 Comparison of Different Energy Storages 120 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Selection of Power Supplies 122 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 Summary 122 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 122 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 123 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Actuating Systems 127\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 127 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Functional Requirements (FRs) 129 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Design Variables (DVs) 132 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Basics of Energy Conversion 135 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Mechanical Energy Conversion 135 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Electromechanical Energy Conversion 140 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Thermomechanical Energy Conversion 148 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Electro-stimulated Materials 149 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Magneto-rheological Fluid Energy Conversion 151 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.6 Nano-level Energy Conversion 152 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Main Components 153 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Valve and Electric Actuators 154 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Valve Actuators 155 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.2 Electric Actuators and Motors 157 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.3 Selection of Motors 160 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.7 Summary 161 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 161 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 162 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Sensing Systems 165\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 165 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Sensors, Actuators, and Transducers 169 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Classifications 170 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Types of Quantities to be Measured 170 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Requirements Related to Measurement 171 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Specifications Related to Measurement 171 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Working Principles 173 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Hooke’s Law 173 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Ohm’s Law 175 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 Photoconductivity 176 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 Hall Effect 177 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 Faraday’s Law of Induction 178 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.6 Curie–Weiss Law 179 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.7 Time of Flight (ToF) 181 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Types of Physical Quantities 182 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Displacement, Position, and Proximity 182 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Velocity 184 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Acceleration 186 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 Force 188 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4.1 Direct Contact Sensors 188 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4.2 Piezoelectric Sensors 189 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4.3 Conventional Force Sensors 190 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.5 Pressure 191 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.6 Contacts 193 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.7 Temperature 195 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.8 Chemical Particles 197 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Optical Encoders 199 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Resolutions 199 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Decoding 202 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Sensors in MEMS 203 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.8 Summary 205 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 205 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 207 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Bridging Physical and Cyber Systems 209\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 209 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Characteristics of Signals 209 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.1 Analog Signals 209 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2.2 Digital Signals 211 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Conversions of Digital and Analog Signals 212 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Basic Electronic Elements for DSP 213 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Operational Amplifiers (Op-Amps) 213 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Comparators 216 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Digitization 217 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Sampling 217 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Quantizing 220 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Sampling and Quantizing in Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) 221 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Analog-to-Digital Conversion (ADC) 225 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Integrating ADC 226 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Flash Converter 227 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Successive Approximation 228 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Holding Process in Sampling 236 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Digital-to-Analog Conversion (DAC) 237 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.1 Weighted Resistor DAC 237 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.2 R-2R Ladder DAC 239 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8.3 Quantization Noise 240 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.9 Summary 241 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 241 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 242 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Signal Conditioning and Processing 245\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 245 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Basic Concepts in Electronic Circuits 245 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Charge, Current, Voltage, and Power 245 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Resistor, Capacitor, and Inductor 248 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.3 Input Loading and Output Loading 250 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.4 Basic Types of Signals 251 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.5 Main Parameters of Periodical Signals 254 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.6 Amplitude and Phase Changes 254 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.7 Wheatstone Bridges 257 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Signal Cleaning 259 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Signal Isolation 260 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Optical Isolation by Light-Emitting Diodes (LEDs) 260 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Capacitive Isolation by Capacitor 261 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.3 Inductive Isolation by Inductor 261 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Signal Transmission 262 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Switches 262 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Multiplexer 262 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.3 Protection from High Voltage and Current 264 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.4 Modulation\/Demodulation 265 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Signal Conditioning 266 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Amplification 266 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Attenuation 271 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.3 Filtering 271 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.4 Linearization 275 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.5 Conditioning Digital Signals 275 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.6 Signal Clipping 277 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Signal Clamping 277 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Summary 278 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 278 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 279 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 System Controls 281\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Basics of Control Systems 281 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.1 Complexity of Control Problem 281 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.2 Types of Control Problems 283 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.3 Architecture of Control Systems 284 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1.4 Design of Control Systems 285 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Control Theory 286 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 Open-Loop Control Versus Closed-Loop Control 286 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 Process Control Versus Motion Control 287 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 Steady Response Versus Transient Response 288 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.4 Transfer Functions 288 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.5 Orders of Control Systems 292 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.6 Stability Analysis 295 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.7 Accuracy of Control Systems 299 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.8 Classification of Control Systems 302 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.9 Frequency Responses 303 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Proportional–Integral–Derivative (PID) Controls 305 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Analog and Digital Implementation of PID Controllers 307 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Advanced Controls 309 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Intelligent Controls 309 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 Fuzzy Logic 310 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Artificial Neural Network (ANN) 310 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Design of Control System 312 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.1 Microcontrollers 313 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.2 Digital Signal Processing (DSP) 313 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.3 Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGA) 315 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.4 Microcomputers 316 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7.5 Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) 316 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Programming in PLC 318 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.1 Data Structure and Flow 318 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.2 Operating Cycle 319 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.3 I\/O Modules and Addresses 319 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.4 Elements of Logic Control 322 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.5 Ladder Logic Diagrams 325 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.6 Timers and Counters 327 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.7 Sequencers 328 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Summary 330 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 331 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 333 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Digital Twins (DT-I), Digital Triads (DT-II), and Internet of Digital Triads Things (IoDTT) 335\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 335 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Digital Twins (DT-I) 338 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Enabling Technologies 339 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.1 Data Acquisition 339 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.2 Modeling and Simulation 340 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.3 Communication Technologies 340 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.4 Cloud Technologies 340 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3.5 Big Data Analytics (BDA) 342 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 From Digital to Physical Twins by Manufacturing 342 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 DT-Is in Manufacturing 343 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.1 System Digitization 347 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.2 Interactions of Physical and Digital Worlds 348 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.3 Historical Development of DT-I 349 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.4 Communication and Integration 351 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5.5 System Architecture 353 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Limitations of DT-Is 354 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.7 Advanced Attributes of Digital Entities in Manufacturing 355 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.8 Concept of Digital Triad (DT-II) 356 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.9 The Internet of Digital Triads Things (IoDTT) 360 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10 DT-Is and DT-IIs in Sustainable Mechatronic Systems 362 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.1 Monitoring and Controlling 362 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.2 Data-Driven Decision-Making 364 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.3 Fault Detections 366 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.4 Predication of Fatigue Life 368 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.10.5 Virtual Verification and Validation (V and V) 370 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.11 Summary 371 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 371 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 374 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Cyber-Physical Systems 379\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 379 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Characteristics of CPSs 382 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Basic Features of Cyber System of CPS 384 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Reactive Computation 385 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Parallel Computing 385 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Feedback Controls 385 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.4 Realtime-Ness 385 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.5 Dependability, Reliability, and Safety Assurance 386 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.6 Biological Intelligence 387 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.7 Hybrid Systems 387 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.8 Embedded Computation 387 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.9 Standards of Cyber Systems 387 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Design of CPSs 387 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Mathematical Modeling 388 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.1 Modeling Continuous Dynamics 391 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.2 Discrete Event Dynamic System (DEDS) 396 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.3 Hybrid Modeling 398 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5.4 State Machines 400 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.6 Development Standards 403 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7 Model-Based System Engineering (MBSE) 404 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.1 Modeling in MBSE 404 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.2 Design Stages in MBSE 405 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.3 Acausality Modeling by Modelica 406 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.4 Programming in Modelica 409 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.5 Formal Semantics 412 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.7.6 Verification and Validation (V\u0026amp;V) 414 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.8 Summary 415 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 416 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 418 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Internet of Things 421\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 421 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.1 IoT Concepts 422 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.2 Smart Things 424 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1.3 Communication Protocols 425 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Characteristics of IoT-Enabled Systems 427 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Importance of IoT in Mechatronics 428 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Data Flows in IoT-Enabled Systems 431 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 IoT-Enabled Capabilities 432 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.1 Interactions 433 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.2 Big Data Analytics (BDA) 435 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5.3 Digital Manufacturing (DM) 435 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Project-Based IoT-Enabled System Development 438 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Ubiquitous Sensing 439 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Fusing and Integrating Data from Heterogeneous Sources 439 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.3 Methods of Coping with Big Data 440 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.4 Surveillance and Data Visualization 441 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.5 Workflow Composition 441 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.6 Standardization of Specifications 444 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.7 Data Acquisition, Classification, and Utilization 444 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.7 Summary and Conclusion 445 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 447 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 447 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Robotics 451\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 451 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Classifications 454 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Basic Terminologies in Robotics 456 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.1 Mechanical Structure 457 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.2 Degrees of Freedom (DOF) 458 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.3 Workspaces 462 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.4 Modeling and Simulation 464 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.5 Accuracy, Precision, and Calibration 464 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3.6 Other Specifications 465 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Kinematic Modeling 466 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.1 Positions of Points, Links, and Bodies in 2D and 3D Space 466 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.2 Motions of Particles, Links, and Bodies 468 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3 Vector-Loop Method for Motion Analysis of Plane Mechanism 473 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3.1 Kinematic Parameters and Variables 477 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3.2 Inverse Kinematics 477 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.3.3 Forward Kinematics 478 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.4 Denavit–Hartenberg (D–H) Notation 479 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4.5 Jacobian Matrix for Velocity Relations 481 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Dynamic Modeling 491 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.1 Inertia and Moments of Inertia 491 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.2 Newton–Euler Formulation 493 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5.3 Lagrangian Method 498 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Kinematic and Dynamics Modeling in Virtual Design 500 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.1 Motion Simulation 502 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.2 Model Preparation 502 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.3 Creation of Simulation Model 504 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.4 Define Motion Variables 504 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.5 Setting Simulation Parameters 506 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.6 Run Simulation and Visualize Motion 506 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.7 Analyze Simulation Data 507 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.8 Structural Simulation Using Motion Loads 508 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6.9 Summary on Kinematic and Dynamic Modeling 510 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Mobile Robots 511 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.1 Three-Wheeled Robots 514 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.2 Four-Wheeled Robots 515 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7.3 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) 516 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Robotic Programming 519 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Summary 521 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 521 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 524 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 End-Effectors 527\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 527 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Grasping Theory 528 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.1 Contacts on Object 528 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.2 Motions and Forces 530 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.3 Frictions 531 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.4 Grasping Model 533 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.5 Form Closure 534 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.6 Force Closure 536 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2.7 Quality of Grasping 537 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Mechatronic Design of End-Effectors 537 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Mechanical and Actuating Components 538 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.2 Sensing Components 541 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.3 Control Components 542 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Evaluation of Grasping Performance 544 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 Grasping Configurations 545 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Types of End-Effectors 546 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.1 Types of Grippers 546 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.2 Types of Processing Tools 548 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3 Multifunctional Tools 549 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3.1 Concepts 550 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3.2 Classification 550 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages 554 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3.4 Selection Principles 556 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6.3.5 Development Trends 556 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.7 Main Factors in Designing an End-Effector 558 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.8 Computer-Aided Design Tools for End-Effectors 560 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.9 Summary 560 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 560 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 561 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Metaverses for Sustainability Mechatronic Systems 565\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 565 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 FRs of Sustainable Mechatronic Systems 566 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.1 Scalability, Accessibility, Security, Privacy, and Legal Issues 568 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.2 First-Time-Right from Virtual to Physical World 568 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.3 Ubiquitous Data and Computing 568 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.4 Diagonalizability, Predictability, and Adaptability 569 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.5 Human Intelligence for Uncertainty and Changes 570 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2.6 Data-Driven Decision-Making Supports 571 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Metaverse and Relevant Technologies 573 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Architecture or Framework 574 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Virtual Reality (VR), Augmented Reality (AR), Mixed Reality (MR), and Extended Reality (ER) 576 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Digital Twins (DTs), Cyber-Physical Systems 578 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.4 Internet of Things (IoT) and Edge Computing 579 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.5 Big Data Analytics (BDA) and Cloud Computing (CC) 581 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.6 Blockchain Technologies (BCTs) 581 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.7 Artificial Intelligence (AI) 583 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.8 Human–Machine Interactions (HMI) 585 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.9 Data-Driven Decision-Making Systems 586 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Metaverses for Sustainability 587 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Metaverses to Deal with Changes and Uncertainties 588 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 Sustainable Manufacturing 590 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Framework of Metaverse Use Cases 590 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.4 Metaverses for Remote Access 592 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Summary and Future Work 593 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 593 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 594 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Human Cyber-Physical Systems (HCPS) 603\u003c\/b\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 603 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Humans’ Roles in CPS 605 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Enabling Technologies 608 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Human–Machine Interactions (HMI) 610 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 Collaborative Robots 610 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 Types of HMIs 612 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 Collaborative Machines in Manufacturing 613 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.4 Critical Requirements of Cobots 613 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.5 Safety Assurance Mechanisms for Cobots 616 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.5.1 Safety-Rated Monitored Stop (SRMS) 616 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.5.2 Hand Guiding (HG) 617 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.5.3 Speed and Separation Monitoring (SSM) 618 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.5.4 Power and Force Limiting (PFL) 618 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.6 Cobotic Systems 618 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.7 End-Effectors of Cobots 620 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.7.1 Affordable Force Monitoring 620 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.7.2 Ergonomic Protection of Grippers 621 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.8 Safety Assurance in HCPSs 622 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Example of Assistive Technologies 622 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.1 Cobots in Healthcare 622 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.2 Conceptual Design of Cobot 623 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.3 Kinematic Model 624 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.4 Motion for Arbitrary Explicit Trajectory 625 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.5 Motions of Omniwheels 626 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6 Dynamic Control Model 626 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6.1 Analyses of Force on Omniwheels 627 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6.2 Analyses of Force on Cobot Platform 628 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6.3 Constraints to Maintain Contacts to Ground 629 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.6.4 Strategies of Cobot Controls 630 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.7 Simulation 631 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5.8 Summary of HCPS as Assistive Technologies 632 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 Brain–Computer Interfaces (BCI) for Supervisory Controls 634 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1 Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) 634 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2 UAV Controls 635 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.3 BCI for Effective HMI 636 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.4 Development of BCIs 638 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.4.1 Brain Signals 639 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.4.2 Data Acquisition 640 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.4.3 Feature Classification and Detection 642 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.5 BCI Development Platform 645 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 Summary 648 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eProblems 649 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 649 \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 657\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Mechanical%20engineering%20\u0026amp;%20materials%20%5BTG%5D%22\"\u003eTG\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52433206739224,"sku":"9781394209590","price":91.19,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781394209590.jpg?v=1784851823","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/mechatronics-for-complex-products-and-systems-project-based-design-approaches-for-robots-cyber-physical-systems-digital-twins-and-other-emerging-technologies-hardback-9781394209590","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}