{"product_id":"hybrid-electric-vehicle-system-modeling-and-control-hardback-9781119279327","title":"Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Modeling and Control (Hardback) 9781119279327","description":"\u003cfont face=\"Georgia\"\u003e\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"6\"\u003eHybrid Electric Vehicle System Modeling and Control\u003c\/font\u003e\u003cbr\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/p\u003e\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"4\"\u003eWei Liu (Author)\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e9781119279327, Wiley\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eHardback, published 31 March 2017\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e592 pages\u003cbr\u003e24.9 x 17.8 x 3 cm, 1.021 kg\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003cp align=\"justify\"\u003e\u003cstrong\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003eThis new edition includes approximately 30% new materials covering the following information that has been added to this important work:\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cul\u003e \u003cli\u003eextends the contents on Li-ion batteries detailing the positive and negative electrodes and characteristics and other components including binder, electrolyte, separator and foils, and the structure of Li-ion battery cell. Nickel-cadmium batteries are deleted.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003eadds a new section presenting the modelling of multi-mode electrically variable transmission, which gradually became the main structure of the hybrid power-train during the last 5 years.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003cli\u003enewly added chapter on noise and vibration of hybrid vehicles introduces the basics of vibration and noise issues associated with power-train, driveline and vehicle vibrations, and addresses control solutions to reduce the noise and vibration levels.\u003c\/li\u003e \u003c\/ul\u003e \u003cp\u003eChapter 10 (chapter 9 of the first edition) is extended by presenting EPA and UN newly required test drive schedules and test procedures for hybrid electric mileage calculation for window sticker considerations.\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIn addition to the above major changes in this second edition, adaptive charging sustaining point determination method is presented to have a plug-in hybrid electric vehicle with optimum performance.\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/strong\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003e\u003cp\u003ePreface xiv\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eList of Abbreviations xviii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eNomenclature xxii\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e1 Introduction 1\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1 Classification of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.1 Micro Hybrid Electric Vehicles 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.2 Mild Hybrid Electric Vehicles 2\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.3 Full Hybrid Electric Vehicles 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.4 Electric Vehicles 3\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.1.5 Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2 General Architectures of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.1 Series Hybrid 4\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.2 Parallel Hybrid 5\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.2.3 Series–Parallel Hybrid 6\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.3 Typical Layouts of the Parallel Hybrid Electric Propulsion System 7\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.4 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Components 8\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Analysis 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.1 Power Flow of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 10\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.2 Fuel Economy Benefits of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.3 Typical Drive Cycles 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.4 Vehicle Drivability 11\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.5.5 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Fuel Economy and Emissions 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e1.6 Controls of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 13\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 14\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e2 Basic Components of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 15\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1 The Prime Mover 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.1 Gasoline Engines 15\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.2 Diesel Engines 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.1.3 Fuel Cells 17\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.2 Electric Motor with a DC–DC Converter and a DC–AC Inverter 20\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3 Energy Storage System 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.1 Energy Storage System Requirements for Hybrid Electric Vehicles 21\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.2 Basic Types of Battery for Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Applications 25\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.3.3 Ultracapacitors for Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Applications 34\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e2.4 Transmission System in Hybrid Electric Vehicles 35\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 37\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e3 Hybrid Electric Vehicle System Modeling 38\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1 Modeling of an Internal Combustion Engine 38\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.1 Cranking (Key Start) 39\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.2 Engine Off 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.3 Idle 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.4 Engine On 41\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.1.5 Engine Fuel Economy and Emissions 44\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2 Modeling of an Electric Motor 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.1 Operation in the Propulsion Mode 48\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.2 Operation in the Regenerative Mode 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.2.3 Operation in Spinning Mode 49\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3 Modeling of the Battery System 53\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.1 Modeling Electrical Behavior 54\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.2 SOC Calculation 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.3.3 Modeling Thermal Behavior 56\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4 Modeling of the Transmission System 59\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.1 Modeling of the Clutch and Power Split Device 60\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.2 Modeling of the Torque Converter 67\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.3 Modeling of the Gearbox 69\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.4.4 Modeling of the Transmission Controller 70\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5 Modeling of a Multi-mode Electrically Variable Transmission 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.1 Basics of One-mode ECVT 73\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.5.2 Basics of Two-mode ECVT 78\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6 Lever Analogy as a Tool for ECVT Kinematic Analysis 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.1 Lever System Diagram Set-up 85\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.6.2 Lever Analogy Diagram for ECVT Kinematic Analysis 87\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.7 Modeling of the Vehicle Body 91\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8 Modeling of the Final Drive and Wheel 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.1 Final Drive Model 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.8.2 Wheel Model 92\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9 PID-based Driver Model 94\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.1 Principle of PID Control 95\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e3.9.2 Driver Model 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 96\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e4 Power Electronics and Electric Motor Drives in Hybrid Electric Vehicles 97\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1 Basic Power Electronic Devices 97\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.1 Diodes 98\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.2 Thyristors 99\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.3 Bipolar Junction Transistors (BJTs) 101\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.4 Metal Oxide Semiconductor Field Effect Transistors (MOSFETs) 103\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.1.5 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistors (IGBTs) 105\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2 DC–DC Converters 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.1 Basic Principle of a DC–DC Converter 107\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.2 Step-down (Buck) Converter 109\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.3 Step-up (Boost) Converter 117\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.4 Step-down\/up (Buck-boost) Converter 121\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.2.5 DC–DC Converters Applied in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Systems 125\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3 DC–AC Inverters 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.1 Basic Concepts of DC–AC Inverters 129\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.2 Single-phase DC–AC Inverters 134\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.3.3 Three-phase DC–AC Inverters 137\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4 Electric Motor Drives 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.1 BLDC Motor and Control 141\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.4.2 AC Induction Motor and Control 152\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5 Plug-in Battery Charger Design 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.1 Basic Configuration of a PHEV\/BEV Battery Charger 162\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.2 Power Factor and Correcting Techniques 164\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e4.5.3 Controls of a Plug-in Charger 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 168\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e5 Energy Storage System Modeling and Control 169\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.1 Introduction 169\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2 Methods of Determining the State of Charge 171\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.1 Current-based SOC Determination Method 172\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.2 Voltage-based SOC Determination Method 177\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.3 Extended Kalman-filter-based SOC Determination Method 183\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.4 SOC Determination Method Based on Transient Response Characteristics (TRCs) 186\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.5 Fuzzy-logic-based SOC Determination Method 189\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.6 Combination of SOCs Estimated Through Different Approaches 191\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.2.7 Further Discussion on SOC Calculations in Hybrid Electric Vehicle Applications 192\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3 Estimation of Battery Power Availability 196\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.1 PNGV HPPC Power Availability Estimation Method 198\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.2 Revised PNGV HPPC Power Availability Estimation Method 199\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.3.3 Power Availability Estimation Based on the Electrical Circuit Equivalent Model 200\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4 Battery Life Prediction 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.1 Aging Behavior and Mechanism 207\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.2 Definition of the State of Life 209\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.3 SOL Determination under Storage Conditions 210\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.4 SOL Determination under Cycling Conditions 214\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.4.5 Lithium Metal Plating Issue and Symptoms in Li-ion Batteries 223\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5 Cell Balancing 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.1 SOC Balancing 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.2 Hardware Implementation of Balancing 224\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.5.3 Cell-balancing Control Algorithms and Evaluation 227\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6 Estimation of Cell Core Temperature 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.1 Introduction 236\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.6.2 Core Temperature Estimation of an Air-cooled, Cylinder-type HEV Battery 237\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e5.7 Battery System Efficiency 241\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 242\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e6 Energy Management Strategies for Hybrid Electric Vehicles 243\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.1 Introduction 243\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.2 Rule-based Energy Management Strategy 244\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3 Fuzzy-logic-based Energy Management Strategy 245\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.1 Fuzzy Logic Control 246\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.3.2 Fuzzy-logic-based HEV Energy Management Strategy 253\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4 Determination of the Optimal ICE Operational Points of Hybrid Electric Vehicles 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.1 Mathematical Description of the Problem 261\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.2 Procedures of Optimal Operational Point Determination 263\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.3 Golden Section Searching Method 264\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.4 Finding the Optimal Operational Points 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.5 Example of the Optimal Determination 265\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.4.6 Performance Evaluation 269\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5 Cost-function-based Optimal Energy Management Strategy 278\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.1 Mathematical Description of Cost-function-based Optimal Energy Management 279\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.5.2 An Example of Optimization Implementation 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6 Optimal Energy Management Strategy Incorporated with Cycle Pattern Recognition 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.1 Driving Cycle\/Style Pattern Recognition Algorithm 282\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e6.6.2 Determination of the Optimal Energy Distribution 285\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 287\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e7 Other Hybrid Electric Vehicle Control Problems 288\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1 Basics of Internal Combustion Engine Control 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.1 SI Engine Control 288\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.1.2 Diesel Engine Control 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2 Engine Torque Fluctuation Dumping Control Through the Electric Motor 289\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.1 Sliding Mode Control 293\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.2.2 Engine Torque Fluctuation Dumping Control Based on the Sliding Mode Control Method 296\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3 High-voltage Bus Spike Control 298\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.1 Bang-Bang Control Strategy of Overvoltage Protection 300\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.2 PID-based ON\/OFF Control Strategy for Overvoltage Protection 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.3.3 Fuzzy-logic-based ON\/OFF Control Strategy for Overvoltage Protection 301\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4 Thermal Control of an HEV Battery System 304\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.1 Combined PID Feedback with Feedforward Battery Thermal System Control Strategy 306\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.4.2 Optimal Battery Thermal Control Strategy 308\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5 HEV\/EV Traction Motor Control 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.1 Traction Torque Control 311\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.5.2 Anti-rollback Control 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6 Active Suspension Control in HEV\/EV Systems 313\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.1 Suspension System Model of a Quarter Car 314\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.6.2 Active Suspension System Control 318\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7 Adaptive Charge-sustaining Setpoint and Adaptive Recharge SOC Determination for PHEVs 325\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.1 Scenarios of Battery Capacity Decay and Discharge Power Capability Degradation 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.7.2 Adaptive Recharge SOC Termination Setpoint Control Strategy 326\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8 Online Tuning Strategy of the SOC Lower Bound in CS Operational Mode 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.1 PHEV Charge-sustaining Operational Characteristics 333\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.8.2 PHEV Battery CS-operation SOC Lower Bound Online Tuning 335\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9 PHEV Battery CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint Online Tuning 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9.1 PHEV CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint Determination at BOL 343\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e7.9.2 Online Tuning Strategy of PHEV CS-operation Nominal SOC Setpoint 345\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 347\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e8 Plug-in Charging Characteristics, Algorithm, and Impact on the Power Distribution System 348\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.1 Introduction 348\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2 Plug-in Hybrid Vehicle Battery System and Charging Characteristics 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.1 AC-120 Plug-in Charging Characteristics 349\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.2 AC-240 Plug-in Charging Characteristics 350\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.2.3 DC Fast-charging Characteristics 353\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.3 Battery Life and Safety Impacts of Plug-in Charging Current and Temperature 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4 Plug-in Charging Control 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.1 AC Plug-in Charge Control 355\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.4.2 DC Fast-charging Control 358\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5 Impacts of Plug-in Charging on the Electricity Network 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.1 Impact on the Distribution System 360\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.5.2 Impact on the Electric Grid 362\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6 Optimal Plug-in Charging Strategy 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.1 The Optimal Plug-in Charge Back Point Determination 364\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e8.6.2 Cost-based Optimal Plug-in Charging Strategy 366\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 372\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e9 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Vibration, Noise, and Control 373\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1 Basics of Noise and Vibration 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.1 Sound Spectra and Velocity 373\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.2 Basic Quantities Related to Sound 374\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.3 Frequency Analysis Bandwidths 380\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.4 Basics of Vibration 382\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.1.5 Basics of Noise and Vibration Control 389\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2 General Description of Noise, Vibration, and Control in Hybrid Electric Vehicles 391\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.1 Engine Start\/Stop Vibration, Noise, and Control 392\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.2 Electric Motor Noise, Vibration, and Control 400\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.3 Power Electronics Noise and Control 405\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e9.2.4 Battery System Noise, Vibration, and Control 408\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 411\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e\u003cb\u003e10 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Design and Performance Analysis 412\u003c\/b\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.1 Hybrid Electric Vehicle Simulation System 412\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2 Typical Test Driving Cycles 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.1 Typical EPA Fuel Economy Test Schedules 414\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.2 Typical Supplemental Fuel Economy Test Schedules 418\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.2.3 Other Typical Test Schedules 421\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3 Sizing Components and Vehicle Performance Analysis 430\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.1 Drivability Calculation 431\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.3.2 Preliminary Sizing of the Main Components of a Hybrid Electric Vehicle 433\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4 Fuel Economy, Emissions, and Electric Mileage Calculation 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.1 Basics of Fuel Economy and Emissions Calculation 454\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.2 EPA Fuel Economy Label Test and Calculation 457\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003e10.4.3 Electrical Energy Consumption and Miles per Gallon Gasoline Equivalent Calculation 463\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eReferences 478\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix A 480\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eAppendix B 520\u003c\/p\u003e \u003cp\u003eIndex 553\u003c\/p\u003e\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\u003cp\u003e\u003cfont size=\"3\"\u003eSubject Areas: Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials [\u003ca title=\"See our other books on Mechanical engineering \u0026amp; materials\" href=\"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/search?q=%22Mechanical%20engineering%20\u0026amp;%20materials%20%5BTG%5D%22\"\u003eTG\u003c\/a\u003e]\u003c\/font\u003e\u003c\/p\u003e\r\n\r\n\r\n\u003c\/font\u003e","brand":"Wiley","offers":[{"title":"Brand New","offer_id":52253116367128,"sku":"9781119279327","price":95.99,"currency_code":"GBP","in_stock":true}],"thumbnail_url":"\/\/cdn.shopify.com\/s\/files\/1\/0730\/2037\/5320\/files\/9781119279327.jpg?v=1781271268","url":"https:\/\/freshlyprintedbooks.co.uk\/products\/hybrid-electric-vehicle-system-modeling-and-control-hardback-9781119279327","provider":"Freshly Printed Books","version":"1.0","type":"link"}