{"product_id":"integration-of-renewable-sources-of-energy-hardback-9781119137368","title":"Integration of Renewable Sources of Energy (Hardback) 9781119137368","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eIntegration of Renewable Sources of Energy\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eFelix A. Farret (Author), M. Godoy Simoes (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119137368, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 10 October 2017\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e680 pages\u003cbr\u003e23.1 x 15.5 x 3.6 cm, 1.021 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThe latest tools and techniques for addressing the challenges of 21st century power generation, renewable sources and distribution systems\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eRenewable energy technologies and systems are advancing by leaps and bounds, and it’s only a matter of time before renewables replace fossil fuel and nuclear energy sources. Written for practicing engineers, researchers and students alike, this book discusses state-of-the art mathematical and engineering tools for the modeling, simulation and control of renewable and mixed energy systems and related power electronics. Computational methods for multi-domain modeling of integrated energy systems and the solution of power electronics engineering problems are described in detail. \u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapters follow a consistent format, featuring a brief introduction to the theoretical background, a description of problems to be solved, as well as objectives to be achieved. Multiple block diagrams, electrical circuits, and mathematical analysis and\/or computer code are provided throughout. And each chapter concludes with discussions of lessons learned, recommendations for further studies, and suggestions for experimental work.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eKey topics covered in detail include:\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eIntegration of the most usual sources of electrical power and related thermal systems\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eEquations for energy systems and power electronics focusing on state-space and power circuit oriented simulations\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMATLAB® and Simulink® models and functions and their interactions with real-world implementations using microprocessors and microcontrollers\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eNumerical integration techniques, transfer-function modeling, harmonic analysis, and power quality performance assessment\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eMATLAB®\/Simulink®, Power Systems Toolbox, and PSIM for the simulation of power electronic circuits, including for renewable energy sources such as wind and solar sources \u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eWritten by distinguished experts in the field, \u003ci\u003eIntegration of Renewable Sources of Energy, 2nd Edition\u003c\/i\u003e is a valuable working resource for practicing engineers interested in power electronics, power systems, power quality, and alternative or renewable energy. It is also a valuable text\/reference for undergraduate and graduate electrical engineering students.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003eForeword for the First Edition xix\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eForeword for the Second Edition xxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface for the First Edition xxiii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003ePreface for the Second Edition xxvii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAcknowledgements xxxi\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Alternative Sources of Energy 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Introduction 1\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 Renewable Sources of Energy 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Renewable Energy versus Alternative Energy 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Planning and Development of Integrated Energy 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.1 Grid]Supplied Electricity 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.2 Load 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4.3 Distributed Generation 12\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Renewable Energy Economics 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Calculation of Electricity Generation Costs 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1.1 Existing Plants 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1.2 New Plants 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1.3 Investment Costs 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1.4 Capital Recovery Factor 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 European Targets for Renewable Powers 16\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.1 Demand]Side Management Options 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6.2 Supply]Side Management Options 19\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7 Integrating Renewable Energy Sources 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.1 Integration of Renewable Energy in the United States 23\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.2 Energy Recovery Time 24\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.7.3 Sustainability 26\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.8 Modern Electronic Controls for Power Systems 29\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.9 Issues Related to Alternative Sources of Energy 31\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Principles of Thermodynamics 37\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 Introduction 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 State of a Thermodynamic System 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.1 Heating Value 46\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2.2 First and Second Laws of Thermodynamics and Thermal Efficiency 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Fundamental Laws and Principles 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Example of Efficiency in a Power Plant 51\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Practical Problems Associated with Carnot Cycle Plant 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Rankine Cycle for Power Plants 55\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.4 Brayton Cycle for Power Plants 58\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.5 Geothermal Energy 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.6 Kalina Cycle 61\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.7 Energy, Power, and System Balance 62\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Examples of Energy Balance 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.1 Simple Residential Energy Balance 66\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.2 Refrigerator Energy Balance 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.3 Energy Balance for a Water Heater 68\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.4 Rock Bed Energy Balance 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.5 Array of Solar Collectors 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.6 Heat Pump 71\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.7 Heat Transfer Analysis 72\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4.8 Simple Steam Power Turbine Analysis 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.5 Planet Earth: A Closed But Not Isolated System 77\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 79\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Hydroelectric Power Plants 81\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Introduction 81\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Determination of the Available Power 82\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Expedient Topographical and Hydrological Measurements 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Simple Measurement of Elevation 84\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 Global Positioning Systems for Elevation Measurement 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Pipe Losses 86\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4 Expedient Measurements of Stream Water Flow 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4.1 Measurement Using a Float 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4.2 Measurement Using a Rectangular Spillway 88\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4.3 Measurement Using a Triangular Spillway 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.4.4 Measurement Based on the Dilution of Salt in the Water 89\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.5 Civil Works 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Hydropower Generator Set 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Regulation Systems 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Butterfly Valves 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Waterwheels 93\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Turbines 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Pelton Turbine 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Francis Turbine 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.3 Michell–Banki Turbine 102\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.4 Kaplan or Hydraulic Propeller Turbine 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.5 Deriaz Turbines 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.6 Water Pumps Working as Turbines 106\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.7 Specification of Hydro Turbines 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Wind Power Plants 111\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Introduction 111\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 Appropriate Location 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Evaluation of Wind Intensity 112\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.1 Meteorological Mapping 116\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.2 Weibull Probability Distribution 118\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.3 Analysis of Wind Speed by Visualization 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1.4 Technique of the Balloon 123\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Topography 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Purpose of the Energy Generated 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Accessibility 124\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 Wind Power 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Wind Power Corrections 126\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Wind Distribution 128\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 General Classification of Wind Turbines 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 Rotor Turbines 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 Multiple]Blade Turbines 131\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.3 Drag Turbines (Savonius) 132\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4 Lifting Turbines 133\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.1 Starting System 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.2 Rotor 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.3 Lifting 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.4 Speed Multipliers 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.5 Braking System 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.6 Generation System 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.4.7 Horizontal] and Vertical]Axis Turbines 135\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.5 Magnus Turbines 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.6 System TARP–WARP 136\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.7 Accessories 139\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Generators and Speed Control Used in Wind Power Energy 140\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6 Analysis of Small Generating Systems 143\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.6.1 Maximization of Cp 145\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 148\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Thermosolar Power Plants 151\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 151\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Water Heating by Solar Energy 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Heat Transfer Calculation of Thermally Isolated Reservoirs 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 Steady]State Thermal Calculations 155\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Transient]State Thermal Calculations 156\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Practical Approximate Measurements of the Thermal Constants R and C in Water Reservoirs 158\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Heating Domestic Water 159\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Thermosolar Energy 160\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 Parabolic Trough 161\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Parabolic Dish 163\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Solar Power Tower 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.4 Production of Hydrogen 166\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Economics Analysis of Thermosolar Energy 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 170\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Photovoltaic Power Plants 173\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 173\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Solar Energy 174\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Conversion of Electricity by Photovoltaic Effect 176\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Photovoltaic Cells 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Equivalent Models for Photovoltaic Panels 178\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Dark]Current Electric Parameters of a Photovoltaic Panel 179\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.1 Measurement of Iλ 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.2 Measurement of Rp 180\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.3 Measurement of Id 181\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.4 Measurement of η 182\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.5 Measurement of Is 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1.6 Measurement of Rs 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Power, Utilization, and Efficiency of a PV Cell 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Solar Cell Output Characteristics 188\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Dependence of a PV Cell Characteristic on Temperature and PV Cells 190\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 Model of a PV Panel Consisting of n Cells in Series 193\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.3 Model of a PV Panel Consisting of n Cells in Parallel 195\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Photovoltaic Systems 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Irradiance Area 197\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Solar Modules and Panels 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.3 Aluminum Structures 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.4 Load Controller 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.5 Battery Bank 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.6 Array Orientation 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7 Applications of Photovoltaic Solar Energy 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.1 Residential and Public Illumination 201\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.2 Stroboscopic Signaling 202\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.3 Electric Fence 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.4 Telecommunications 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.5 Water Supply and Micro]irrigation Systems 203\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.6 Control of Plagues and Conservation of Food and Medicine 205\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.7 Hydrogen and Oxygen Generation by Electrolysis 206\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.8 Electric Power Supply 208\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.7.9 Security Video Cameras and Alarm Systems 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.8 Economics and Analysis of Solar Energy 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Power Plants with Fuel Cells 217\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Introduction 217\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 The Fuel Cell 218\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 Commercial Technologies for the Generation of Electricity 220\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Practical Issues Related to Fuel Cell Stacking 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Low] and High]Temperature Fuel Cells 231\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Commercial and Manufacturing Issues 232\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 Constructional Features of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells 233\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Constructional Features of Solid Oxide Fuel Cells 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Reformers, Electrolyzer Systems, and Related Precautions 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Advantages and Disadvantages of Fuel Cells 238\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 Fuel Cell Equivalent Circuit 239\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10 Water, Air, and Heat Management 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.10.1 Fuel Cells and Their Thermal Energy Evaluation 247\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11 Experimental Evaluation of the Fuel Cell Equivalent Model Parameters 250\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.11.1 Determination of FC Parameters 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.12 Aspects of Hydrogen as Fuel 256\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13 Load Curve Peak Shaving with Fuel Cells 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.13.1 Maximal Load Curve Flatness at Constant Output Power 258\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.14 Future Trends 260\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Biomass]Powered Microplants 267\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 267\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Fuel from Biomass 272\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Biogas 274\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Biomass for Biogas 275\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Biological Formation of Biogas 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Factors Affecting Biodigestion 277\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.7 Characteristics of Biodigesters 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8 Construction of a Biodigester 281\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.8.1 Typical Size for a Biodigester 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.9 Generation of Electricity Using Biogas 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e286\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Microturbines 289\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Introduction 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 Principles of Operation 291\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.3 Microturbine Fuel 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4 Control of Microturbine 294\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.1 Mechanical]Side Structure 295\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.2 Electrical]Side Structure 297\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.4.3 Control]Side Structure 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.5 Efficiency and Power of Microturbines 303\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.6 Site Assessment for Installation of Microturbines 305\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 307\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Earth Core and Solar Heated Geothermal Energy Plants 311\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Introduction 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Earth Core Geothermal as a Source of Energy 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Earth Core Geothermal Economics 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Examples of Earth Core Geothermal Electricity 316\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Solar Heat Stored Underground as a Source of Energy 317\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Heat Exchange with Nature 319\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Heat Exchange with Surface Water 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.3 Heat Exchange with Circulating Fluid 322\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Solar Geothermal Heat Exchangers 323\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Horizontal Serpentines 324\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 Vertical Serpentines 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Mixed Serpentines 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.4 Pressurized Serpentines Heat Pump 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.5 Heat Exchange with a Room 328\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 329\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e11 Thermocouple, Sea Waves, Tide, MHD, and Piezoelectric Power Plants 331\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.1 Introduction 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2 Thermocouple Electric Power Generation 331\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.1 Thermocouples 332\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.2 Power Conversion Using Thermocouples 334\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.3 Principle of Semiconductor Thermocouples 336\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.4 A Stack of Semiconductor Thermocouples 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.5 A Plate of Semiconductor Thermocouples 338\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.2.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of the Semiconductor Thermocouples 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3 Power Plants with Ocean Waves 339\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.1 Sea Wave Energy Extraction Technology 341\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.3.2 Energy Content in Sea Waves 344\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.4 Tide] Based Small Power Plants 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.5 Small Central Magnetohydrodynamic 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6 Small Piezoelectric Power Plant 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.1 Piezoelectric Energy Conversion 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e11.6.2 Piezoelectric]Based Energy Applications 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 352\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e12 Induction Generators 357\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.1 Introduction 357\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.2 Principles of Operation 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.3 Representation of Steady]State Operation 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.4 Power and Losses Generated 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.5 Self] Excited Induction Generator 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.6 Magnetizing Curves and Self]Excitation 368\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.7 Mathematical Description of the Self]Excitation Process 369\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.8 Grid] Connected and Stand]Alone Operations 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9 Speed and Voltage Control 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.1 Frequency, Speed, and Voltage Controls 376\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.2 The Danish Concept: Two Generators on the Same Shaft 383\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.3 Variable]Speed Grid Connection 384\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.9.4 Control by the Load versus Control by the Source 385\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e12.10 Economics Considerations 387\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e13 Permanent Magnet Generators 393\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1 Introduction 393\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.1 PMSG Radial Flux Machines 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.2 Axial Flux Machines 394\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.1.3 Operating Principle of the PMSG 395\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.2 Permanent Magnets Used for PMSGs 397\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3 Modeling a Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine 398\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.3.1 Simplified Model of a PMSG 402\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.4 Core Types of a PMSG 407\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.5 PSIM Simulation of the PMSG 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e13.6 Advantages and Disadvantages of the PMSG 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e14 Storage Systems 413\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.1 Introduction 413\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.2 Energy Storage Parameters 416\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3 Lead–Acid Batteries 419\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.1 Constructional Features 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.2 Battery Charge–Discharge Cycles 422\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.3 Operating Limits and Parameters 424\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.4 Maintenance of Lead–Acid Batteries 426\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.3.5 Sizing Lead–Acid Batteries for DG Applications 427\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4 Ultracapacitors (Supercapacitors) 429\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.1 Double]Layer Effect 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.2 High]Energy Ultracapacitors 432\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.4.3 Applications of Ultracapacitors 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5 Flywheels 435\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.1 Advanced Performance of Flywheels 436\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.2 Applications of Flywheels 437\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.5.3 Design Strategies 439\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6 Superconducting Magnetic Storage System 441\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.1 SMES System Capabilities 443\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.6.2 Developments in SMES Systems 444\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7 Pumped Hydroelectric Storage 446\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.7.1 Storage Capabilities of Pumped Systems 447\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.8 Compressed Air Energy Storage 449\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.9 Heat Storage 451\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.10 Hydrogen Storage 452\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e14.11 Energy Storage as an Economic Resource 453\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e15 Integration of Alternative Sources of Energy 461\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.1 Introduction 461\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2 Principles of Power Interconnection 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.1 Converting Technologies 462\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.2 Power Converters for Power Injection into the Grid 464\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.2.3 Power Flow 466\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.3 Instantaneous Active and Reactive Power Control Approach 470\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4 Integration of Multiple Renewable Energy Sources 473\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.1 DC]Link Integration 475\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.2 AC]Link Integration 477\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.4.3 HFAC]Link Integration 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.5 Islanding and Interconnection Control 481\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6 DG PLL with Clarke and Park Transformations 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.1 Clarke Transformation for AC]Link Integration 490\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.6.2 Blondel or Park Transformation for AC]Link Integration 492\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e15.7 DG Control and Power Injection 494\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 500\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e16 Distributed Generation 503\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.1 Introduction 503\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2 The Purpose of Distributed Generation 506\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.1 Modularity 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.2 Efficiency 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.3 Low or No Emissions 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.4 Security 507\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.2.5 Load Management 508\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.3 Sizing and Siting of Distributed Generation 510\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.4 Demand]Side Management 511\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5 Optimal Location of Distributed Energy Sources 512\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.1 DG Influence on Power and Energy Losses 514\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.2 Estimation of DG Influence on Power Losses of Sub]transmission Systems 518\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.5.3 Equivalent of Sub]transmission Systems Using Experimental Design 521\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6 Algorithm of Multicriterial Analysis 523\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e16.6.1 Voltage Quality in DG Systems 525\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 530\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e17 Interconnection of Alternative Energy Sources with the Grid 533\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eBenjamin Kroposki, Thomas Basso, Richard Deblasio, and N. Richard Friedman\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.1 Introduction 533\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2 Interconnection Technologies 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.1 Synchronous Interconnection 536\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.2 Induction Interconnection 537\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.2.3 Inverter Interconnection 538\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3 Standards and Codes for Interconnection 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.1 IEEE 1547 539\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2 National Electrical Code 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2.1 NFPA 70: National Electrical Code 540\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.2.2 NFPA 853: Standard for the Installation of Stationary Fuel Cell Power Plants 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3 UL Standards 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3.1 UL 1741: Inverters, Converters, and Controllers for Use in Independent Power Systems 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3.2 UL 1008: Transfer Switch Equipment 541\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.3.3.3 UL 2200: Standard for Safety for Stationary Engine Generator Assemblies 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4 Interconnection Considerations 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.1 Voltage Regulation 543\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.2 Integration with Area EPS Grounding 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.3 Synchronization 544\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.4 Isolation 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.5 Response to Voltage Disturbance 545\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.6 Response to Frequency Disturbance 546\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.7 Disconnection for Faults 548\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.8 Loss of Synchronism 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.9 Feeder Reclosing Coordination 549\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.10 Dc Injection 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.11 Voltage Flicker 550\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.12 Harmonics 551\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.4.13 Unintentional Islanding Protection 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5 Interconnection Examples for Alternative Energy Sources 553\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.1 Synchronous Generator for Peak Demand Reduction 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e17.5.2 Small Grid]Connected PV System 555\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 557\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e18 Micropower System Modeling with HOMER 559\u003cbr\u003e\u003c\/b\u003e\u003ci\u003eTom Lambert, Paul Gilman, and Peter Lilienthal\u003c\/i\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.1 Introduction 559\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.2 Simulation 561\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.3 Optimization 566\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4 Sensitivity Analysis 569\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.1 Dealing with Uncertainty 570\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.4.2 Sensitivity Analyses on Hourly Data Sets 573\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5 Physical Modeling 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1 Loads 574\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1.1 Primary Load 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1.2 Deferrable Load 575\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.1.3 Thermal Load 576\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2 Resources 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2.1 Solar Resource 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2.2 Wind Resource 577\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2.3 Hydro Resource 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.2.4 Biomass Resource 578\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3 Components 579\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.1 PV Array 580\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.2 Wind Turbine 581\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.3 Hydro Turbine 582\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.4 Generators 583\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.5 Battery Bank 585\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.6 Grid 589\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.7 Boiler 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.8 Converter 591\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.9 Electrolyzer 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.3.10 Hydrogen Tank 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.4 System Dispatch 592\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.4.1 Operating Reserve 593\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.4.2 Control of Dispatchable System Components 594\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.4.3 Dispatch Strategy 597\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.5.4.4 Load Priority 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e18.6 Economic Modeling 598\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 601\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A Diesel Power Plants 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.1 Introduction 603\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.2 The\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eDiesel Engine 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3 Main Components of a Diesel Engine 604\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3.1 Fixed Parts 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3.2 Moving Parts 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.3.3 Auxiliary Systems 605\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4 Terminology of Diesel Engines 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4.1 The Diesel Cycle 606\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4.2 Combustion Process 608\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.4.2.1 Four]Stroke Diesel Engine 609\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5 Cycle of the Diesel Engine 609\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5.1 Relative Diesel Engine Cycle Losses 610\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.5.2 Classification of the Diesel Engine 610\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.6 Types of Fuel Injection Pumps 611\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eA.7 Electrical Conditions of Generators Driven by Diesel Engines 612\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 614\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B The Stirling Engine 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.1 Introduction 615\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.2 The Stirling Cycle 616\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.3 Displacer]Type Stirling Engine 619\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eB.4 Two]Piston Stirling Engine 621\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 623\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 625\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e \u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Electronics \u0026amp; communications engineering\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Electronics%20\u0026amp;%20communications%20engineering%20%5BTJ%5D%22\"\u003eTJ\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52421467210008,"sku":"9781119137368","price":98.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119137368.jpg?v=1784596000","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/integration-of-renewable-sources-of-energy-hardback-9781119137368","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}